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West Point (Kentucky, United States) (search for this): chapter 31
his. Points within a few miles of it, possessing great advantages and few disadvantages, were totally neglected; and a location fixed upon without one redeeming feature or filling one of the many requirements of a work such as Fort Henry. The remark of General Floyd may, under the circumstances, be dismissed as a hastily-formed opinion, though it is due to him to say that he expressed great distrust of the position as soon as he arrived at Fort Donelson. But Tilghman was a graduate of West Point, and a civil engineer by profession. He had had some experience in fortification in the Mexican War and as an artillery-officer, so that, under other circumstances, his opinion would be entitled to weight. But, when it is remembered that, as an officer, he was not slow to find fault, and indeed had done so with unusual vehemence as to the ordnance, transportation, clothing, medical and other staff departments, and had been engaged in an altercation with the Engineer Department on other p
Corinth (Mississippi, United States) (search for this): chapter 31
district these events had occurred, made a report that contains a very fair summary of many important facts in relation to the defenses of Forts Henry and Donelson. It reads as follows: headquarters, first Corps, army of the Mississippi, Corinth, Mississippi, April 1, 1862. General: In conformity with your order to report to you on the defenses of the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers at the time of my taking command in the West, I have to say that those defenses were at that time not includeinto a gunboat on the Tennessee River, but it was, unfortunately, too late to be of any service. Respectfully, your obedient servant, L. Polk, Major-General commanding. To General A. S. Johnston, commanding Army of the Mississippi, Corinth, Mississippi. A rigid examination of all the data confirms this report in its most important particulars. On the 17th of September General Johnston ordered Lieutenant Dixon, a young engineer of extraordinary skill, courage, and character, to repor
Panther Island (Florida, United States) (search for this): chapter 31
the winter months, is a delusion. All the resources of the Confederacy are now needed for the defense of Tennessee. With great respect, etc., A. S. Johnston. At the time of the attack upon Fort Henry, it had been well fortified, though not strongly enough for the force brought against it. Hoppin, in his Life of Foote, following Lossing, says: It lay in a bend of the stream, and was at times almost surrounded by water; its guns commanded a reach of the river below, toward Panther Island, for about two miles. It was a strong earthwork, constructed with much scientific skill, covering ten acres, with five bastions from four to six feet high, the embrasures knitted firmly together with sand-bags. If the work was not strong, the responsibility rested chiefly with the officer in charge, General Tilghman, who had been in immediate command for two months and a half. Lieutenant-Colonel J. F. Gilmer was ordered by General Johnston, January 29th, to proceed to Fort Henry
Danville (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 31
y, and from General Tilghman, during the 4th and 5th of February, breathe a confident spirit. In transmitting Colonel Heiman's dispatch, General Tilghman telegraphed, 4 P. M., February 4th, to Colonel Mackall: Better send two regiments to Danville, subject to my orders. An hour later he telegraphed: The landing of the enemy is between rivers, perhaps from both rivers. Give me all the help you can, light battery included. Off for Henry. On the 5th, at 8 A. M., General Tilghseriously. Enemy evidently intend to prevent us landing troops or supplies at fort, and they can do it. If you can reinforce strongly and quickly, we have a glorious chance to overwhelm the enemy. Move by Clarksville to Donelson, and across to Danville, Tennessee River railroad-crossing, twenty miles above Henry. where transports will be ready. Enemy said to be intrenching below. My plans are to concentrate closely in and under Henry. This dispatch was received on February 6th by Gene
Ohio (United States) (search for this): chapter 31
of operations. These views were eminently judicious; but Halleck, overrating General Johnston's force and means of resistance, adds, But the plan should not be attempted without a large force — not less than 60,000 effective men. Halleck's plan was to move against the Confederate lines with deliberation and in force. But, as this plan was slowly maturing in the brain of the chief, the conflict was precipitated by the more eager and active temper of his subordinates at the mouth of the Ohio. These were three of the ablest and boldest officers in the service of the United States: Grant, C. F. Smith, and Foote. These enterprising officers, finding by due pressure the weak point of a strong line to be on their own immediate front, were not slow to seize the advantage. Early in January, McClellan, the general-in-chief, directed Halleck, commanding the Western Department, to make a demonstration in Western Kentucky which should prevent reinforcements being sent to Bowling Green
United States (United States) (search for this): chapter 31
unders within the next four days. Within the same period the gunboats of the enemy were stopped by the obstructions near Eddyville. General G. A. Henry, Confederate States Senator from Tennessee, a resident of Clarksville, and deeply interested in the defense of the Cumberland, accompanied Major Gilmer on this tour of inspectimore than fifty were collected for some time, and never more than 200 in all. It may be thought strange that, when the formidable naval preparations of the United States for operations on the Western rivers were well known to the Confederate authorities, very slight efforts were made to meet them with similar gunboats or with red by the more eager and active temper of his subordinates at the mouth of the Ohio. These were three of the ablest and boldest officers in the service of the United States: Grant, C. F. Smith, and Foote. These enterprising officers, finding by due pressure the weak point of a strong line to be on their own immediate front, were
Trenton, Tenn. (Tennessee, United States) (search for this): chapter 31
call for slaves for this purpose had been responded to slowly and feebly, as has been shown. The condition of the Confederates in that quarter may be understood from an extract from a letter of General Polk to General Johnston, dated January 11, 1862: My available force is greatly reduced by sickness and absence . . . There are many regiments in my division who are without arms, and several poorly armed. The unarmed regiments are stationed at Forts Pillow, Donelson, and Henry; at Trenton, Union City, and Henderson Station. In my return you will find embraced the brigade of Brigadier-General Alcorn. His men are sixty-day troops from Mississippi, who are armed with every variety of weapon. They are sick with measles, raw, and undisciplined. This brigade cannot be expected to be very effective. I also send you a weekly report of the troops at this post, and am sorry to remark that they have been much reduced by sickness. My effective force is now, as you will see, onl
Missouri (Missouri, United States) (search for this): chapter 31
ompelled to attack this position, which we doubt not can make a successful defense. If force cannot be spared from other army corps, the country must now be roused to make the greatest effort that it will be called upon to make during the war. No matter what the sacrifice may be, it must be made, and without loss of time. Our people do not comprehend the magnitude of the danger that threatens. Let it be impressed upon them. The enemy will probably undertake no active operations in Missouri, General Johnston had no advices from the West, indicating an active campaign. and may be content to hold our force fast in their position on the Potomac for the remainder of the winter; but, to suppose, with the facilities of movement by water which the well-filled rivers of the Ohio, Cumberland, and Tennessee, give for active operations, that they will suspend them in Tennessee and Kentucky during the winter months, is a delusion. All the resources of the Confederacy are now needed fo
Bowling Green (Kentucky, United States) (search for this): chapter 31
ated. Whether the Barren River, and a line from Bowling Green to Columbus, should be adopted for defense, or t also near to and in front of the railroads from Bowling Green and Nashville, running west. The topography first knew him in California. They met next at Bowling Green. Gilner had skill and judgment, and his militar the Federal commanders to force the position at Bowling Green at great sacrifice, or to attempt to reduce the the rebel line? Cullom drew the pencil through Bowling Green, Forts Donelson and Henry, and Columbus, Kentuck threaten Columbus, and force the abandonment of Bowling Green. . . . This line of the Cumberland and Tennesseehich should prevent reinforcements being sent to Bowling Green, toward which Buell was still reaching out. Gran brigade and part of Buckner's, from his army at Bowling Green. The infantry, artillery, and baggage, were senrses moving by land. General Johnston's army at Bowling Green had numbered, December 8th, 18,000 men, includin
Donelson (Indiana, United States) (search for this): chapter 31
sten their construction. Gilmer's orders were: To arrange the works for the defense and obstruction of the river at Donelson, Clarksville, and Nashville, and to intrust the construction to subordinates. He was to spare no cost, procuring barges Captain Dixon will do everything in his power to hasten forward the works at that point. Lineport, fifteen miles below Donelson, presents many advantages for defending the river; but, as the works at Fort Donelson are partially built, and the placee position, and construct the additional defenses as rapidly as possible. To obstruct the Cumberland at points below Donelson, old barges and flats have been sunk at Ingraham's Shoals, a few miles above Eddyville, and at Line Island, three miles at Fort Henry, and 2,300 or 2,400 more at Fort Donelson. On January 31st he had 3,033 effectives at Henry, and 1,956 at Donelson. The Fiftieth Tennessee, numbering 386, was transferred from Henry to Donelson, leaving 2,647 at the former and 2,342 a
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