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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 16 16 Browse Search
Xenophon, Hellenica (ed. Carleton L. Brownson) 9 9 Browse Search
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome 2 2 Browse Search
Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics (ed. H. Rackham) 1 1 Browse Search
Diodorus Siculus, Library 1 1 Browse Search
Isaeus, Speeches 1 1 Browse Search
Isocrates, Speeches (ed. George Norlin) 1 1 Browse Search
Plato, Hippias Major, Hippias Minor, Ion, Menexenus, Cleitophon, Timaeus, Critias, Minos, Epinomis 1 1 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith). You can also browse the collection for 392 BC or search for 392 BC in all documents.

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aces this B. C. 411, and the whole subject is very uncertain. 419. † Peace (e)n a)/stei). Second prize; Eupolis first. 414. Amphiaraus. (Lenaea.) Second prize. † Birds (e)n a)/stei), second prize; Ameipsias first; Phrynichus third. Second campaign in Sicily. *Gewrgoi/ (?). Exhibited in the time of Nicias. (Plut. Nic. 100.8.) 411. † Lysistrata. † Thesmophoriazusae. During the Oligarchy. 408. † First Plutus. 405. † Frogs. (Lenaea.) First prize; Phrynicus second; Plato third. Death of Sophocles. 392. † Ecclesiazusae. Corinthian war. 388. Second edition of the Plutus. The last two comedies of Aristophanes were the Aeolosicon and Cocalus, produced about B. C. 387 (date of the peace of Antalcidas) by Araros, one of his sons. The first was a parody on the Aeolus of Euripides, the name being compounded of Aeolus and Sicon, a famous cook. (Rheinisches Museum, 1828, p. 50.) The second was probably a similar parody of a poem on the death of Minos, said to have been killed by Cocalus, ki
recently entered on the inheritance. (Athen. 5.218c.) In B. C. 400, he was engaged in the attempt to crush Andocides by a charge of profanation, in having placed a supplicatory bough on the altar of the temple at Eleusis during the celebration of the mysteries (Andoc. de Myst. § 110, &c.); and, if we may believe the statement of the accused, the bough was placed there by Callias himself, who was provoked at having been thwarted by Andocides in a very disgraceful and profligate attempt. In B. C. 392, we find him in command of the Athenian heavy-armed troops at Corinth on the occasion of the famous defeat of the Spartan Mora by Iphicrates. (Xen. Hell. 4.5.13.) He was hereditary proxenus of Sparta, and, as such, was chosen as one of the envoys empowered to negotiate peace with that state in B. C. 371, on which occasion Xenophon reports an extremely absurd and self-glorifying speech of his (Hell. 6.3.2, &c., comp. 5.4.22.) A vain and silly dilettante, an extravagant and reckless profliga
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Capitoli'nus, Ma'nlius 4. M. Manlius Capitolinus, T. F. A. N., the famous deliverer of the Capitol from the Gauls, was consul in B. C. 392 with L. Valerius Potitus. An insignificant war was carried on in that year against the Aequians, for which Manlius was honoured with an ovation, and his colleague with a triumph. Rome was visited at the time by a pestilence, and as the two consuls were seized with it, they were obliged to abdicate, and an interreign followed. In B. C. 390, when the Gauls one night endeavoured to ascend the Capitol, Manlius, whose residence was on the Capitol, was roused from his sleep by the cackling of the geese, and on discovering the cause of it, he and as many men as he could collect at the moment hastened to the spot where the Gauls were ascending, and succeeded in repelling them. This gallant and successful deed was rewarded the next day by the assembled people with all the simple and rude honours and distinctions which were customary at the time. He is said
but by the exhaustion resulting from the war, in consequence of which the choruses could not be maintained with their ancient splendour. We even find a play of Cratinus without Chorus or Parabasis, namely, the *)Odussei=s, but this was during the 85th Olympiad, when the above-mentioned law was in force. The old comedy, having thus declined, was at length brought to an end by the attacks of the dithyrambic poet Cinesias, and of Agyrrhius, and was succeeded by the Middle Comedy (about B. C. 393-392; Meineke, pp. 42, 43). Influence on the outward form of comedy Besides what Cratinus did to give a new character and power to comedy, he is said to have made changes in its outward form, so as to bring it into better order, especially by fixing the number of actors, which had before been indefinite, at three. (Anon. de Com. p. xxxii.) On the other hand, however, Aristotle says, that no one knew who made this and other such changes. (Poet. 5.4.) Character of Cratinus The character of Cra
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Diony'sius or Diony'sius the Elder or the Elder Diony'sius (search)
ut a leader, were quickly dispersed. (Diod. 14.41-76.) No peace was concluded with Carthage upon this occasion; but the effects of their late disastrous expedition, and the revolt of their subjects in Africa, prevented the Carthaginians from renewing hostilities against Syracuse until the summer of 393, when Mago, who had succeeded Himilco in the command, having renewed the alliance with the Sicelians, advanced towards Messana, but was defeated by Dionysius near Abacaenum. The next year (B. C. 392) he marched against the Syracusan territory with a much greater force; but Dionysius having secured the alliance of Agyris, tyrant of Agyrium, was enabled to cut off the supplies of the enemy, and thus reduced them to such distress, that Mago was compelled to treat for peace. The Syracusans also were weary of the war, and a treaty was concluded, by which the Carthaginians abandoned their Sicelian allies, and Dionysius became master of Tauromenium: in other respects, both parties remained n
as himself residing there. (Xen. Hell. 4.8.33.) Two years after we find Ariobarzanes holding the government of Pharnabazus, who had gone up to court to marry the king's daughter. (Xen. Hell. 5.1.28, Ages. 3.3 ; Plut. Art. 27.) So far we are on sure ground ; but it is very difficult to decide to what period we should refer the unsuccessful expedition of the Persians to Egypt under Pharnabazus, Abrocomas, and Tithraustes. Rehldantz, however, gives some very probable reasons for placing it in B. C. 392-390. (Rehdantz, Vit. Iph., Chabr., Timoth. pp. 32, 239-242; comp. Isocr. Paneg. 69, d. ; Aristoph. Pl. 178; Just. 6.6.) In B. C. 377, Pharnabazus, by his remonstrances with the Athenians, obtained the recall of Chabrias from the service of Acoris, king of Egypt, and also a promise to send Iphicrates to co-operate with the Persian generals in the reduction of the rebellious province. The expedition, however, under Iphicrates and Pharnabazus ultimately failed iln B. C. 374, chiefly through t
6, as explained and corrected by Meineke, Frug. Com Graec. vol. ii. pp. 326-335). In the Daitales of Aristophanes, which was also on the prevalent corruptions of poetry and music, and which seems to have been acted some little time after the Frogs, though Philoxenus is not mentioned by name, there are passages which are, to all appearance, parodies upon his poem entitled *Dei=pnon (Fr. xii. xiii. ed. Bergk, ap. Meineke, Frag. Com. Graec. vol. ii. pp. 1009, 1010). In the Ecclesiazusae also, B. C. 392, there is a passage which is almost certainly a similar parody (vv. 1167-1178; Bergk, Comment. de Reliq. Comoed. Att. Antiq. p. 212). There is also a long passage in the Phaon of the comic poet Plato, which seems to have been acted in the year after the Ecclesiazusae, B. C. 391, professing to be read from a book, which the person who has it calls *Filoce/nou kainh/ tis o'yartusi/a which is almost certainly a pairody on tice same poem, although Athenaeus and some modern critics suppose the
6, as explained and corrected by Meineke, Frug. Com Graec. vol. ii. pp. 326-335). In the Daitales of Aristophanes, which was also on the prevalent corruptions of poetry and music, and which seems to have been acted some little time after the Frogs, though Philoxenus is not mentioned by name, there are passages which are, to all appearance, parodies upon his poem entitled *Dei=pnon (Fr. xii. xiii. ed. Bergk, ap. Meineke, Frag. Com. Graec. vol. ii. pp. 1009, 1010). In the Ecclesiazusae also, B. C. 392, there is a passage which is almost certainly a similar parody (vv. 1167-1178; Bergk, Comment. de Reliq. Comoed. Att. Antiq. p. 212). There is also a long passage in the Phaon of the comic poet Plato, which seems to have been acted in the year after the Ecclesiazusae, B. C. 391, professing to be read from a book, which the person who has it calls *Filoce/nou kainh/ tis o'yartusi/a which is almost certainly a pairody on tice same poem, although Athenaeus and some modern critics suppose the
Phily'llius (*Filu/llios), an Athenian comic poet, contemporary with Diocles and Sannyrio (Suid. s. v. *Dioklh=s). He belongs to the latter part of the Old Comedy, and the beginning of the Middle; for, on the one hand, he seems to have attained to some distinction before the time when the Ecclesiazusae of Aristophanes was acted, B. C. 392 (Schol. ad Aristoph. Plut. 1195), and, on the other, nearly all the titles of his plays belong evidently to the Middle Comedy. He is said to have introduced some scenic innovations, such as bringing lighted torches on the stage (Schol. Plut. l.c. Ath. 15.700, e.). With regard to his language, Meineke mentions a few words and phrases, which are not pure Attic. His name is corrupted by the Greek lexicographers and others into *Fillu/lios, *Filai=os, *Filo/laos, *Fillu/deos. and other forms. The following titles of his plays are given by Suidas and Eudocia, and in the following order:--*Ai)geu/s, *Au)/gh, *)/Anteia (e(tai/ras o)/noma), *Dwdeka/th, *(Hr
h/s *Poihth/s *Pre/sbeis *Skeuai/ *Sofistai/ *Summaxi/a *Su/rfac *(Upe/rbolos *Fa/wn. The following dates of his plays are known : the Cleophon gained the third prize in Ol. 93. 4, B. C. 405, when Aristophanes was first with the Frogs, and Phrynichus second with the Muses ; the Phaon was exhibited in Ol. 97. 2, B. C. 391 (Schol. in Aristoph. Plut. 179); the Peisander about Ol. 89, B. C. 423; the Perialges a little later; the Hyperbolus about Ol. 91, B. C. 415; the Presbeis about Ol. 97, B. C. 392. The Laius seems to have been one of the latest of his plays. Assessment It has been already stated that some grammarians assign Plato to the Middle Comedy; and it is evident that several of the above titles belong to that species. Some even mention Plato as a poet of the New Comedy. (Atlen. iii. p. 103c., vii. p. 279a.) Hence a few modern scholars have supposed a second Plato, a poet of the New Comedy, who lived after Epicuruis. But Diogenes Laertius only mentions one comic poet of the
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