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April 8th, 1862 AD (search for this): chapter 37
was brief and characteristic. He told them, Look along your guns, and fire low. During the intervals of the march on the 4th and 5th of April, while the men stood on their arms, the following address of the commanding general was read at the head of each regiment. It was received with exhibitions of deep feeling, and the soldiers were stirred to a still sterner resolution, which proved itself in the succeeding conflict. headquarters, army of the Mississippi, Corinth, Mississippi, April 8, 1862. soldiers of the army of the Mississippi: I have put you in motion to offer battle to the invaders of your country. With the resolution and discipline and valor becoming men fighting, as you are, for all worth living or dying for, you can but march to a decisive victory over the agrarian mercenaries sent to subjugate you and to despoil you of your liberties, your property, and your honor. Remember the precious stake involved; remember the dependence of your mothers, your wives, your
April 5th, 1862 AD (search for this): chapter 37
more than the boom of artillery on Sunday morning. In Badeau's Life of Grant (page 600) occurs the following correspondence. The first communication is a telegram from General Grant to General Halleck, his commanding officer: Savannah, April 5, 1862. The main force of the enemy is at Corinth, with troops at different points east. Small garrisons are also at Bethel, Jackson, and Humboldt. The number at these places seems constantly to change. The number of the enemy at Corinth, and I have scarcely the faintest idea of an attack (general one) being made upon us, but will be prepared should such a thing take place. General Sherman's dispatch to Grant, sent with the above to Halleck, is as follows: Pittsburg Landing, April 5, 1862. sir: All is quiet along my lines now. We are in the act of exchanging cavalry, according to your orders. The enemy has cavalry in our front, and I think there are two regiments of infantry and one battery of artillery about six miles out
April 6th (search for this): chapter 37
ay the enemy's cavalry was again very bold, coming well down to our front; yet I did not believe they designed anything but a strong demonstration. General Sherman seems to deny with derision that his command was surprised on the morning of April 6th. He says ( Memoirs, vol. i., p. 244): Probably no single battle of the war gave rise to such wild and damaging reports. It was publicly asserted at the North that our army was taken completely by surprise, etc. His denial is not cabase of operations and attack us in ours — mere reconnaissance in force. General Buell says that, so far as preparation for battle is concerned, no army could well have been taken more by surprise than was the Army, of the Tennessee on the 6th of April. Buell's letter, dated January 19, 1865, to United States service Magazine, republished in the New York World, February 29, 1865. Van Horne's Army of the Cumberland, to which General Sherman's special advocate, Mr. Moulton, refers the r
April 5th (search for this): chapter 37
or the failure to hear their random shots. At daylight, on Saturday, the 5th of April, Hardee advanced, and by seven o'clock was sufficiently out of the way to alour guns, and fire low. During the intervals of the march on the 4th and 5th of April, while the men stood on their arms, the following address of the commanding illery belonged to the Confederate cavalry. In his letter to Grant, dated April 5th (page 235), Sherman reports that he lost eleven men, officers and privates, tn report of the skirmish that night. Buckland says: The next day, Saturday, April 5th, I visited the picket-line several times, and found the woods were swarmir official reports, the Federal army was disposed as follows on the night of April 5th: Sherman commanded the advance, consisting of the Fifth Division, and had hisl's army, Nelson's division, had passed through Savannah on Saturday morning, April 5th, and was distant from Pittsburg about five miles on the north bank of the riv
April 4th (search for this): chapter 37
ches. field-map. distribution of arms. bad roads. skirmish on April 4th. explanation of orders. providential storm. under arms. recklry of the first Kentucky brigade, p. 87. moved from Burnsville on April 4th, at 3 A. M., by way of Farmington, toward Monterey, fourteen miles. There is a letter from General Bragg, written at 10 A. M., April 4th, addressed to General Johnston or General Beauregard, from Monterour guns, and fire low. During the intervals of the march on the 4th and 5th of April, while the men stood on their arms, the following a our front was getting bolder and more saucy; and on Friday, the 4th of April, it dashed down and carried off one of our picket-guards, compos, and I supposed the guns that opened on us on the evening of Friday, April 4th, belonged to the cavalry that was hovering along our whole frary is incontrovertible. The preliminary fighting of the 3d and 4th of April necessarily put division and army commanders on the alert. T
April 3rd (search for this): chapter 37
's theory. reconnaissance. false security. was it a surprise? Federal array. the opponents. On Thursday morning, April 3d, at about one o'clock, preliminary orders were issued to hold the troops in readiness to move at a moment's notice, withs three brigades — a division, in fact, but by courtesy a reserve corps-having received their orders on the afternoon of April 3d, E. P. Thompson's History of the first Kentucky brigade, p. 87. moved from Burnsville on April 4th, at 3 A. M., by wa made in July, 1862, to the writer, then on inspection-duty, gave the effective total of all arms at 38,773, who marched April 3d. In his Life of Forrest he makes it 39,630. Hodge, in his sketch of the First Kentucky Brigade, with a different distr that Grant was surprised at Shiloh, but the evidence to the contrary is incontrovertible. The preliminary fighting of the 3d and 4th of April necessarily put division and army commanders on the alert. The evidence he cites for this is as follow
April 1st (search for this): chapter 37
the events preceding it. He is entitled to this consideration, since, by his position in the advance, and by the special confidence reposed in him by Grant, he shared with his chief the responsibility for whatever was done or left undone at Shiloh. We have already seen his opinion on the natural strength of the position, and the reasons he gives for not adding to it. The following is his account of the transactions ushering in the battle ( Memoirs, vol. i., p. 229): From about the 1st of April we were conscious that the rebel cavalry in our front was getting bolder and more saucy; and on Friday, the 4th of April, it dashed down and carried off one of our picket-guards, composed of an officer and seven men, posted a couple of miles out on the Corinth road. Colonel Buckland sent a company to its relief, then followed himself with a regiment, and, fearing lest he might be worsted, I called out his whole brigade and followed some four or five miles, when the cavalry in advance enc
April (search for this): chapter 37
from the returns at the time. Beauregard's report of the battle gives the field return at 40,335, of which 4,382 was cavalry. This last return includes Colonel Hill's Forty-seventh Tennessee Regiment, which came up on the 7th. There are apparently some errors in the return of July, 1862. The writer believes that the figures in Jordan's Life of Forrest approach the truth most nearly. It now behooves us to consider the employment of the Federal army during those fateful first days of April, when the Confederates were gathering in its front. Premising that General Grant kept his headquarters at Savannah, nine miles from Pittsburg by water and six or seven by land, and left a large discretion in the hands of General Sherman, as his friend and most experienced officer, we must turn to the Memoirs of General Sherman to arrive at his theory of the battle, and his account of the events preceding it. He is entitled to this consideration, since, by his position in the advance, and by
March (search for this): chapter 37
Chapter 33: before the battle. General Johnston's prediction. anticipation of battle. strength of Federal position. Beauregard's report. Bragg's sketch of preliminaries. the resolve to attack. its origin. General Lee's letter. preparations. attempt to employ negroes. General Johnston's telegram. orders of March. enthusiasm of troops.--the army marches. field-map. distribution of arms. bad roads. skirmish on April 4th. explanation of orders. providential storm. under arms. reckless fusillade. careless pickets. first line of battle. personal movements of General Johnston. morning of the 5th. this is not War! delay. its causes. rawness of the army. a majestic presence. encouraging the troops. address to army. the Council of War. Beauregard for retreat. Johnston's decision, and reasons. Confederate array. Sherman's theory. reconnaissance. false security. was it a surprise? Federal array. the opponents. On Thursday morning, April 3d,
7th (search for this): chapter 37
spection-duty, gave the effective total of all arms at 38,773, who marched April 3d. In his Life of Forrest he makes it 39,630. Hodge, in his sketch of the First Kentucky Brigade, with a different distribution of troops, puts the total at 39,695, which he says he made up from the returns at the time. Beauregard's report of the battle gives the field return at 40,335, of which 4,382 was cavalry. This last return includes Colonel Hill's Forty-seventh Tennessee Regiment, which came up on the 7th. There are apparently some errors in the return of July, 1862. The writer believes that the figures in Jordan's Life of Forrest approach the truth most nearly. It now behooves us to consider the employment of the Federal army during those fateful first days of April, when the Confederates were gathering in its front. Premising that General Grant kept his headquarters at Savannah, nine miles from Pittsburg by water and six or seven by land, and left a large discretion in the hands of G
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