OTHONA
(Bradwell-on-Sea) Essex, England.
The Roman fort has been at least two-thirds eroded by
the sea, and the remains now overlook the partially silted
Blackwell estuary. Very little is known of its history but
some evidence suggests occupation lasting from the late
3d c. to the end of the Roman period. The
Notitia Dignitatum records the presence of the Numerus Fortensium in the second half of the 4th c.
The wall, some 4.2 m thick and not more than 1 m
above the present ground level, can be traced on three
sides of the enclosure. At least two external bastions are
known, both apparently bonded with the wall. A Saxon
church was built over the W gate.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
T. Lewin, “On the Castra of The littus
Saxonicum and particularly the Castrum of Othona,”
Archaeologia 41 (1867) 439;
VCH Essex III (1963) 52-55.
B. W. CUNLIFFE