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[438] were Fincher's Trades Review (Philadelphia) and The workingmen's advocate (Chicago). The philosophy of the labour agitation was expounded by Ira Steward in The eight hour movement (1865) and Poverty (1873); by William Dealtry in The Laborer (1869); and by E. H. Haywood in Yours and mine (1869); while the Communist movement was best represented by Alexander Longley in The Communist (1868-79). During the early seventies there are to be noted H. B. Wright's Practical treatise on Labor (1871), W. Brown's The Labor question (1872), W. B. Greene's Socialistic, communistic, Mutualistic, and financial fragments (1875), and L. Masquerier's Sociology or the Reconstruction of Society (1877). The tariff controversies elicited but few works of importance. In the earlier period, in the contest centring around the Bill of Abominations of 1828 and its immediate successors, we have to note, in addition to the works of Lee and Gallatin referred to above, T. R. Dew's Lectures on the Restrictive system (1829) and Hezekiah Niles's Journal of the meeting of the friends of domestic industry (1831). Perhaps the most outstanding figure of this period was Condy Raguet, author of The principles of free trade (1835) and The Examiner and journal of political economy (1834-35). In the later period, immediately after the Civil War, we need mention only W. M. Grosvenor's Does protection protect? （1871) and the numerous publications of E. B. Bigelow. Much the same may be said about the controversies on the currency, which produced only a few works of more than passing interest. Worthy of mention are E. Lord's Principles of currency (1829), W. M. Gouge's A short history of paper money and banking (1833) and The fiscal history of Texas (1852), W. Beck's Money and banking (1839), R. Hildreth's Banks, banking, and paper Currencies (1840), and Dunscombe's Free banking (1841). In the later period we may call attention to J. A. Ferris's The financial economy of the United States (1867). This period is also marked by a more systematic study of statistics as evidenced by A. Russell's Principles of statistical inquiry (1839), Professor G. Tucker's Progress of the United States (1843), and J. D. B. De Bow's The industrial resources of the Southern and Western States. In 1839, moreover, was founded the American Statistical Association, whose first secretary,
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