A.highest, uppermost, in Hom. as epith. of Zeus, “ὕπατε κρειόντων” Od.1.45; “θεῶν ὕπατος” Il. 19.258, al.; θεοὶ ὕπατοι the gods above, opp. οἱ χθόνιοι, A.Ag.89 (anap.), cf. 55 (anap.); Ζεὺς Γ̔́. at Athens, Paus.1.26.5, al., Orac. ap.D.21.52 (coupled with Ἀθηνᾶ Ὑ. Orac. ap. eund.43.66); “ὕ. δῶμα Διός” Pi.O.1.42; “ὕ. τεθμός” Id.N.10.32; “ὑπάταν βασιληΐδα τειμάν” Hymn.Is.143.
2. simply of Place, ἐν πυρῇ ὑ. on the very top of the funeral pile, Il.23.165, 24.787; ὕ. ὄρος Epigr. ap. D.S.1.15.
b. lowest, “κευθμοί” A.R.3.1213.
3. of Time, last, “νοῦσος” AP7.233 (Apollonid.): but οὐχ ὕπατον, πύματον δέ Puchstein Epigr.Gr.p.76 (Memphis, i B. C.).
4. of Quality, highest, best, Pi.O.1.100; “ὕ. πρὸς ἀρετάν” most excellent, Id.P.6.42; ὕ. [μόρος] S.Ant.1332 (lyr.).
II. c. gen., ὕπατος χώρας Ζεύς supreme over the land, A.Ag.509; ὕπατοι λεχέων high above the nest, ib.50 (anap.); “ὕ. τῶ σκάνεος ἅπαντος” Ti.Locr.100a; “σοφίας ὕπατος” IG22.3632.7 (ii A. D.).
III. as Subst.,
1. ὕπατος, ὁ, = Lat. consul, Plb.6.12.1, al., D.H.4.76, 6.1,7.1, al., Mon. Anc.Gr.5.1; cf. “στρατηγός” 11.4:—hence also, = ὑπατικός, τὰν ὑπάταν ἀρχάν Epigr. ap. Plu.Marc.30; but in this sense commonly with masc.termin., “ὕπατον ἀρχὴν ἔχειν” Plb.2.11.1 (pl.), cf. 3.40.9, Hdn.2.6.6; “ὕπατος τιμή” J.BJ7.4.2.
