Viriāthus
A celebrated Lusitanian who is described by the Romans as originally a shepherd or
huntsman, and afterwards a robber, or, as he would be called in Spain in the present day, a
guerrilla chief. He was one of the Lusitanians who escaped the treacherous and savage massacre
of the people by the proconsul Galba in B.C. 150. (See
Galba.) He collected a formidable force, and for several successive years defeated one
Roman army after another. In 140 the proconsul Fabius Servilianus concluded a peace with
Viriathus in order to save his army, which had been enclosed by the Lusitanians in a mountain
pass. But Servilius Caepio, who succeeded to the command of Farther Spain in 140, renewed the
war, and shortly afterwards procured the assassination of Viriathus by bribing three of his
friends (Appian,
Hisp. 60-75; Eutrop. iv. 16; Val. Max. ix. 6, 4).