1When Tlepolemus was archon in
Athens, the Romans elected as consuls Titus Quinctius and
Quintus Servilius Structus. This year Artaxerxes, the king of the Persians, who had just
recovered the throne,
2 first of all
punished those who had had a part in the murder of his father and then organized the affairs of
the kingdom to suit his own personal advantage.
[
2]
Thus with
respect to the satraps then in office, those who were hostile to him he dismissed and from his
friends he chose such as were competent and gave the satrapies to them. He also concerned
himself with both the revenues and the preparation of armaments, and since in general his
administration of the entire kingdom was mild, he enjoyed the favour of the Persians to a high
degree.
[
3]
But when the
inhabitants of
Egypt learned of the death of Xerxes
and of the general attempt upon the throne and the disorder in the Persian kingdom, they
decided to strike for their liberty. At once, then, mustering an army, they revolted from the
Persians, and after expelling the Persians whose duty it was to collect the tribute from
Egypt, they set up as king a man named Inaros.
[
4]
He at first recruited soldiers from the native Egyptians, but
afterwards he gathered also mercenaries from the other nations and amassed a considerable army.
He dispatched ambassadors also to the Athenians to effect an alliance, promising them that, if
they should liberate the Egyptians, he would give them a share in the kingdom and grant them
favours many times greater than the good service they had rendered.
[
5]
And the Athenians, having decided that it was to their advantage to humble the Persians
as far as they could and to attach the Egyptians closely to themselves against the
unpredictable shiftings of Fortune, voted to send three hundred triremes to the aid of the
Egyptians.
[
6]
The Athenians, therefore, with great enthusiasm set
about the preparation of the expedition. As for Artaxerxes, when he learned of the revolt of
the Egyptians and their preparations for war, he concluded that he must surpass the Egyptians
in the size of his armaments. So he at once began to enrol soldiers from all the satrapies,
build ships, and give his attention to every other kind of preparation.
These were the events of this year in
Asia
and
Egypt.