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Contents of the Sixteenth Book of Diodorus
chapter 1chapter 2chapter 3chapter 4chapter 5chapter 6chapter 7chapter 8chapter 9chapter 10chapter 11chapter 12chapter 13chapter 14chapter 15chapter 16chapter 17chapter 18chapter 19chapter 20chapter 21chapter 22chapter 23chapter 24chapter 25chapter 26chapter 27chapter 28chapter 29chapter 30chapter 31chapter 32chapter 33chapter 34chapter 35chapter 36chapter 37chapter 38chapter 39chapter 40chapter 41chapter 42chapter 43chapter 44chapter 45chapter 46chapter 47chapter 48chapter 49chapter 50chapter 51chapter 52chapter 53chapter 54chapter 55chapter 56chapter 57chapter 58chapter 59chapter 60chapter 61chapter 62chapter 63chapter 64chapter 65chapter 66chapter 67chapter 68chapter 69chapter 70chapter 71chapter 72chapter 73chapter 74chapter 75chapter 76chapter 77chapter 78chapter 79chapter 80chapter 81chapter 82chapter 83chapter 84chapter 85chapter 86chapter 87chapter 88chapter 89chapter 90chapter 91chapter 92chapter 93chapter 94chapter 95
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After this Archidamus sailed to Italy and joined forces with the
Tarentines but lost his life fighting gallantly in battle. He was praised for his ability as
general and for his conduct on the whole, though in the matter of the Phocian alliance alone he
was severely criticized as the one who was chiefly responsible for the seizure of Delphi.
[2]
Now Archidamus was king of the Lacedaemonians for
twenty-three years, and Agis his son succeeded to the throne and ruled for fifteen1 years. After the death of Archidamus his mercenaries, who
had participated in plundering the shrine, were shot down by the Lucanians, whereas Phalaecus,
now that he had been driven out of Lyctus, attempted to besiege Cydonia.
[3]
He had constructed siege engines and was bringing them up against the
city when lightning descended and these structures were consumed by the divine fire, and many
of the mercenaries in attempting to save the engines perished in the flames. Among them was the
general Phalaecus. But some say that he offended one of the mercenaries and was slain by him.
[4]
The mercenaries who survived were taken into their service by
Eleian exiles, were then transported to the Peloponnese, and with these exiles were engaged in
war against the people of Elis.2
[5]
When the Arcadians joined the Eleians in the struggle and
defeated the exiles in battle, many of the mercenaries were slain and the remainder, about four
thousand, were taken captive. After the Arcadians and the Eleians had divided up the prisoners,
the Arcadians sold as booty all who had been apportioned to them, while the Eleians executed
their portion because of the outrage committed against the oracle.
1 Cp. chap. 88.4, where nine years are allotted to Agis, as also in Book 17.63.4. The dates of the reigns are Archidamus III, 361-338; Agis II, 338-331. Agis fell in the battle of Megalopolis in the autumn of 331. The error of fifteen years seems to have arisen from the fact that in this passage (placed under year 346) Diodorus records the death of Archidamus (which occurred in 338) and the succession of Agis. From 346 to 331 would give fifteen years. (For a full discussion of the date of the battle of Megalopolis in relation to Alexander's march see Beloch, 3.2. Sec. 130; also Tarn, Cambridge Ancient History, 6.443-445.)
2 Cp. Dem. 19.260; Paus. 4.28.4 and Paus. 5.4.9. There seems to be no later reference in Diodorus to this war, which occurred about 343/2.
Diodorus Siculus. Diodorus of Sicily in Twelve Volumes with an English Translation by C. H. Oldfather. Vol. 4-8. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989.
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References (11 total)
- Cross-references to this page
(8):
- The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, KYDONIA (Khania) Crete.
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), LUCA´NIA
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), MAGNA GRAE´CIA
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), MANDU´RIA
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), TARENTUM
- Smith's Bio, Agis Iii.
- Smith's Bio, Archida'mus Iii.
- Smith's Bio, Phalaecus
- Cross-references in notes from this page (3):
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