Charles D. Morris, Commentary on Thucydides Book 1

τιμωρίαν: in Hdt. (iii.148.14; vii.169.11) and Thuc. (c. 38. 15; 58. 5; 69. 30, etc.), help; later, ‘vengeance.’ —οὖσαν: = ὑπάρχουσαν. See on c. 2. 5. —ἐν ἀπόρῳ εἴχοντο: this expression occurs here only; in iii.22.31, ἐν ἀπόρῳ ἦσαν, also with inf. In Hdt. iv.131.2, ἐν ἀπορίῃσι (ix.98.3, ἐν ἀπορίῃ）ἔχεσθαι. Plat. Phaed. 108 c; Gorg. 522 a, ἐν πάσῃ ἀπορίᾳ ἔχεσθαι.

θέσθαι : to arrange, manage, in a general sense (cf. c. 41. 15; 75. 16; iv.17.12; 18. 11; 59. 14; 61. 23; v.80.3; vi.11.26); then settle, as here τὸ παρόν, their present difficulty. Cf. c. 31. 15; 82. 27; viii.84.19 (τὸν πόλεμον); iv.120.22; v.80.3 (τὰ πράγματα). In the latter sense there is no need, as there is in the former, of an adverbial qualification.—τὸ παρόν: nearly as freq. sing. as pl., without important difference of meaning; cf. c. 77. 19; 133. 13; ii.22.1, πρὸς τὸ παρὸν (59. 10, πρὸς τὰ παρόντα）χαλεπαίνειν; 36. 18; 54. 8; iii.40.35, etc.; it varies with περί πρός, ἀπό, but always ἐν τῷ παρόντι, ἐκ τῶν παρόντων.

ἐπήροντο : here and iii.92.19; viii.29.6 aor. to the pres. ἐπερωτᾶν, ii.54.13; v.45.15, and the impf. ἐπηρώτων, i.118.20.

παραδοῖεν: opt. of the deliberative subj. παραδῶμεν. GMT. 21, 2 b; 71. Cf. Hom. A 191, μερμήριξεν ἢ ὅ γε . . . ἀναστήσειεν; c. 63. 3.—τιμωρίαν ποιεῖσθαι: if correct, = auxilium sibi conciliare. See App. The regular sense of opem ferre in c. 124. 4.— 8. σφῶν: as possessive gen. with τὸν οἰκιστήν. So often in Thuc.; rare in other Attic writers. Cf. c. 30. 14; 50. 19; 136. 10; ii.5.20; iv.55.3. Here a direct refl., as the more emphatic ἑαυτῶν in 12.

κατά τε τὸ δίκαιον: followed in 13 by ἅμα δὲ καί. This irregularity in the use of the particles is probably due to the number of intervening words. Cf. c. 11. 4. Kühn. 520, note 3.—ὑπεδέξαντο: polliciti sunt: used with acc. (ii.95.9) as well as with fut. inf. (ii.29.25; viii.81.21).

παρημέλουν: here only in Thuc. Cf. Hdt. i.85.14; Xen. Mem. ii.2.14.

οὔτε γὰρ κτἑ.: Cl. and B. follow Stahl (Jahrb. 1863, p. 465, 466; 1868, p. 176) in removing the period at the end of the chapter, in order that the sentence introduced by γάρ may find a verb in the ἔπεμπον of c. 26. 2; though, owing to the intervention of several partics. and the parenthesis at 22, ᾗ καὶ μᾶλλον . . . πολεμεῖν, the structure is changed from οἱ Κερκυραῖοι [ἐγκλήματα παρεῖχον τοῖς Κορινθίοις] to οἱ Κορίνθιοι ἐγκλήματα ἔχοντες ἔπεμπον. v. H., however, follows Badham in omitting γάρ, that the partics. may be connected with the subj. of παρημέλουν; and Sh. produces the same result by understanding γάρ (=γε ἄρ) in its primitive meaning ‘in fact,’ ‘in sooth,’ Germ. nämlich. See his note; and on this use of γάρ, Heller, Philol. 13, p. 114; Bäumlein, Partikeln, p. 68 ff.; Bursian's Jahrb. 15, p. 272. A good example is Hom. K 127, ἵνα γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερέθεσθαι. So Sh. explains vii.28.13.

γέρα τὰ νομιζόμενα: for the order, see on c. 1. 6. Acc. to Diod. xii.30.4 these were the offerings which should be sent to the chief festivals of the mother city, called κοιναὶ πανηγύρεις, because the colonies had part in them. On these offerings, see the decree about Brea, C. I. A. I. 31, l. 11; Hicks, Inscr. p. 37, and Schol. on Ar. Nub. 386; and on the whole subject, Am. J. of Ph., V. p. 479 ff.

προκαταρχόμενοι τῶν ἱερῶν: refers to the sacred usages at the beginning of the sacrifice (see Buttm. Lexilogus, I. 103, and cf. Hom. γ 445; Hdt. ii.45.6; iv.60.9; 103. 4; Ar. Av. 959; Eur. I. T. 40), as the cutting off hair from the forehead of the victim and distributing it to those present. Cf. Hom. Γ 273, ἀρνῶν ἐκ κεφαλέων τάμνε τρίχας: αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα κήρυκες Τρώων καὶ Ἀχαιῶν νεῖμαν ἀρίστοις. So we must understand προκαταρχόμενοι (which occurs only here in a religious sense) with the Schol., διδόντες πρότερον (sc. ἢ τοῖς ἄλλοις）τὰς καταρχάς, and that in the normal state of things citizens of a mother city who were present at a sacrifice in a colony received the καταρχαί of the victims first. The two clauses joined by οὔτε—οὔτε refer, therefore, to the fulfilment of such dutiful obligations in the mother city as well as in the colony.

περιφρονοῦντες: like ὑπερφρονεῖν (iii.39.30; vi.68.10) in meaning and const., but in this sense only here in Attic. Cf. Ar. Nub. 225, ΣΩΚΡ. ἀεροβατῶ καὶ περιφρονῶ τὸν ἥλιον. ΣΤΡΕΨ. ἔπειτ̓ ἀπὸ ταρροῦ τοὺς θεοὺς ὑπερφρονεῖς;

ἐν δυνάμει ὄντες : = δυνατοί; used with the gen., as in iii.93.6; Plat. Rep. 328 c. With this is joined ὁμοῖα in adv. sense; cf. vii.29.24; Hdt. iii.8.1; 57. 9; vii.118.7; 141. 4. δυνατώτεροι in 19 is its comp. Thus the partic. ὔντες with its two preds. is subord. to περιφρονοῦντες, giving a double reason for their pride. See App.

ναυτικῷ δὲ κτἑ.: to the two real grounds of arrogance (χρήματα and παρασκευή) is added a third, based on the mythical fame for naval skill of the Phaeacian inhabitants of their island. Thuc. disparages this reason by the use of ἐπαιρόμενοι, which generally has an unfavourable sense (c. 84. 9; 120. 20, 24; iii.37.28; vi.11.23), and by ἔστιν ὅτε with καὶ κατὰ τὴν κτἑ., “and boasting their great superiority also in naval power sometimes actually (καί) on the ground of the former occupation of the island by the Phaeacians, whose glory lay in their ships.” —προέχειν: after ἐπαιρόμενοι = gloriantes, as αὐχεῖν with inf. in ii.39.18.

τὴν τῶν...Κερκύρας : note the position of the governing noun between the subjective and the objective gen., as in ii.49.37; 89. 46; iii.12.10; vii.34.25.

ἐχόντων: for the position, see on c. 11. 19.—ᾗ καὶ μᾶλλον: see on c. 11. 8.

καὶ ἦσαν: et erant, and they actually were.