I.part. fut. bĭbĭtūrus, Hier. Isa. 8, 25, 8; Vulg. Matt. 20, 22; id. Act. 23, 12; Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 1; part. perf. bĭbĭtus, a, um, Cael. Aur. Chron. 4, 3, 60; Capitol. Ver. 5, 3; Aem. Mac. c. de Porro; Plin. Val. 2, 18; inf. apocop. biber, Cato, Titin., and Fannii Annal. ap. Charis. p. 99), 3, v. a. root bi; Gr. πι-, πίνω, πέπωκα; whence Lat. poto, as if from po; Sanscr. pī; Slav. piti; Lith. pota, to drink (usually from thirst, a natural want; poto, to drink from passion, habit, etc.; but poto is occasionally used of water, etc., e. g. Plin. 11, 37, 68, § 179; cf.: “bibere naturae est, potare luxuriae,” Isid. Diff. 1. 74; and the partt. potus and potatus are regularly used instead of the partt. of bibo).
I. With acc.
1. Of the liquid drunk: “per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,” Cato, R. R. 73: “jejunus heminam bibito,” id. ib. 126: “si voles vinum Choum bibere, licebit bibas,” id. ib. 48: eapse merum condidicit bibere; “foribus dat aquam quam bibant,” Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 4: “vicit vinum quod bibi,” Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 1: “Darius in fugā cum aquam turbidam bibisset,” Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97: “patrono malo suadebat ut mulsum frigidum biberet,” id. de Or. 2, 70, 282: “viveret, nisi illud (i. e. venenum) bibisset,” Quint. 8, 5, 31: “bibo aquam,” id. 6, 3, 93: “cur apud te vinum aetate tuā vetustius bibitur?” Sen. Vit. Beat. 17, 2: “nisi Hy. mettia mella Falerno Ne biberis diluta,” Hor. S. 2, 2, 15: “et Veientani bibitur faex crassa rubelli,” Mart. 1, 103, 9: “lac bibere,” to suck, Ov. Am. 3, 10, 22; id. M. 9, 377; 9, 615.—Also nutricem bibere (i. e. lac de nutrice), App. M. 2, p. 115, 29.—Poet.; “Caecubam... Tu bibes uvam (i. e. vinum),” Hor. C. 1, 20, 10: “in usu radix tantum duabus drachmis bibenda (i. e. sucus radicis),” Plin. 25, 6, 30, § 67.—
2. Pocula or cyathos bibere.
(α).
Poet., = vinum (cf. πίνειν κρατῆρας): “tristia cum multo pocula felle bibat,” Tib. 1, 5, 50: “ipse bibebam Sobria suppositā pocula victor aquā,” id. 1, 6, 28: “plura pocula = plus vini,” id. 1, 9, 59; so, “nomismata and aera,” id. 1, 26, 3.—
(β).
Of the number of cups drunk at a merry-making: vide quot cyathos bibimus: St. Tot quot digiti sunt tibi in manu, Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 24.—Esp. of the custom of drinking names, i. e. as many cups as there are letters in a name proposed; the number is frequently expressed by fractional parts of the as (uncia = a cyathus; “quincunx = 5 cyathi, etc.): quincunces et sex cyathos bessemque bibamus, Gaius ut fiat, Julius, et Proculus,” Mart. 11, 36, 7: “crebros ergo licet bibas trientes,” id. 1, 106, 8: “diluti bibis unciam Falerni,” id. v. 3 (cf. with potare: “sextantes et deunces,” id. 12, 28).—Hence, nomen bibere, Julium, etc., bibere: “ut jugulem curas, nomen utrumque bibam,” Mart. 8, 57, 26: “Laevia sex cyathis, septem Justina bibatur, Quinque Lycas, Lyde quattuor, Ida tribus,” id. 1, 71, 1 sq.: “Astyanacta bibes,” id. 8, 6, 16.—
3. Fluvium, undam, pruinas bibere (poet.).
(α).
= aquam ex flumine bibere: “priusquam Pabula gustassent Trojae Xanthumque bibissent,” Verg. A. 1, 473: “jam crassus torrens bibitur tamen,” Stat. Th. 4, 821: “puram bibis amnibus undam,” Claud. Laud. Herc. 74.—
(β).
Trop., to arrive at the region of the river: “non illum nostri possunt mutare labores, Nec si... Hebrumque bibamus Sithoniasque nives... subeamus (i. e. si Thraciam adeamus),” Verg. E. 10, 65: “ante... Aut Ararim Parthus bibet, aut Germania Tigrim Quam, etc.,” sooner will the Parthians come to Germany, or the Germans to the country of the Parthians, id. ib. 1, 63: “turbaque Phasiacam Graia bibistis aquam,” Ov. H. 12, 10.—Hence,
(γ).
Qui flumen bibunt, = the inhabitants of the country through which the river passes: “qui Tiberim Fabarimque bibunt,” Verg. A. 7, 715: “qui profundum Danubium bibunt,” Hor. C. 4, 15, 21: “qui Nilum ex ipso protinus ore bibunt,” Mart. 7, 88, 6: “populosque bibentes Euphraten,” Luc. 8, 213: “qui te, Nile, bibit, Claud. Prob. et Olybr. 38.—So of an inland sea: caesamque bibens Maeotin Alanus,” Claud. in Rufin. 1, 812.—Of a single person: “extremum Tanaim si biberes, Lyce,” Hor. C. 3, 10, 1.—Similarly, montium pruinas bibere, of the rivers fed by a mountain range: “amniumque... quicunque Odrysias bibunt pruinas,” Mart. 10, 7, 2: fluvios qui... Alpinasque bibunt de more pruinas, Claud. Prob. et Olybr. 255.—
4. Bibere aquas, to be drowned: “neu bibat aequoreas naufragus hostis aquas,” Ov. H. 7, 62.—Transf., of ships, to founder, to be wrecked: o utinam... Argo funestas pressa bibisset aquas! Ov. Am. 2, 11, 6.—
5. Sanguinem or cruorem bibere.
(α).
Sanguinem, in a figurative sense, = sanguinem sitire: “cujus sanguinem (Antonium) non bibere censeatis? (sitire, animo bibere),” Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 10.—
(β).
Cruorem bibere, to draw blood, to kill: “hasta virgineum alte bibit acta cruorem,” Verg. A. 11, 803; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 78.—
6. Transf. to things other than liquids.
a. Of concrete things: dixit et ardentes avido bibit ore favillas, breathed in, drew in (of the sparks of a funeral pyre), Mart. 1, 42, 5: “vigilandae noctes et fuligo lucubrationum bibenda,” inhale, Quint. 11, 3, 23.—
b. Figuratively, of abstract things.
(α).
= cupideaudire, legere: “pugnas et exactos tyrannos... bibit aure vulgus,” eagerly listens to, Hor. C. 2, 13, 32: “incipe: suspensis auribus ista bibam,” Prop. 3, 4, 8: hinc ille justitiae haustus bibat, imbibe (by reading) the love of justice, Quint. 12, 2, 31: illa divino fruitur sermone parentis, maternosque bibit mores, Claud. Nupt. Hon. et Mar. 231.—
(β).
To imbibe, be affected with: “infelix Dido, longumque bibebat amorem,” Verg. A. 1, 749: “totisque novum bibit ossibus ignem,” the fire of love, Stat. Achill. 1, 303.—
(γ).
To draw out, exhaust: nudae illae artes omnem sucum ingenii bibunt, Quint. prooem. 24.—
c. To swallow, i. e. forget: “quamquam ego vinum bibo, mandata hau consuevi simul bibere una,” Plaut. Pers. 2, 1, 3. —
7. Transf., of inanim. subjects, to absorb liquids, draw, imbibe them: “id si feceris metreta oleum non bibet,” Cato, R. R. 100. —So trop.: “claudite jam rivos... sat prata biberunt,” Verg. E. 3, 111: “inriguumque bibant violaria fontem,” id. G. 4, 32: “quae (terra) bibit humorem,” absorbs moisture, id. ib. 2, 218: “amphora fumum bibere instituta,” Hor. C. 3, 8, 11: “mista bibunt molles lacrimis unguenta favillae,” Ov. F. 3, 561: “tunc bibit irriguus fertilis hortus aquas,” Tib. 2, 1, 44: “lanarum nigrae nullum colorem bibunt,” take no color, Plin. 8, 48, 73, § 193; so, “candorem (i. e. colorem candidum) bibere,” id. 31, 11, 47, § 123: arcus bibit (aquas) and nubes bibunt (aquas), the rainbow, the clouds draw water (according to a popular belief among the ancients): “cur bibit arcus aquas?” Prop. 3, 5 (4, 4), 32: “et bibit ingens Arcus,” Verg. G. 1, 380.—And, jestingly, of an old woman given to drink: ecce autem, bibit arcus; “hercle, credo, hodie pluet,” Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 39 (44): “unde aures nubesque bibunt atque imbrifer arcus,” Stat. Th. 9, 405.—So with object understood: “bibite, festivae fores,” with reference to the wine spilled, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 88: “palma toto anno bibere amat, i. e. aquam,” Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 28.—
II. Absol. (the obj. acc. understood).
a. Sc. aquam: “nec sitis est exstincta priusquam vita bibendo (of those seized by the plague),” Ov. M. 7, 569.—
b. Of liquids in general: “numquam sitiens biberat,” Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97: “edendi mihi erit bibendique finis desideria naturae restinguere,” Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5: “ut nec bibant sine ambitione, nec edant,” id. ib. 12, 5: “conducit inter cibos bibere,” Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 41: “vino debemus homines quod soli animalium non sitientes bibimus,” id. 23, 1, 23, § 42.—
c. Esp. of wine: “es, bibe, animo obsequere mecum,” Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 82: “quamquam illud est dulce, esse et bibere,” id. Trin. 2, 1, 37: “jam diu factum postquam bibimus: nimis diu sicci sumus,” id. Pers. 5, 2, 45; id. Poen. 4, 2, 13: “decet luxuriosum bibendo mori,” Quint. 8, 5, 23: “ut jejuni biberent,” Plin. 14, 28 med.—Pass. impers. bibitur, they drink, he drinks, people drink: “dies noctisque estur, bibitur,” Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 78: “ab tertiā horā bibebatur, ludebatur, vomebatur,” Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 104: “bibitur usque eo dum de solio ministretur,” id. Pis. 27, 67.—
III. With adverbs or adverbial phrases.
a. Of manner: “jucundius bibere,” Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97; id. Att. 13, 52, 1: “large,” Plin. 10, 34, 52, § 105: “fit invitatio ut Graeco more biberetur, i. e. propinando,” Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66.—
b. With num. adv. denoting the number of cups: “jam bis bibisse oportuit,” Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 122: “sic ago, semel bibo,” id. Rud. 3, 6, 46: “plus quam deciens, Sextiliane, bibis,” Mart. 1, 26, 10: “quare bis deciens, Sextiliane bibis?” id. 1, 11, 2.—
IV. With abl. or prep. and abl.
1. Of the liquid, river, etc.: “de eo vino... bibito ante cenam,” Cato, R. R. 114: a fonte bibatur... an lacu, Mart. 9, 99, 9: “ab amne,” id. 12, 11: “ex aquā,” Prop. 2, 30, 32: “ex fonte,” id. 4, 4, 14.—
2. Of the vessel.
(α).
Abl.: “gemmā, i. e. poculo ex gemmā facto,” Verg. G. 2, 506: “caelato = e poculo caelato,” Juv. 12, 47: “conchā,” id. 6, 304: “fictilibus,” id. 10, 25: “testā,” Mart. 3, 82, 3: “vitro,” id. 1, 37, 2; 4, 85, 1: “ossibus humanorum capitum,” Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 12.—And bibere understood: “poscunt majoribus poculis, i. e. bibi,” Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66.—
(γ).
With in: “hac licet in gemmā bibas,” Mart. 14, 120: “in Priami calathis,” id. 8, 6, 16: “in auro,” Sen. Thyest. 453: “in argento potorio,” Dig. 34, 12, 21: “in ossibus capitum,” Flor. 3, 4, 2.—
V. Particular phrases.
1. Bibe si bibis = bibe nunc, si omnino bibere vis, a formula urging to drink, Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 33; 5, 4, 51 (cf.: “age, si quid agis,” id. ib. 5, 4, 35).—
2. Dare bibere, to give to drink, a Grecism, perh. only in the foll. passages: date illi biber, Titin ap. Charis. p. 99 P. (Com. Rel. v. 78 Rib.): “jubebat biber dari, Fann. Ann. ib: bibere da usque plenis cantharis,” Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 40 (45): “quod jussi ei dari bibere,” Ter. And. 3, 2, 4; cf.: “ut Jovi bibere ministraret,” Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65: “ut bibere sibi juberet dari,” Liv. 40, 47, 5: cf.: dare with subj.: “tum vos date bibat tibicini,” Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 16.—And with rel. and subj.: “nimium dabat quod biberem,” Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 19: “dat aquam quam bibant,” id. Curc. 1, 3, 4.—