I. A being accustomed, custom, habit, use, usage.
A. In gen. (very freq. in all periods, esp. in prose): “exercitatio ex quā consuetudo gignitur,” Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 358: “dicunt ... consuetudine quasi alteram naturam effici,” id. Fin. 5, 25, 74: “ad parentium consuetudinem moremque deducimur,” id. Off. 1, 32, 118; id. Mil. 1, 1; id. Clu. 38, 96: “majorum,” id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 67; cf. id. ib. 2, 5: “Siculorum ceterorumque Graecorum,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129; id. de Or. 2, 3, 13; Caes. B. G. 1, 45; cf. id. ib. 1, 43: “eorum dierum,” id. ib. 2, 17: “non est meae consuetudinis rationem reddere, etc.,” Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 1: con suetudo mea fert, id. Caecin. 29, 85: “consuetudinem tenere, etc.,” id. Phil. 1, 11, 27: “haec ad nostram consuetudinem sunt levia,” Nep. Epam. 2, 3: “contra morem consuetudinemque civilem aliquid facere,” Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148: “quod apud Germanos ea consuetudo esset, ut, etc.,” Caes. B. G. 1, 50; cf. with ut, id. ib. 4, 5: “cottidianae vitae,” Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 42: “virtutem ex consuetudine vitae sermonisque nostri interpretemur,” Cic. Lael. 6, 21; cf.: “vitae meae,” id. Rab. Perd. 1, 2; “and sermonis,” id. Fat. 11, 24; Quint. 1, 6, 45: “communis sensūs,” Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12: “jam in proverbii consuetudinem venit,” id. Off. 2, 15, 55: “victūs,” id. Att. 12, 26, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 31: “otii,” Quint. 1, 3, 11 al.: “peccandi,” Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 176; Quint. 7, 2, 44: “splendidior loquendi,” Cic. Brut. 20, 78: “loquendi,” Quint. 1, 6, 43; 11, 1, 12: “dicendi,” Cic. Mur. 13, 29; Quint. 2, 4, 16: “docendi,” id. 2, 5, 2: “vivendi,” id. 1, 6, 45: “immanis ac barbara hominum immolandorum,” Cic. Font. 10, 21; cf.: “classium certis diebus audiendarum,” Quint. 10, 5, 21 al.: “indocta,” Cic. Or. 48, 161: mala, * Hor. S. 1, 3, 36: “assidua,” Quint. 1, 1, 13: “longa,” id. 2, 5, 2: “vetus,” id. 1, 6, 43: “communis,” id. 11, 1, 12; 12, 2, 19: “vulgaris,” id. 2, 13, 11; Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 248: “bene facere jam ex consuetudine in naturam vortit,” Sall. J. 85, 9: “omnia quae in consuetudine probantur,” generally, Cic. Ac. 2, 24, 75: “negant umquam solam hanc alitem (aquilam) fulmine exanimatam. Ideo armigeram Jovis consuetudo judicavit,” the general opinion, Plin. 10, 3, 4, § 15.—
(β).
With prepp., ex consuetudine, pro consuetudine, and absol. consuetudine, according to or from custom, by or from habit, in a usual or customary manner, etc.: “Germani celeriter ex consuetudine suā phalange factā impetus gladiorum exceperunt,” Caes. B. G. 1, 52; so with ex, Sall. J. 71, 4; 85, 9; Quint. 2, 5, 1; Suet. Ner. 42 al.: “pro meā consuetudine,” according to my custom, Cic. Arch. 12, 32: “consuetudine suā Caesar sex legiones expeditas ducebat,” Caes. B. G. 2, 19; 2, 32: “consuetudine animus rursus te huc inducet,” Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 41: “huc cum se consuetudine reclinaverunt,” Caes. B. G. 6, 27 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 24, 2; Sall. J. 31, 25 al.—Less freq.: praeter consuetudinem, contrary to experience, unexpectedly (opp. praeter naturam), Cic. Div. 2, 28, 60: “plures praeter consuetudinem armatos apparere,” contrary to custom, Nep. Hann. 12, 4; cf.: “contra consuetudinem,” Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148: “supra consuetudinem,” Cels. 2, 2.—
B. Esp.
1. Customary right, usage as a common law: “(jus) constat ex his partibus: naturā, lege, consuetudine, judicato ... consuetudine jus est id, quod sine lege aeque ac si legitimum sit, usitatum est,” Auct. Her. 2, 13, 19; Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 162: “consuetudine jus esse putatur id, quod voluntate omnium sine lege vetustas comprobavit,” id. ib. 2, 22, 67; Varr. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 7, 601; Cic. Caecin. 8, 23; id. Div. in Caecil. 2, 5; Dig. 1, 3, 32.—
2. In gram. (instead of consuetudo loquendi; cf. supra), a usage or idiom of language, Varr. L. L. in 8th and 9th books on almost every page; Cic. Or. 47, 157; Quint. 1, 6, 3; 1, 6, 16; 2, 5, 2.—Hence,
3. In Col. for language in gen.: “consuetudini Latinae oeconomicum Xenophontis tradere,” Col. 12, praef. § “7: nostra (opp. Graeca),” id. 6, 17, 7.—
II. Social intercourse, companionship, familiarity, conversation (freq. and class; in an honorable sense most freq. in Cic.).
A. In gen.: “(Deiotarus) cum hominibus nostris consuetudines, amicitias, res rationesque jungebat,” Cic. Deiot. 9, 27; so in plur.: “victūs cum multis,” id. Mil. 8, 21; and in sing.: “victūs,” id. Or. 10, 33: “domesticus usus et consuetudo est alicui cum aliquo,” id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15; cf. id. Fam. 13, 23, 1: “consuetudine conjuncti inter nos sumus,” id. Att. 1, 16, 11: “consuetudine ac familiaritate,” id. Quint. 3, 12; “so with familiaritas,” id. Fam. 10, 3, 1: “dare se in consuetudinem,” id. Pis. 28, 68: “insinuare in alicujus consuetudinem,” id. Fam. 4, 13, 6; cf.: “immergere se in consuetudinem alicujus,” id. Clu. 13, 36: “epistularum,” epistolary correspondence, id. Fam. 4, 13, 1: “nutrimentorum,” community, Suet. Calig. 9.—
B. In partic., intercourse in love, in an honorable, and more freq. in a dishonorable sense, a love affair, an amour, love intrique, illicit intercourse, Ter. And. 3, 3, 28; id. Hec. 3, 3, 44; Suet. Tib. 7; id. Ner. 35; Ter. And. 1, 1, 83; 1, 5, 44; 2, 6, 8; Liv. 39, 9, 6 and 7; Quint. 5, 11, 34; Suet. Tit. 10 al.— “So also freq.: consuetudo stupri,” Sall. C. 23, 3; Suet. Calig. 24; id. Oth. 2; Curt. 4, 10, 31.
