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E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus (ed. E. T. Merrill) 16 0 Browse Search
E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus (ed. E. T. Merrill) 12 0 Browse Search
C. Valerius Catullus, Carmina (ed. Leonard C. Smithers) 4 0 Browse Search
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E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus (ed. E. T. Merrill), Family and circumstances. (search)
only son, and was probably younger than the one whose untimely death in the Troad he records. 10. Yet there was apparently wealth enough in the family to enable even the younger brother to enjoy the advantages that wealth brought to the young Italian of that day. He was able early in his young manhood to go to Rome, and to make that city thenceforth his abiding-place (c. 68.34 ff.). He owned a villa at Sirmio (c. 31), and another on the edge of the Sabine hills (c. 44). And there is no indication that while at Rome he was busy with any pursuit that could fill his purse, although, like many another young Roman, he later obtained a provincial appointment, and went to Bithynia on the staff of the governor Memmius in the hope of wealth (cf. § 29 ff.). The hope, he tells us (cc. 10, 28), proved abortive, but Ca
E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus (ed. E. T. Merrill), Education (search)
he world. Into it he plunged with all the ardor of a lively and passionate nature. Rome was from that first moment his home, the centre of all his beloved activities. Verona, his Sabine villa, and even Sirmio, became to him but hospitals or vacation haunts. Once only did he leave Italy, and even his joy at reaching Sirmio again on his return (c. 31） could not long detain him from Rome. And at Rome Sirmio again on his return (c. 31） could not long detain him from Rome. And at Rome death met him. 15. In life at Rome, then, Catullus found his full development as a poet. Already from the donning of the toga virilis, so he tells us (c. 68.15 ff.), he had been busied with love and love-verses. But whether this period antedated or followed his coming to Rome cannot be decided, since the date of publication of the Chronica of Nepos (c. 1.8) is unknown, and on this a
E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus (ed. E. T. Merrill), Journey to Bithynia. (search)
ion in Italy. If the expressions of c. 4 were to be taken literally, we must understand that the phasellus carried its master actually up the Po and the little Mincius into the Garda-lake, even to the shores of Sirmio itself. But this is well-nigh impossible; and even if possible, is it likely that the poet, so eager to reach home, would have submitted to the tedium of a tow-boat's voyage (for surely the phasellus c brought him to his desired haven? Apparently both the begin-fling and the end of the voyage of the phasellus as recounted in c. 4 are not to be interpreted with strict literalness. But the rapturous joy with which Sirmio is saluted in c. 31 forbids us to suppose that the poet first visited Rome, and later made his way northward. Even the gaiety with which the dedicatory inscription of the model of the phasellus (c. 4)
E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus (ed. E. T. Merrill), Later years. Relations with Caesar. (search)
Later years. Relations with Caesar. 37. But even Sirmio could not long detain him from his loved Rome. His reappearance among his old friends is marked by a single poem (c. 10), whose gay and charming humor shows that even the vicinity of Lesbia had lost its power constantly to embitter his thoughts. And to the passion for Lesbia now appears to have succeeded that for a boy, Juventius, with the charms of whose company Catullus perhaps attempted to drive out the thoughts of his former love. How the intimacy began we cannot tell. The Juventian gens sprang from Tusculum, but inscriptions (C. I. L. vol. V. passim) show that people of that name also lived in the neighborhood of Verona. It may be, therefore, that the boy came to Rome under the guardianship of Catullus, as perhaps Catullus, years before, under that of Nepos But
E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus (ed. E. T. Merrill), Poem 4 (search)
A dedicatory inscription. — On the return of Catullus from Bithynia in 56 B.C. (see Intr. 33ff.) to his dearly loved home at Sirmio, he suspended as a votive offering in a shrine on his own property a model of the yacht that had brought him safely through his perils by sea, and this poem i: i.e. when a tree; imbuisse: i.e. when a ship. The course of the ship is now traced again, but in the original direction, from Cytorus to Sirmio. inde: perhaps a case of poetic freedom with fact, for Catullus was more likely to start on his homeward journey from Nicaea limpidum lacum: i.e. the lacus Benacus (Lago di Garda), into the broader, southern end of which projects the peninsula of Sirmio (cf. Catul. 31.1ff.), now Sermione, where stood the villa of Catullus. In the epithet is a thought of the contrast between the dark and t
E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus (ed. E. T. Merrill), Poem 31 (search)
On the delight of homecoming. The poem is a most unartificial and joyous pouring out of the poet's warmth of feeling at reaching Sirmio after his year of absence with Memmius in Bithynia (v. 5), and forms a perfect conclusion to Catul. 46.1ff., while it is itself supplemented by the quieter reminiscent strains of Catul. 4.1ff. With this and Catul. 101.1ff. cf. Tennyson Frater Ave atque Vale.—Date, summer of 56 B.C.—Meter, choliambally, in Greek fashion; cf. Cic. Rep. 6.11 nunc venis paene miles ; Ov. Her. 15.357 paene puer. Livy 26.42.8 appears to be the first to write paeninsula. Sirmio, the modern Sermione, is a long and narrow peninsula running out into the southern end of the Lago di Garda (Lacus Benacus). The ruins referred to by Tennyson (l.c.) are of the age of Constantine,
E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus (ed. E. T. Merrill), Poem 64 (search)
ontra parietem medium zotheca recedit ; and with the idea, the description of the first series of rooms in Pliny's villa (Ep. 2.17.5). Cf. Vergil's description of Dido's palace in Verg. A. 1.637ff. candet ebur sollis: the couches arranged about the tables have ivory legs; cf. v. 303 and 61.115; like mensae, solus is a dative. gaudet: i.e. wears a festive appearance, as Sirmio was to do at the master's return (Catul. 31.12); cf. Hor. Carm. 4.11.6 ridet argento domus . pulvinar geniale: for lectus genialis, as a more formal and imposing term, and one especially connected with divinity. sedibus in mediis: the poet is apparently thinking of a Roman house, where the lectus genialis stood in the atrium. Indo dente politum:
E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus (ed. E. T. Merrill), Poem 67 (search)
divos scelerare parentes , also of unnatural crime. iners sterili semine: on the repetition of idea in the adjectives cf. Catul. 64.64, Catul. 64.103, Catul. 64.221; Catul. 90.5; and (with Ellis) v. 48. zonam: etc. cf. Catul. 2.13n. Brixia: the modern Brescia, the capital of the (Gallic) Cenomani (Liv. 32.30). It is about as far to the westward of Sirmio as Verona is to the eastward (one half-hour by rail). —The remainder of the verse is involved in great difficulty; it might naturally be taken to refer to the situation of Brixia at the base of a hill, but suppositum is apparently not used elsewhere in the sense of ‘lying at the foot of,’ and no hill in the neighborhood of Brixia is called by a name resembling chinea till about A.D. 1500, when this passage from C<
E. T. Merrill, Commentary on Catullus (ed. E. T. Merrill), Poem 68a (search)
is happy with her, and is disposed to condone her frailties (vv. 135ff.), while his grief is not ever-present, but is aroused only by a chance allusion to Troy, and is forthwith suppressed: §(6) the repetition of vv. 20ff. of 68a in 68b (vv. 92ff.) shows that the two poems were not far separated in time, but is more consistent with the theory of division than of unity (see also heading 5). 68a was evidently written (at Verona or Sirmio) not long before 68b (see 5 above, and later notes), and both before Catullus had become thoroughly aware of Lesbia's real character, and had finally broken away from her. Perhaps her loose life during this period of separation finally opened his eyes. For convenience of general reference the continuous numbering of verses is retained throughout 68a and 68b. quod: etc. the poetical epistle opens in pure prose form.
C. Valerius Catullus, Carmina (ed. Leonard C. Smithers), Poem 31 (search)
Sirmio! Eyelet of islands and peninsulas, which each Neptune holds whether in limpid lakes or on the wide sea, how gladly and how happily do I see you again, scarcely believing that I've left behind Thynia and the Bithynian plains, and that I gaze on you safe and sound. O what greater blessing than cares released, when the mind casts down its burden, and when wearied with the toil of travel w safe and sound. O what greater blessing than cares released, when the mind casts down its burden, and when wearied with the toil of travel we reach our hearth, and rest in the long-for bed. This and only this repays our numerous labors. Hail, lovely Sirmio, and rejoice in your master; and rejoice, you waves of the Lybian lake; laugh, you laughters echoing from my home.