I.even, level, flat, plane (class.; cf. aequor).
I. Lit.: “facilis et plana via,” Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 19: cum duae formae praestantes sint, ex solidis globus, ex planis circulus aut orbis, Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 47: “planum et aequabile corpus universitatis,” id. Univ. 5: “planus et aequus locus,” id. Caecin. 17, 50: “litus,” Caes. B. G. 4, 23: “carina,” id. ib. 3, 13: “pisces,” flat-fish, Plin. 9, 20, 37, § 73: “aedificia, quae plano pede instituuntur,” on level ground, Vitr. 6, 11: “postquam jacuit planum mare,” Juv. 12, 62: “planā faciem contundere palmā,” flat, id. 13, 128.—Comp.: “aditus planior,” Liv. 34, 29.— Sup.: “planissimus locus,” Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96. —
B. Subst.: plānum , i, n., level ground, a plain: “aciem in planum deducit,” Sall. J. 49, 6: “per planum ire,” Ov. A. A. 2, 243: “cadere in plano,” id. Tr. 3, 4, 17: “in planum deferre aliquid,” Sen. Tranq. 10, 6: “castra in plano erant,” Flor. 4, 12, 59: “de plano,” on level ground, Dig. 13, 6, 5; Aus. Grat. Act. 21: “ad planiora,” Vulg. Judic. 1, 34.—In partic., jurid. t. t.: e plano or de plano, on level ground, below, not on the bench, i. e. out of court, extrajudicially: “aut e plano aut e quaesitoris tribunali,” Suet. Tib. 33: “custodiae non solum pro tribunali, sed et de plano audiri possunt,” Dig. 48, 18, 18; ib. 37, 1, 3.—
II. Trop.
A. Lowly, inconsiderable, humble (post-Aug.): “haec magnanimitas melius in tribunali, quam in plano conspicitur,” shows better in one of high than of low station, Sen. Clem. 1, 5, 3: “fortunam suam in planum deferre,” id. Tranq. 10, 6: de plano, without difficulty, easily (poet.): “hoc tibi de plano possum promittere,” Lucr. 1, 411.—
B. Plain, clear, distinct, intelligible (class.): “satin' haec sunt tibi plana et certa!” Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 1: “narrationes,” Cic. Top. 26, 97: “conjectatio,” Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 22: “pol planum id quidem est,” it is plain, clear, evident, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 32: planum facere, to make plain, clear, or intelligible, to set forth, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 1, 20, § 52; “2, 5, 64, § 165: planum facere multis testibus,” id. ib. 1, 14, 40: “planum facere atque probare,” Lucr. 2, 932.—
C. Easy, free from danger: “illam viam vitae, quam ante praecipitem et lubricam esse ducebat, huic planae et stabili praeponendam esse,” Cic. Flac. 42, 105.—Hence, adv.: plānē , plainly, evenly; trop., simply, clearly, distinctly, intelligibly.
1. Lit. (class.): “videre,” Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 64: “scribere,” id. As. 4, 1, 10: “scire,” id. Truc. 2, 6, 9: “plane loqui,” Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 30: “plane et dilucide loqui,” Cic. de Or. 1, 32: “plane et perspicue expedire aliquid,” id. Fin. 3, 5, 19: “plane et Latine loqui,” to speak plainly, right out, without circumlocution, id. Phil. 7, 6, 17.—Comp.: “quo pacto excludi potis est planius, quam, etc.,” Plaut. Truc. 2, 8, 5: “planius dicere (opp. dicere obscurius),” Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 329: “planius atque apertius dicere,” id. Rosc. Com. 14, 43: “quid, hoc planius egissem, si, etc.,” Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 27: “ostendere,” Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 273.—Sup.: “apertissime planissimeque explicare,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 64, § 156.—
B. Transf., wholly, entirely, completely, quite (class.), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 55: “perdidisti mulierem,” id. Ps. 4, 7, 115: “illam plane amo,” id. Capt. 3, 4, 6: “carere sensu communi,” Hor. S. 1, 3, 66: “quod reliquos coheredes convenisti, plane bene,” you have acted quite right, Cic. Att. 13, 6, 2: “illud plane moleste tuli, quod, etc.,” id. Fam. 3, 10, 11: “non plane par,” Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28: “ex rebus penitus perspectis, planeque cognitis,” Cic. de Or. 1, 23, 108: “propemodum, vel plane potius,” id. Brut. 97, 332: “explicari mihi tuum consilium plane volo, ut penitus intellegam,” thoroughly, id. Att. 8, 12, 1: “planissime perii,” Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 67: “plane perfecteque eruditus,” Cic. Brut. 81, 282: “plane atque omnino rem defuisse,” id. ib. 59, 214: “plane cum,” particularly as, Inscr. Grut. 208; cf.: “et plane quid rectum esset diutius cogitare malui,” Cic. Att. 8, 12, 3.—
3. In partic., in affirmative answers, certainly, to be sure, exactly so (anteclass.): ego et domi privatus sum et perii. Ge. Plane istuc est, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 57; id. Ps. 4, 7, 73: De. Etiam argentum est ultro objectum, ut sit, qui vivat, dum aliud aliquid flagitii conficiat Ge. Planissume, Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 4.—
4. Besides, but (late Lat.), Dig. 9, 2, 7; 32, 1, 52.
