Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities (1898)

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Caledonia

A country in the north of Britain, now called Scotland. The ancient Caledonia comprehended all those countries which lay to the north of the Forth and the Clyde. It was never completely subdued by the Romans, though Agricola penetrated to the Tay, and Severus into the very heart of the country. The name is probably the Latinized form of the native name, Calido, and

1.	Hecatombaeon (Ἑκατομβαιών）	contained	30 days,	and	corresponds	nearly to our	July.
2.	Metageitnion (Μεταγειτνιων）	“	29	“	“	“
August	Boedromion (Βοηδρομιών）	“	30	“	“	“	September.
4.	Pyanepsion (Πυανεψιών）	“	29	“	“	“	October.
5.	Maimacterion (Μαιμακτηριών）	“	30	“	“	“	November.
6.	Poseideon (Ποσειδεών）	“	29	“	“	“	December.
7.	Gamelion (Γαμηλιών）	“	30	“	“	“	January.
8.	Anthesterion (Ἀνθεστηριών）	“	29	“	“	“	February.
9.	Elaphebolion (Ἐλαφηβολιών）	“	30	“	“	“	March.
10.	Munychion (Μουνυχιών）	“	29	“	“	“	April.
11.	Thargelion (Θαργηλιών）	“	30	“	“	“	May.
12.	Scirophorion (Σκιροφοριών）	“	29	“	“	“	June.

first appears in Lucan (vi. 68). The root is found in the Welsh celydd, “a woody retreat.” The Romans also called it Britannia Barbara.

See Tac. Agric. 11, 25, 26, 27; Marcell. xxvii. 8; Plin. H. N. iv. 16; Ptolemy, ii. 3; Wilson, Prehistoric Annals of Scotland; Rhys, Celtic Britain (2d ed. 1884); and the article Britannia.