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Sicily (Italy) (search for this): book 5, section 1307a
for some men being in distress because of the war put forward a claim to carry out a re-division of the land of the country）. Also if a man is great and capable of being yet greater, he stirs up faction in order that he may be sole ruler （as Pausanias who commanded the army through the Persian war seems to have done at Sparta, and HannoPerhaps Hanno who fought in Sicily against the elder Dionysius circa 4OO B.C. at Carthage）.But the actual overthrow of both constitutional governments and aristocracies is mostly due to a departure from justice in the actual framework of the constitution. For what starts it in the case of a constitutional government is that it does not contain a good blend of democracy and oligarchy; and in the case of an aristocracy it is the lack of a good blend of those two elements and of virtue, but chiefly of the two elements （I mean popular government and oligarchy）, for both constit
Athens (Greece) (search for this): book 5, section 1307a
to democracy and an aristocracy to oligarchy, or to the opposite extremes, that is, aristocracy to democracy （for the poorer people feeling they are unjustly treated pull it round to the opposite） and constitutional governments to oligarchy （for the only lasting thing is equality in accordance with desert and the possession of what is their own）. And the change mentionedi.e. from aristocracy to democracy. Possibly these events occurred after the defeat of Athens at Syracuse in 413 B.C., when the Athenian party at Thurii was banished （Lysias 835 D）. The events in 8 were perhaps in the fourth century. came about at Thurii, for because the property-qualification for honors was too high, the constitution was altered to a lower property-qualification and to a larger number of official posts, but because the notables illegally bought up the whole of the land （for the constitution was too oligarchical, so that they wer
Carthage (Tunisia) (search for this): book 5, section 1307a
for some men being in distress because of the war put forward a claim to carry out a re-division of the land of the country）. Also if a man is great and capable of being yet greater, he stirs up faction in order that he may be sole ruler （as Pausanias who commanded the army through the Persian war seems to have done at Sparta, and HannoPerhaps Hanno who fought in Sicily against the elder Dionysius circa 4OO B.C. at Carthage）.But the actual overthrow of both constitutional governments and aristocracies is mostly due to a departure from justice in the actual framework of the constitution. For what starts it in the case of a constitutional government is that it does not contain a good blend of democracy and oligarchy; and in the case of an aristocracy it is the lack of a good blend of those two elements and of virtue, but chiefly of the two elements （I mean popular government and oligarchy）, for both constit
Syracuse (Italy) (search for this): book 5, section 1307a
cy and an aristocracy to oligarchy, or to the opposite extremes, that is, aristocracy to democracy （for the poorer people feeling they are unjustly treated pull it round to the opposite） and constitutional governments to oligarchy （for the only lasting thing is equality in accordance with desert and the possession of what is their own）. And the change mentionedi.e. from aristocracy to democracy. Possibly these events occurred after the defeat of Athens at Syracuse in 413 B.C., when the Athenian party at Thurii was banished （Lysias 835 D）. The events in 8 were perhaps in the fourth century. came about at Thurii, for because the property-qualification for honors was too high, the constitution was altered to a lower property-qualification and to a larger number of official posts, but because the notables illegally bought up the whole of the land （for the constitution was too oligarchical, so that they were able to g
Locri (Italy) (search for this): book 5, section 1307a
bles illegally bought up the whole of the land （for the constitution was too oligarchical, so that they were able to grasp at wealth） . . .Probably a clause meaning ‘civil strife ensued’ has been lost. And the people having been trained in the war overpowered the guards, until those who were in the position of having too much land relinquished it.Besides, as all aristocratic constitutions are inclined towards oligarchy, the notables grasp at wealth （for example at Sparta the estates are coming into a few hands）; and the notables have more power to do what they like, and to form marriage connections with whom they like （which was the cause of the fall of the state of Locri, as a result of the marriage with Dionysius,See 1259a 28 n. He married in 397 B.C. the daughter of a Locrian citizen, who bore him the younger Dionysius. which would not have taken place in a democracy; nor in a well-blended aristo
Thurii (search for this): book 5, section 1307a
rdance with desert and the possession of what is their own）. And the change mentionedi.e. from aristocracy to democracy. Possibly these events occurred after the defeat of Athens at Syracuse in 413 B.C., when the Athenian party at Thurii was banished （Lysias 835 D）. The events in 8 were perhaps in the fourth century. came about at Thurii, for because the property-qualification for honors was too high, the constitution was altered to a lower property-qualificaThurii, for because the property-qualification for honors was too high, the constitution was altered to a lower property-qualification and to a larger number of official posts, but because the notables illegally bought up the whole of the land （for the constitution was too oligarchical, so that they were able to grasp at wealth） . . .Probably a clause meaning ‘civil strife ensued’ has been lost. And the people having been trained in the war overpowered the guards, until those who were in the position of having too much land relinquished it.Besides, as all aristocratic constitution
413 BC (search for this): book 5, section 1307a
aristocracy to oligarchy, or to the opposite extremes, that is, aristocracy to democracy （for the poorer people feeling they are unjustly treated pull it round to the opposite） and constitutional governments to oligarchy （for the only lasting thing is equality in accordance with desert and the possession of what is their own）. And the change mentionedi.e. from aristocracy to democracy. Possibly these events occurred after the defeat of Athens at Syracuse in 413 B.C., when the Athenian party at Thurii was banished （Lysias 835 D）. The events in 8 were perhaps in the fourth century. came about at Thurii, for because the property-qualification for honors was too high, the constitution was altered to a lower property-qualification and to a larger number of official posts, but because the notables illegally bought up the whole of the land （for the constitution was too oligarchical, so that they were able to grasp at
397 BC (search for this): book 5, section 1307a
bles illegally bought up the whole of the land （for the constitution was too oligarchical, so that they were able to grasp at wealth） . . .Probably a clause meaning ‘civil strife ensued’ has been lost. And the people having been trained in the war overpowered the guards, until those who were in the position of having too much land relinquished it.Besides, as all aristocratic constitutions are inclined towards oligarchy, the notables grasp at wealth （for example at Sparta the estates are coming into a few hands）; and the notables have more power to do what they like, and to form marriage connections with whom they like （which was the cause of the fall of the state of Locri, as a result of the marriage with Dionysius,See 1259a 28 n. He married in 397 B.C. the daughter of a Locrian citizen, who bore him the younger Dionysius. which would not have taken place in a democracy; nor in a well-blended aristo