[
439]
Chapter 22: statistics.
Valuation in 1647.
-- rate list in 1688.
-- census in 1777.
-- valuation in 1781.
-- list of voters in 1822.
-- census at intervals from 1765 to 1875.
-- number of polls, valuation, rate and amount of tax, and amount of the
City debt, in each year from the incorporation of the
City in 1846 to 1875.
-- census in 1875.
--
Vice-president of the
United States.
-- Governors.
-- Deputy or
Lieutenant-Governors.
-- Assistants.
-- Councillors.
--
Senators.
-- Representatives.
-- Selectmen.
-- Assessors.
-- Town Clerks.
-- Town Treasurers.
-- Mayors.
-- Aldermen.
--
Presidents of the Common Council.
-- members of the Common Council.
-- City Clerks.
-- City Treasurers.
--
Clerks of the Common Council
The
Town Records contain the following Rate List: The number of persons & of the estate of the [inhabitants] as it was taken by the townsmen by the order of the
Court1 in the yeare 1647 (1) mo.:—
| l. | s. | d. |
| 135 #sons, at 20l #heade, one peny in the pound, comes to 11l. 5s | 11 | 05 | 00 |
| 90 houses, at 2537l. 10s | 10 | 11 | 05 |
| Broaken land, 776 ac. at 1l # ac. 3l. 4s. 8d | 03 | 04 | 08 |
| Unbroaken land, 1084 ac. at 10s # ac. | 02 | 05 | 04 |
| Marsh land, 500 ac. at 10s # ac. | 01 | 01 | 08 |
| ffarr medowes, 258 ac. at 6s # ac. | 00 | 06 | 05 |
| 208 cowes, at 5l cow, 1040l | 04 | 06 | 08 |
| 42 three yearelings, at 4l # head, | 00 | 14 | 00 |
| 74 two yearelings, at 2l. 10s # head, | 00 | 15 | 05 |
| 79 one yearling, at 1l. 10s # heade, | 00 | 09 | 10 1/2 |
| 14 steers, at 5l # heade, | 00 | 05 | 10 |
| 131 oxen, at 6l. # heade, | 03 | 05 | 06 |
| 20 horse, at 7l. # heade, | 00 | 11 | 00 |
| 6 thre yearlings, at 5l # heade, | 00 | 02 | 06 |
| 9 two yearlings, at 3l. # heade, | 00 | 02 | 03 |
| 5 one yearelings, at 2l # heade, | 00 | 00 | 10 |
| 37 Sheepe at 1l. 10s # heade, | 00 | 04 | 07 1/2 |
| 62 swine, at 1l # heade, | 00 | 05 | 02 |
| 58 goates, at 8s # heade, | 00 | 01 | 11 |
| —— | —— | —— |
| total, 40l. 01s. 4d | 40 | 01 | 04 |
[
440]
| l | s. | d. |
| It.
More in a barke of Mr. Sparahauke, 50l. at peny #l. | 00 | 04 | 02 |
| More in goods of Mr. Tanners, 70l 10s. at peny #l. | 00 | 05 | 10 1/2 |
| a hoy of John Thrumbles at 50l. | 00 | 04 | 02 |
| Halfe a shallup of Bro. Hutchins, 5l. | 00 | 00 | 05 |
| It.
10 men to be added to there rate 3s. 4d. # heade, 1l. 13. 4 | 01 | 13 | 04 |
| —— | —— | —— |
| 02 | 07 | 11 1/2 |
| More, halfe a barke of Mr. Andrews, halfe come to a 140l | 00 | 11 | 06 |
| Halfe a boate, 2l | 00 | 00 | 02 |
| —— | —— | —— |
| 02 | 19 | 07 |
| 40 | 01 | 04 |
| —— | —— | —— |
| 43 | 00 | 11 1/2 |
| In Stocke 55l. 4s. 7d | 00 | 04 | 07 |
| In Sheepe, 3l. | 00 | 00 | 03 |
| —— | —— | —— |
| 43 | 05 | 09 1/2 |
Cambridge list of Persones and estates taken in the month of August, 1688.2
| persons. | | l. | s. | d. |
| 1 | Tho. Danforth Esqr person & estate is | 00 | 12 | 01 |
| 1 | Edmond Angier person & estat is | 00 | 05 | 03 |
| 1 | Samll: Gookin Esqr person & estate is | 00 | 04 | 11 |
| 1 | Lent.
Samll Green person & estate is | 00 | 02 | 06 |
| 3 | Nath: Hancock persons & estate is | 00 | 06 | 03 |
| 1 | Will: Barritt person & estate is | 00 | 04 | 03 |
| 2 | Arron Bordinan persons & estate is | 00 | 05 | 01 |
| 0 | Andrew Bordmans widdow estate | 00 | 01 | 03 |
| 1 | Joseph Cooledg person | 00 | 01 | 08 |
| 1 | Isacc Day person & estate is | 00 | 01 | 11 |
| 1 | Jonah Clarke person & estate is | 00 | 02 | 05 |
| 1 | Fetter Town person & estate is | 00 | 04 | 00 |
| 2 | Jonath Cane persons & estate is | 00 | 05 | 11 |
[
441]
[
442]
[
443]
[
444]
| | l. | s. | d. |
| 1 | Dauid ffisk senr person & estate is | 00 | 06 | 03 |
| 1 | Dauid ffisk junr person & estate is | 00 | 04 | 11 |
| 1 | Ephraim Winship person & estat | 00 | 05 | 06 |
| 1 | John Russell person & estate is | 00 | 04 | 08 |
| 1 | Phillip Gleesson person & estate | 00 | 02 | 01 |
| 3 | John Tidd persons & estate is | 00 | 09 | 08 |
| 1 | Phillip Russell person & estate is | 00 | 04 | 10 |
| 2 | Will: Munroe persons & estate is | 00 | 08 | 10 |
| 2 | Samll: Whittmore persons & estate | 00 | 07 | 00 |
| 2 | Beniamin Muzy persons & estate | 00 | 06 | 08 |
| 1 | Will: Reed person & estate is | 00 | 03 | 03 |
| 1 | Joseph Simons person & estate is | 00 | 04 | 11 |
| 1 | Will: Carly person & estate is | 00 | 02 | 10 |
| 1 | John Johnson person & estate is | 00 | 02 | 06 |
| 1 | Will: Johnson person & estate is | 00 | 02 | 01 |
| 1 | Samll: Winship person & estat is | 00 | 03 | 08 |
| | —— | —— | —— |
| No. persons 192 Total sum is | 37 | 02 | 11 |
The foregoing ‘List’ is endorsed ‘Cambridge Rate, £ 37. 2. 11.
Jacob Hill,
John Wythe,
Joseph Symons, Constables.’
Number of people in Cambridge, 1777.3
Between the Bridges4
[
445]
As far as Menotomy Bridge.
[
446]
Number of inhabitants on the South side of Charles River.
[
447]
| Thomas Thwing | 3 |
| Nathaniel Thwing | 6 |
| Nathaniel Clark | 2 |
| Jona.
Winship, whites | 12 |
| black, 1. |
| Mr. Cocklin | 9 |
| Ebenezer Seaver | 9 |
| Nathaniel Wilton | 3 |
| Caleb Coolidge | 3 |
| Ezekiel Comee | 5 |
| Samuel Champney | 4 |
| Daniel Dana | 4 |
| Mr. Wells | ^ |
| Benjamin Dana | 6 |
| Josiah Sanderson | 2 |
| Moses Robbins | 7 |
| John Stratton | 6 |
| Jonas White | 2 |
| Samuel Zeagars, white | 8 |
| blacks, 2. |
| Stephen Dana | 4 |
| Jonathan Park | 5 |
| Silas Robbins | 5 |
| Benjamin Faneuil, Esq., white | 4 |
| blacks, 3. |
| John Tudor, white | 4 |
| black, 1 |
| Thomas Sparhawk, Esq., white | 8 |
| black, 2. |
| James Robbins | 4 |
| Benjamin Hill | 7 |
| Phinehas Robbins | 6 |
| David Ross | 3 |
| Edmund Horton | 6 |
| Samuel Sparhawk | 10 |
| Edward Hastings, white | 7 |
| black, 1. |
| Moses Griggs | 6 |
| Maj. John Gardner, white | 8 |
| black, 2 |
| Ezra Comee | 5 |
| Michael Taylor | 3 |
The foregoing enumeration is preserved in the
City Clerk's Office.
It is manifest that, in the last section, the whole number of inhabitants is included, instead of ratable polls as in the first and second sections.
On a separate paper in the same file, this memorandum is found: ‘The whole number of polls on the south side of
Charles River in Little Cambridge, from sixteen years of age and upwards, 66 whites, 4 blacks.’
The whole number is:—
| In the Town, | 155 whites. | 9 blacks. |
| In Menotomy, | 122 whites. | 1 black. |
| South side of the River, Total, | 66 whites. | 4 blacks. |
| —— | —— |
| Total, | 343 whites. | 14 blacks. |
In 1781, a general valuation was taken of the property in the
Commonwealth, as the basis of a State tax. The Cambridge List was as follows
6:—
[
448]
| Value of Property. | Income. |
| £. | s. | d. | £. | s. | d. |
| 417 Polls |
| 229 Houses 100s. | | | | | 1145 | 00 |
| 246 Barns 30s. | | | | | 369 | 00 |
| 1 Stores, &c 40s. | | | | | 2 | 00 |
| 4 Distill-houses, Mills, &c. 80s. | | | | | 16 |
| 1446 Acres of English mowing 14s. | | | | | 1012 | 04 |
| 1003 Barrels of Cyder 3s. | | | | | 165 | 09 |
| 777 Acres of Tillage land 11s. | | | | | 427 | 07 |
| 1402 Acres of salt and fresh meadow 6s. | | | | | 420 | 12 |
| 3523 Acres of Pasturing 4s. | | | | | 704 | 12 |
| 1185 Acres of wood and unimproved land 80s. | 2 per cent. | | | | 94 | 16 |
| £ 6619 Money on interest and on hand | | | | | 397 | 02 |
| £ 990 Amount of goods, wares, and merchandise | 990 | 00 | 00 |
| 219 Horses £6 | 1314 | 00 | 00 |
| 187 Oxen £7 | 1309 | 00 | 00 |
| 624 Cows £4 | 2496 | 00 | 00 |
| 258 Sheep and Goats 6s. | 77 | 08 | 00 |
| 131 Swine 12s. | 78 | 12 | 00 |
| £ 650 Coaches, chaise, &c | 650 | 00 | 00 |
| 20 Ounces of gold, coined or not coined | 101 | 06 | 08 |
| 1495 Ounces of silver, coined or not coined | 498 | 06 | 08 |
List of voters,7 March 18. 1822.
Abbot,
James.
Abbot, Joseph.
Adams, Isaac.
Allen, Edward F.
Ames,
Simon.
Appleton, John.
Ayres,
James.
Alexander,
Henry.
Bangs, Isaiah.
Bardwell, Seth.
Barker, John.
Barker, Mark.
Barton, Charles.
Bates, Jacob H.
Bates, William.
Beers, Joseph.
Bent,
Newell.
Bigelow,
Benjamin.
Bigelow, Thaddeus B.
Biglow, Abraham.
Boardman,
Andrew.
Boardman, John.
Boardman, William.
Bos worth, Isaac.
Bowman,
Benjamin.
Brackett, John.
Brackett, Joseph.
Bradford, Gamaliel L.
Bray man,
Daniel P.
Brigham,
Lincoln.
Brigham,
Taylor.
Brooks,
Cyrus.
Brown, Edward.
Brown, William.
Bruce, Abel W.
Bruce,
Chandler.
Bruce, Sylvanus.
Bryant, Amos.
Burridge, Joseph.
Burrows,
James.
Butler, Aaron.
Brooks, Calvin.
Bogle, William.
Barnard, Alpha.
Barnard, Silas.
Baker, George.
Baxter,
Valentine.
Cambridge,
Frederick.
Carpenter,
Benjamin.
Chamberlin, Ephraim.
Chamberlin, John.
Chaplin,
James P.
Cheney, Artemas.
Child,
James.
Child, Oliver L.
Child, Samuel.
Clark, John.
Cole, John.
Cole, Richard G.
Cook, John.
Coolidge,
Flavel.
Coolidge, Josiah.
Coolidge, Nathaniel.
Cox, Samuel.
Cox, Samuel, Jr.
Crafts, Joseph.
Craggin, John.
Crane, Nathan.
Curtis,
Daniel T.
Cutler, Samuel.
Cutler, Samuel B.
Cutter,
Nehemiah.
[
449]
Cutter,
William F.
Carter, George.
Child, Nathan.
Carter, Nathan C.
Clark,
Hosea.
Clark, Horace.
Daley, David.
Dana, Edmund T.
Dana, Joseph.
Dana, Joseph, Jr.
Dana, Richard H.
Dane, Joseph.
Danforth,
Otis.
Dascomb,
Daniel.
Davenport, John.
Davis, Asa.
Davis, Eliphalet.
Derby,
Loring.
Dickson, Edward.
Ditson,
Thomas.
Dodge, John.
Dowse,
Thomas.
Dudley, Ephraim.
Dunbar, Alpheus.
Dana, Francis W.
Dudley, John.
Ditson, William.
Edwards, Abraham.
Edwards, John.
Emmet, William.
Everett, Charles.
Everett, William.
Ellis,
Benjamin.
Fairfield,
Barney.
Farrington, Isaac.
Far well, Levi.
Faulkner, Francis E.
Fay, Samuel P. P.
Felsit, Harry.
Fillebrown, Richard.
Fisher, Jabez.
Fisk, Nathan.
Fisk,
Rufus.
Fisk, William.
Fogg, Ebenezer.
Ford, Jonathan W.
Ford, Simeon.
Foster, John.
Foster, Joseph.
Foster,
Thomas.
Freeman, John.
Frost James.
Frost,
James, 2d.
Frost, William.
Fuller, J. N.
Fuller,
Oliver.
Fuller, Robert.
Fuller, Timothy.
Ford,
Thomas.
Farrar, Jacob.
Fairbanks, Silas.
Fay, Isaac.
Gary, Jonathan.
Gay,
Lusher.
Gideon, John.
Gilson, Asa.
Gilson, Simeon.
Goddard,
Benjamin.
Goddard,
Daniel.
Goddard, John.
Goddard, Nathaniel.
Goddard,
Thomas.
Goodenow,
Daniel.
Gookin,
Squire.
Gookin,
Thomas T.
Gordon, Charles.
Gorham,
Benjamin.
Gould, Camaralzaman.
Grant, Abraham.
Gray,
Benjamin.
Gray, Lewis.
Green, John.
Green, Samuel S.
Green,
Zaccheus.
Greenwood,
Henry.
Gibbs, John.
Gray, Samuel.
Goodhue, Nathaniel.
Gannett,
Thomas B.
Hadley, Israel.
Hagar, Jonathan.
Hall, Jesse.
Hancock, Samuel.
Hancock, Solomon.
Hancock,
Torrey.
Harlow, Asaph.
Harlow, Joshua.
Harris,
Benjamin.
Harris,
Leonard.
Harris, Samuel.
Hastings, Charles.
Hastings, Edmund T.
Hastings, John, Jr.
Hastings, Joseph.
Hastings, Samuel.
Hay den, John.
Hayden, John C.
Hayden, Lot.
Hearsey, Jonathan.
Hale, Stephen.
Hall,
Prentice.
Holmes, Abiel.
Hearsey, Jonathan, Jr.
Hemenway,
Luke.
Higginson, Stephen, Jr
Hill,
Benjamin.
Hill, John.
Hill, Joseph.
Hill,
Thomas.
Hilliard, Abraham.
Hilliard, William.
Hammond,
Shaw B.
Holmes, Joseph.
Hosmer, Josiah.
Hovey, Ebenezer.
Hovey, Josiah.
Hovey, Phinehas B.
Hovey, Samuel.
Hovey,
Thomas, Jr.
Hovey, William.
Howe, Joseph N., Jr.
Hunnewell, Charles.
Hunnewell,
Leonard.
Hunnewell, William.
Hyde, Jonathan.
Howe, Artemas W.
Henley, Charles.
Hayden,
Caleb.
Hastings,
Thomas.
Hastings,
Thomas, Jr.
Ireland, Nathaniel.
Jackson, Jonathan.
Jacobs, Bela.
Jewell,
Benjamin.
Jarvis,
Deming.
Jennings,
Gilbert.
Jennison, Timothy L.
Johnson, Jonas.
Johnson, Josiah.
Jennings, Joseph.
Johnson, William.
Johnson,
Moses.
Jewell,
Gilman.
[
450]
Jordan, Sylvanus.
Keating,
Oliver.
Keyes, Ephraim.
Keyes, Joshua.
Kidder, Samuel.
Kidder, Samuel, Jr.
Kimball,
Henry.
Kimball, Isaac.
King, George.
King, Horatio.
King, Lemuel.
Kuhn, George.
Kimball, Joseph.
Lawrence, Jonas.
Leach,
Thomas.
Learned,
Benjamin G.
Leathe, William.
Lee,
Thomas.
Lenox, Charles.
Lewis,
Adam.
Litchfield,
Roland.
Liverniore, David.
Livermore, David, Jr.
Livermore, Isaac.
Livermore,
Marshall.
Livermore, Nathaniel.
Livermore,
Oliver.
Lord, Joseph H.
Lyon, John.
Lowell, Charles.
Lyon, Isaac.
Lyon,
Leonard,
Lord, Joseph W.
Lovell, Joshua.
Lyman, Samuel F.
Lake, Robert.
Leonard,
Thomas.
Linscott, Samuel.
Lowden, George.
Makepeace, Royal.
Manning, Samuel.
Man son,
Frederick.
Marcy,
Marvin.
Marshall, Josiah N.
Mason, Alphonso.
Mason, Josiah.
Mason, Josiah, Jr.
Mason, Samuel.
Mason,
Thomas.
Mason, Walter R.
Mclntire, Charles.
Meacham, George.
Mellen, John.
Meriam, William.
Merritt, Gamaliel.
Messenger,
Henry.
Metcalf, Eliab W.
Metcalf,
Thomas.
Miranda, John.
Mixer, Josiah.
Mixter, Amos.
Mixter, Joshua.
Moore,
Luke.
Moore,
Lyman.
Morse, Calvin.
Morse,
Cyrus.
Morse,
Daniel.
Morse, Royal.
Mumler, George F.
Munroe, Amos.
Munroe, Edmund.
Munroe,
James.
Munroe, Nathaniel.
Murdock, Asa.
Murdock, Robert.
Mycall, John.
Martin, Samuel.
Mallard, George.
Mclntire, Jonathan.
Mallard, David.
Manning, Samuel, Jr.
Miller, Joel.
Meacham, Albert.
Nevens, Elijah.
Newton, Abraham.
Noble, George.
Nowell,
Henry.
Norton,
Henry.
Nowell, Mark.
Nowell,
James.
Oakes, Josiah.
Oliver, David.
Orcutt, Levi.
Odin, David.
Oliver,
Daniel.
Orcutt,
Henry.
Orne, John G.
Page, Jacob.
Page, Jonathan.
Palmer, John.
Parker, Aaron.
Parker, Thomas L.
Parks,
Leonard.
Parks,
Leonard, Jr.
Parmenter, William.
Peirce, Abijah H.
Penn, William.
Pickett, Samuel.
Pond, Samuel.
Porter, Israel.
Porter, Joseph.
Prentiss,
Caleb.
Prentiss,
Ellis.
Prentiss, Jonathan C.
Putnam, Artemas.
Page, Isaac.
Pay son, Samuel.
Pay son, Samuel, Jr.
Peirce, Artemas.
Peirce, Joseph.
Pitts, Edmund.
Pratt,
Dexter.
Priest, Jonathan.
Palmer, Nathan.
Rand,
Benjamin.
Read,
James.
Read, Joel.
Read, Joseph S.
Read,
Lawrence.
Reed,
Enos.
Reemie,
Marcus.
Reney, William L.
Reynolds, Nathaniel S
Rice, Charles.
Rice, Joseph W.
Richards, Edward.
Richardson, Augustus.
Richardson, Loa.
Rindge, Samuel.
Roberts,
Rufus.
Ruggles, John.
Rule,
James.
Russell, Nathan.
Russell, John.
Rand,
James.
Richards,
Sullivan.
Robertson, John.
Roulston, George.
Roundy,
Oliver.
Rumrill, Joseph.
Russell, Phinehas.
Roby, Ebenezer.
Sales, Francis.
[
451]
Saunders, Richard.
Saunders, William.
Sawin, Joshua.
Sawyer,
Franklin.
Sawyer, Samuel F.
Scott, Ebenezer B.
Scott, Nathaniel.
Seaver, Richard.
Short,
Thomas W.
Skinner,
Benjamin.
Slocomb,
Emmons.
Smith,
Billings.
Smith, Jacob.
Smith, Ralph.
Soper,
Frederick.
South wick, Simeon.
Stearns, Asahel.
Stebbins,
Smith.
Stedman, Ebenezer.
Stedman, Samuel.
Stevens,
Atherton H.
Stimson,
James.
Stimson, Royal.
Stone, Abraham.
Stone,
Daniel.
Stone, William F.
Snyder, John.
Sherman, Abraham P.
Sherman,
Prentice.
Snow, Joseph.
Summers, Samuel S.
Stevens, Alexander.
Stone, Ezra.
Studley, George.
Tarbell, John.
Tarbell,
Samson.
Teel, Ammi C.
Thayer, Richard.
Tidd, John.
Thayer, Cephas P.
Train, Isaac.
Trowbridge, John.
Tufts, Peter, Jr.
Tupper, Hiram.
Tainter, William C.
Taylor,
Daniel G.
Taylor,
Coffin.
Taylor, David G.
Tilley, John.
Tirrell, Ebenezer.
Turner,
Barnabas.
Valentine, Elijah F.
Walton, Charles.
Walton, John.
Walton, John, 2d.
Ward,
Winthrop.
Wads worth, Ira.
Ware, Galen.
Warland, John.
Warland,
Thomas.
Warland, William.
Waterhouse,
Benjamin.
Waters,
Thomas.
Watson, Jacob.
Watson, Samuel.
Watson, Samuel, 2d.
Wetherbee, Jeremiad
Weld, John.
Wellington, Joel.
Wheeler, Edward.
Wheeler, John.
Whipple, William J.
Whitney, Abel.
Whitney,
Zaccheus.
Wilde,
Daniel.
Willard, Abel.
Willard, Charles.
Williams, Amasa.
Williams, John.
Winthrop, William.
Worcester, Joseph E
Wyeth, Jacob.
Wyeth, Job.
Wyeth, Jonas.
Wyeth, Jonas, 2d.
White,
Sewall.
Wheelock, L. J.
Walker, Edward.
Winchester, William
Wells,
Thomas.
Warner, Stephen.
Wallace,
James.
Whitney, Stephen.
Woodbury, John.
Wyeth, Stephen.
Wyman, William.
York, Uriah.
For nearly two hundred years after its foundation,
Cambridge increased very slowly in population and wealth.
Most of the inhabitants were employed in agriculture and ordinary handicraft.
The ‘
New England Glass Company,’ established about 1814, and sundry ‘soap factories,’ represented almost the entire manufacturing interest of the town.
The
College gave employment to several professors, mechanics, and boarding-house keepers; and there was a competent supply of professional men and retail traders.
In those early days the municipal affairs were very economically administered.
The school-houses and other public buildings were few and inexpensive; the streets and sidewalks were neglected and unlighted; thorough sewerage was unknown; the members of the fire department were volunteers; and the police consisted of one constable in each of the three
[
452]
principal villages.
As the result of this self-denying system, the inhabitants enjoyed a grateful immunity from excessive taxation.
In 1830 (near the close of the second century of its corporate existence), with 1,514 polls, and property valued at $3,061,570, the town levied a tax of 18,387.88, at the rate of $2.26 on $1,000, to defray its current expenses.
Even in 1840, the rate was only $2.77 on $1,000; but in that year the
Committee on Finance uttered a warning voice against a ruinous system, then recently introduced: ‘There has been expended within the last six years $40,000 more than has been raised by taxation.’
The town debt was then $36,600; it reached its highest point, $41,527.41, in 1842; after which it was reduced to $22,000 in 1846, when the town became a city.
Meantime, an increase of population and wealth commenced, which from year to year became more rapid.
Various manufactures were introduced, giving employment to many workmen.
Merchants, mechanics, and others, transacting business in
Boston, adopted
Cambridge as a residence.
With this increase came naturally a demand for public improvements and increased expenditures.
Unwisely, instead of postponing such improvements, or making them gradually and paying for them when made, the policy was adopted of making them rapidly and extensively, and providing for the expense by the creation of a City Debt.
The following tables exhibit the increase of population and wealth, and the much larger increase of taxation and debt.
Population.8
| 1765, | 1,571. |
| 1776, | 1,586. |
| 1790, | 2,115. |
| 1800, | 2,453. |
| 1810, | 2,323.9 |
| 1820, | 3,295. |
| 1830, | 6,072. |
| 1840, | 8,409. |
| 1845, | 12,490. |
| 1850, | 15,215. |
| 1860, | 26,060. |
| 1865, | 29,112. |
| 1870, | 39,634. |
| 1875, | 47,838. |
[
453]
| Polls. | Valuation. | Rate per $1,000. | City Tax. | City Debt. |
| 1846 | 3,224 | $9,312,481 | $5.00 | $46,122.59 | $22,000.00 |
| 1847 | 3,387 | 9,806,539 | 5.40 | 52,760.08 | 43,861.27 |
| 1848 | 3,639 | 10,476,230 | 5.50 | 55,967.53 | 51,661.27 |
| 1849 | 3,720 | 10,667,272 | 6.30 | 64,964.79 | 63,661.27 |
| 1850 | 3,436 | 11,469,618 | 6.30 | 68,809.16 | 91,661.27 |
| 1851 | 4,010 | 12,392,440 | 6.30 | 73,478.70 | 116,780.27 |
| 1852 | 4,044 | 13,175,257 | 7.50 | 94,252.19 | 134,800.00 |
| 1853 | 4,298 | 13,599,360 | 6.50 | 82,522.26 | 147,903.68 |
| 1854 | 4,648 | 15,437,100 | 7.10 | 108,604.53 | 146,600.00 |
| 1855 | 4,277 | 16,111,700 | 7.60 | 110,941.73 | 134,100.00 |
| 1856 | 4,806 | 18,038,650 | 7.70 | 125,790.88 | 207,100.00 |
| 1857 | 5,323 | 20,148,150 | 8.00 | 140,892.05 | 240,692.00 |
| 1858 | 4,974 | 20,261,850 | 9.10 | 175,652.74 | 250,692.00 |
| 1859 | 5,572 | 20,603,000 | 8.60 | 168,415.93 | 237,092.00 |
| 1860 | 5,629 | 21,280,700 | 9.00 | 182,977.40 | 257,508.40 |
| 1861 | 5,990 | 21,687,700 | 9.50 | 188,940.08 | 250,670.07 |
| 1862 | 5,615 | 21,527,100 | 10.00 | 169,974.72 | 501,224.28 |
| 1863 | 5,775 | 22,549,200 | 11.00 | 189,702.92 | 603,736.28 |
| 1864 | 6,289 | 23,271,500 | 11.50 | 210,969.23 | 830,236.28 |
| 1865 | 6,594 | 26,085,900 | 15.00 | 267,724.60 | 853,092.00 |
| 1866 | 7,253 | 28,385,700 | 13.20 | 293,562.40 | 871,092.00 |
| 1867 | 7,807 | 31,853,500 | 15.30 | 351,282.98 | 1,161,900.22 |
| 1868 | 8,196 | 34,093,800 | 13.80 | 413,214.43 | 1,262,072.01 |
| 1869 | 8,933 | 39,210,900 | 14.00 | 478,136.10 | 1,389,082.50 |
| 1870 | 9,435 | 43,097,200 | 14.00 | 533,544.40 | 1,671,072.40 |
| 1871 | 10,323 | 46,859,800 | 15.60 | 674,808.92 | 1,970,082.40 |
| 1872 | 10,867 | 55,248,350 | 12.00 | 592,165.46 | 2,184,584.42 |
| 1873 | 11,687 | 62,421,215 | 13.50 | 741,500.00 | 3,126,656.91 |
| 1874 | 11,983 | 66,576,671 | 12.50 | 757,508.36 | 4,399,066.02 |
| 1875 | 11,983 | 66,623,415 | 17.00 | 1,060,396.52 | 4,676,360.73 |
Of this debt $1,395,200 represents what is styled the
Water Loan, which the income of the Water Works is expected gradually to extinguish; and $25,000 represents certain perpetual funds, on which interest only is to be paid.
These two sums being deducted, there remains—
| A balance of outstanding debt | $3,256,160.73 |
| For the payment of this debt, Sinking Funds are provided, amounting nominally to | 605,011.99 |
| —————— |
| Balance to be provided for by taxation | $2,651,148.74 |
A more particular statement of the debt, at the close of the financial year, 1876, is made in the
Mayor's Address, Jan. 1, 1877:—
The total debt of the
City, November 20, 1876, is shown by the following exhibit:—
[
454]
| Note of the City | $30,000.00 |
| City Bonds | 3,186,000.00 |
| | —————— |
| | | $3,216,000.00 |
| Daniel White Charity | 5,000.00 |
| Trust Funds | Dowse Institute | 10,000.00 |
| Sanders Temperance Fund | 10,000.00 |
| | ———— |
| | | 25,000.00 |
| State and County Tax | | 84,426.47 |
| Unpaid approved bills | | 3,883.08 |
| Unpaid interest, due . | | 565.00 |
| Water Loan | | 1,500,300.00 |
| | | ————— |
| Gross amount of outstanding debts | | $4,830,174.55 |
Towards the payment of this debt there was, November 30, 1876, in the hands of the—
| Commissioners of the Sinking Funds of the City (not including the premium— $14,080.00—paid on securities purchased for investment of the funds, as has been the custom heretofore | 531,945.85 |
| Trustees of the Sinking Funds of the Cambridge Water Works, June 30, 1876 | 179,441.33 |
| City Treasurer, cash | 27,157.58 |
| ————— |
| 738,544.76 |
| ————— |
| Leaving the total net debt of the City November 30, 1876, | $4,091,629.79 |
Deducting the
Water Loans from the net amount of debt, as before stated, we have as
| The real Municipal Debt, November 30, 1876, for which provision must be made by taxation | $2,770,771.12 |
‘To pay the interest, and provide for the
Sinking Funds upon this portion of the debt, there must be raised by taxation this year the sum of $188,162.50 for interest, and $155,265.00 for the Sinking Fund, making a total of $343,427.50, equal to more than $5.50 per thousand on the valuation of the
City, as determined last year.’
[
455]
Manufactures and related Occupations.
| names of Industries. | Number of Establishments. | Capital Invested. | Value of Goods made and work done |
| manufactures |
| Artists' Materials | 2 | $400 | $2,675 |
| Barrels | 1 | 30,000 | 20,100 |
| Barrels and Harnesses | 2 | 57,500 | 56,650 |
| Boats | 1 | 2,500 | 18,000 |
| Boilers, Tanks, etc | 2 | 55,000 | 180,550 |
| Boots and Shoes | 7 | 3,150 | 9,135 |
| Bookbinding | 2 | 72,000 | 435,300 |
| Book and Pamphlet Printing | 3 | 420,000 | 5,51,000 |
| Bread, Cake, and Pastry | 13 | 46,800 | 261,222 |
| Bricks | 7 | 513,000 | 249,275 |
| Brittania Ware, Stationers' Hardware, etc | 1 | 30,000 | 33,000 |
| Brooms | 2 | 1,500 | 9,375 |
| Brushes | 3 | 90,000 | 221,000 |
| Buildings | 8 | 1,05,000 | 377,500 |
| Carriages, Wagons, Sleighs, etc | 9 | 55,500 | 83,885 |
| Car Springs | 1 | 6,000 | 12,000 |
| Car Wheels | 1 | 20,000 | 34,000 |
| Cigars | 12 | 12,300 | 49,978 |
| Clothing, Men's | 6 | 14,550 | 79,900 |
| Coffins, Robes, etc | 2 | 100,500 | 175,350 |
| Collars and Cuffs, Paper | 1 | 140,000 | 550,000 |
| Confectionery and Ice Cream | 5 | 22,081 | 131,375 |
| Cordage | 3 | 650 | 9 700 |
| Crackers | 2 | 92,000 | 500,000 |
| Diaries | 1 | 1,30,000 | 1,50,000 |
| Drain Pipe, Chimney-Tops, etc | 1 | 10,000 | 75,000 |
| Earthenware | 2 | 60,700 | 60,000 |
| Engine Polish, Boiler Composition, etc | 1 | 500 | 5,000 |
| Fishing Rods | 1 | 50 | 1,050 |
| Furniture, House, Church, and Office | 10 | 150,300 | 616,837 |
| Furnace Registers and Borders | 1 | 3,000 | 8,725 |
| Gas | 1 | 950,000 | 248,100 |
| Glass Ware | 2 | 500,000 | 370,500 |
| Glass Syringes, Tubes, etc | 1 | 500 | 5,000 |
| Hardware | 1 | 10,000 | 15,750 |
| Hats and Bonnets, Women's | 1 | 500 | 800 |
| Ice | 2 | 125 000 | 32,500 |
| Iron Castings | 1 | 10,000 | 40000 |
| Iron, Rolled | 1 | 160,000 | 420000 |
| Ladders, Steps, Clothes-Driers, etc | 2 | 15,000 | 10,500 |
| Leather | 5 | 1,10,000 | 605,646 |
| Lumber, Planed, etc | 1 | 10,000 | 50,000 |
| Machinery | 4 | 386,000 | 480 493 |
| Mats, Door | 1 | 4,000 | 8,000 |
| Medicines, Proprietary | 2 | 108,000 | 170,000 |
| Monuments, Mantels, Tablets, etc | 7 | 91,500 | 138,080 |
| Mouldings, Brackets, Boxes, etc | 3 | 265,000 | 231,000 |
| Newspapers, Magazines, etc | 6 | 35,000 | 103,600 |
| Oil Clothing and Water-proof Hats | 1 | 9,000 | 35,000 |
[
456]
Manufactures and Belated Occupations—(Continued.)
| names of Industries | Number of Establishments | Capital Invested | Value of Goods made and Work done |
| Oleomargarine and Stearine | 1 | 50,000 | 69,000 |
| Organs, Cabinet and Church | 3 | 571,000 | 1,036,000 |
| Patterns, Wooden | 1 | 200 | 1,000 |
| Photographs | 1 | 5,000 | 15,000 |
| Piano-fortes | 1 | 10,000 | 6,060 |
| Piano-forte Actions | 2 | 12,000 | 33,200 |
| Piano and Organ Key-boards | 1 | 33,000 | 137,604 |
| Piano Taborets | 1 | 400 | 4,000 |
| Picture-Frames | 3 | 5,300 | 10,700 |
| Pocket Books | 1 | 1,000 | 6,195 |
| Printing, Job | 3 | 21,000 | 27,500 |
| Pumps, Wooden | 1 | 300 | 250 |
| Roofing Cement | 2 | 6,000 | 17,500 |
| Rum | 1 | 45,000 | 199,347 |
| Sausages | 3 | 5,500 | 31,000 |
| Shirts, Cuffs, and Collars | 1 | 550 | 7,500 |
| Shirts, Overalls, and Jumpers | 1 | 1,000 | 4,000 |
| Slippers | 1 | 10,000 | 120000 |
| Soap, Tallow, and Candles | 9 | 168,500 | 928,800 |
| Spring Beds and Cots | 2 | 18,000 | 51,300 |
| Stair Rails, Balusters, etc. | 2 | 4,500 | 22,550 |
| Steel Engravings | I | 2,000 | 4,000 |
| Sugar, Refined | 1 | - | 4,000,000 |
| Telescopes | 1 | 20,000 | 10,000 |
| Tinware | 5 | 204,850 | 321,068 |
| Trunks and Valises | 1 | 3,000 | 14,800 |
| Tools, for Ice Cutting | 2 | 4,500 | 9,790 |
| Wood, sawed and turned | 1 | 65,000 | 80,000 |
| Washstands and Woodwork for Sewing-machines | 1 | 700 | 1,550 |
| Whips | 1 | 300 | 1,200 |
| Occupations |
| Bell-hanging | 1 | 100 | 800 |
| Blacksmithing | 23 | 25,815 | 102,262 |
| Bookbinding | 1 | 500 | 5,000 |
| Building Moving | 2 | 4,000 | 11,999 |
| Butchering | 1 | 5,000 | 200,000 |
| Cabinet Making and Repairing | 1 | - | 400 |
| Carpentry and Joinery | 26 | 25,760 | 182,070 |
| Carpet, Feather, and Hair Cleansing | 1 | 4,600 | 4,300 |
| Carriage Trimming | 4 | 325 | 2,750 |
| Carriage Painting | 7 | 2,700 | 9,600 |
| Carnage Smithing | 4 | 2,300 | 10,500 |
| Chair, Cane-seating | 5 | 98 | 1,100 |
| Clock Repairing | 4 | 110 | 1,500 |
| Clothes Cleaning, etc | 6 | 50 | 1,930 |
| Clothing, repairing and remodelling | 9 | 4,025 | 7,342 |
| Coat Making | 1 | | 800 |
| Cobbling | 36 | 4,745 | 26,463 |
| Coffin and Casket Trimming | 1 | 6,000 | 9,000 |
| Coopering | 2 | 4,500 | 55,000 |
| Drain Building | 2 | 12,000 | 26,773 |
| Dressmaking | 6 | 190 | 5,050 |
| Fruit Preserving | 1 | 25,000 | 12,000 |
| Funeral Wreath Preserving | 1 | 25 | 300 |
| Furniture Repairing | 6 | 720 | 2,850 |
| Fur Skin Dyeing | 1 | 50 | 250 |
[
457]
Manufactures and related Occupations—(Continued).
| names of Industries. | Number of Establishments. | Capital Invested. | Value of Goods made and Work done. |
| Gilding | 1 | 100 | 500 |
| Glazing | 6 | 150 | 2,000 |
| Ham Curing | 1 | 5,000 | 25,000 |
| Hair Work, etc | 2 | - | 850 |
| Harness and Saddle Repairing | 10 | 4,600 | 18,830 |
| Horseshoeing | 4 | 1,700 | 13,800 |
| House Painting | 8 | 8,500 | 54,925 |
| House and Sign Painting | 1 | 200 | 2,500 |
| Japanning | 1 | - | 200 |
| Jewelry Repairing | 8 | 330 | 1,790 |
| Lard Rendering | 1 | 15,000 | 35,000 |
| Locksmithing and Bell-hanging | 2 | 1,200 | 2,700 |
| Machinists' Work | 2 | 10,500 | 35,000 |
| Machine Stitching and Sewing | 3 | 75 | 320 |
| Masoning | 5 | 6,300 | 44,274 |
| Marble finishing | 1 | 3,000 | 8,000 |
| Marble Sawing | 1 | 3,000 | 7,500 |
| Millinery Work | 9 | 1,750 | 10,238 |
| Organ-pipe Making and Repairing | 1 | 200 | 1,500 |
| Painting | 9 | 7,750 | 39,500 |
| Paper and Wood Hanging | 6 | 6,230 | 6,327 |
| Paving | 1 | 75,000 | 135,000 |
| Photographing | 1 | 800 | 1,800 |
| Piano Hammer Covering | 1 | 500 | 6,000 |
| Picture Framing | 1 | 300 | 750 |
| Plastering | 5 | 250 | 8,945 |
| Plumbing | 12 | 25,070 | 80,946 |
| Roofing | 5 | 19,500 | 43,200 |
| Sign Painting | 3 | 110 | 1,320 |
| Stair Building | 1 | 1,000 | 6000 |
| Steam and Gas Fitting | 6 | 7,350 | 12,800 |
| Stone Cutting and Dressing | 4 | 24,000 | 95,000 |
| Tailoring | 2 | 500 | 2,200 |
| Tinsmithing | 16 | 21,150 | 67,246 |
| Upholstering | 7 | 15,575 | 76,250 |
| Varnishing and Polishing | 2 | 1,400 | 600 |
| Watch Repairing | 10 | 2,120 | 8,450 |
| Wheelwrighting | 9 | 6,100 | 14,300 |
| Whitening and Coloring | 4 | 50 | 1,450 |
| Aggregates |
| Manufactures (goods made) | 211 | $6,033,081 | $15,229,765 |
| Occupations (work done) | 321 | 383473 | 1,561,555 |
| —— | ————— | ————— |
| 536 | $6,686,554 | $16,971,320 |
[
458]
Agricultural Products.
11
| | Amount | Value |
| Apples | bush | 50 | $50 |
| Beans, String and Shell | bush | 300 | 300 |
| Beets | bush | 200 | 100 |
| Cabbage | heads | 6,500 | 300 |
| Carrots | bush | 100 | 50 |
| Corn, green | bush | 90 | 80 |
| Flowers, Leaves, and Vines, cut | | - | 25,000 |
| Fodder, com | tons | 2 | 40 |
| Grapes | bush | 6 | 24 |
| Hay, English | tons | 36 | 800 |
| Hay, meadow | tons | 9 | 136 |
| Hay, salt | tons | 20 | 300 |
| Lettuce | heads, | 2,000 | 40 |
| Melons | | 1,000 | 100 |
| Milk | gals | 2 400 | 600 |
| Onions | bush , | 185 | 200 |
| Parsnip | bush, | 150 | 100 |
| Pears | bush, | 2,900 | 7,200 |
| Pease green | bush | 75 | 100 |
| Peppers | bush | 30 | 30 |
| Plants flowering and other, in greenhouses | | - | 21,800 |
| Potatoes, Irish | bush, | 275 | 260 |
| Raddish | b'ches | 3 000 | 150 |
| Raspberries | qts | 1,150 | 210 |
| Shubbery in nurseries | | 10 000 | 5,000 |
| Squashes | lbs | 18 000 | 375 |
| Tomatoes | bush | 400 | 200 |
| Trees fruits, in nurseries | | 15,000 | 15,000 |
| Trees Ornamental, in nurseries | | 40 000 | 5 000 |
| Turnips | bush | 100 | 30 |
| Vines in nurseries | | 6 000 | 3,500 |
| Aggregates |
| Hay 65 tons | - | $1,236 |
| Other Agricultural Products | - | 85 839 |
| | ——— |
| | $87,075 |
