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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), A. (search)
le as glass, but by being plunged at a cherry-red heat into cold water, and being confined between two disks of iron to keep it in shape, it becomes tough and malleable. Other bronze articles may be similarly tempered or annealed, as it has been variously termed. There are several ways of hardening copper, — by the fumes of phosphorus, by an alloy of the latter, or some other metals, — but these render it brittle and destroy its usefulness for most purposes. In common with many others, Prescott regrets the loss, or rather our non-discovery, of the lost art of tempering bronze. After a careful examination of what has been written on the subject, the writer is inclined to the opinion that the hardness was imparted by judicious alloying with tin and iron, by the hammer, and by a careful use of the annealing process to confer toughness upon the back while the edge was allowed to maintain the hardness necessary for maintaining a sharp edge. See bronze; alloys. Lewis's annealing box
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), B. (search)
itness to the quality. Among many of the Asiatic nations the bricks are of excellent quality. Those of China are faced with porcelain, and in Nepaul they are ornamented by the encaustic process and in relief. The conquerors of Peru found the art of brickmaking in a flourishing condition in the Empire of the Incas, and both there and among the more northerly countries of Yucatan and Mexico, we learn from the Spaniards, and from Humboldt, and also from our own historians and travelers, Prescott, Stephens, and Squier, that the architectural remains of former races are still extant in brick as well as in porphyry and granite. Bricks were made in England by the Romans A. D. 44. Made under the direction of Alfred the Great, A. D. 886. The manufacture flourished remarkably under Henry VIII. and Elizabeth. The size was regulated by Charles I., 1625. The operations of brickmaking may be said to consist in — Preparing the brick-earth.Drying. Tempering.Burning. Molding.
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), F. (search)
hiteApr. 3, 1855. 15,032F. B. E. BeaumontJune 3, 1856. 19,961R. WhiteApr. 13, 1858. 20,607F. H. HarringtonJune 15, 1858. 21 400E. AllenSept. 7, 1858. 22,005E. AllenNov. 9, 1858. 22,348E. ClaudeDec. 21, 1858. 24,666Smith and WessonJuly 5, 1859. 24,726Ells and WhiteJuly 12, 1859. 26,919Morris and BrownJan. 24, 1860. 27,526J. M. CooperMar. 20, 1860. 28,437A. J. GibsonMay 22, 1860. 28,951E. AllenJuly 3, 1860. 29,126A. J. GibsonJuly 10, 1860. 30,079D. MooreSept. 18, 1860. 30,245E. A. PrescottOct. 2, 1860. 30,399A. J. GibsonOct. 9, 1860. 30,765C. SharpsNov. 27, 1860. 30,990Smith and WessonDec. 18, 1860. 33,328Ethan AllenSept. 24, 1861. 33,509E. AllenOct. 22, 1861. 33,836H. GrossDec. 3, 1861. 34,016A. SmithDec. 24, 1861. 34,067D. MooreJan. 7, 1862. 34,703C. E. SneiderMar. 18, 1862. 34,922C. DragerApr. 8, 1862. 35,067E. AllenApr. 29, 1862. 35,419C. W. HopkinsMay 27, 1862. 35,623L. W. PondJune 17, 1862. 35,657J. H. VickersJune 17, 1862. 36,505C. C. BrandSept. 23, 1
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
each plane-bit and scorer, so that the whole block will be cut and scored into fine fibers. Brooks and Clements' excelsior machine, March 25, 1868, is also a rotary shredder. The bolt is pressed downward within its fixed case by a weighted lever, and subjected to the action of the scoring and plane cutters at the upper surface of the horizontal rotating wheel. See Fig. 1897, page 815. See excelsior machine patents:— 2,654.Baker, May 30, 1842.93,428.Folsom, Aug. 10, 1869. 10,893.Prescott, May 9, 1854.111,415.Wolff, Jan. 31, 1871. 12,424.Smith and Cowles, Feb. 20, 1855.118,289.Smith, Aug. 22, 1871. 26, 791.Skinner, Jan. 10, 1860.120, 866.Felber, Nov. 14, 1871. 27, 597.Noyes, Mar. 20, 1860.128, 970.Mayo, July 16, 1872. 39, 747.Post, Sept. 1, 1863.131,147.Brackett, Sept. 10, 1872. 75, 728.Brooks and Clements, Mar. 24, 1868.136,529.Mayo, March 4, 1873. 151,742.Bailey, June 9, 1874. Sloam. （Mining.) A layer of earth between coal-seams. Sloates. （Vehicle.) <