Browsing named entities in Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight). You can also browse the collection for 1530 AD or search for 1530 AD in all documents.

Your search returned 9 results in 7 document sections:

Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), A. (search)
heir faces, and on account of the difficulty of their construction are seldom employed, unless in railroad bridges where the direction of the line of the road renders it necessary to cross streams obliquely to their courses. In such cases it is necessary that the piers should be parallel to the current of the stream, in order to offer as little resistance as possible and afford a free passage to the water. A bridge arched in this manner is said to have been built near Florence as early as 1530, but their general introduction dates no farther back than the era of the commencement of railroad construction, about or a little previous to 1830. Skew arch. The ordinary method of building a skew arch (Fig. 390) is to make it a portion of a hollow cylinder, the voussoirs being laid in parallel spiral courses, and their beds worked in such a manner that in any section of the cylinder perpendicular to its axis the lines formed by their intersection with the plane of section shall radi
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
two different metals. With the improvements as adapted to instruments having a balance-wheel this article has to do. The proposition to determine longitude at sea by means of a timepiece and observation for noon was made by Gemma Frisius, in 1530. The attempt did not fail for want of suggestions; Alonzo de Santa Cruz suggested to determine it by the variation of the compass-needle, and by sand-and-water timepieces, wheel-work moved by weights, and by wicks saturated with oil, which were snt dial-work for changing the hour into sixty minutes which divide the circumference of the dial, traversed by an additional hand in the center of the clock-face. Clocks were applied to purposes of astronomy as early as 1484. Gemma Trosius, in 1530, suggested their use at sea for acertaining the longitude. In 1741, the English government offered a reward of £ 20,000 for a correct mode of determining longitude at sea. This was won by Harrison, in 1762, who invented and introduced the compens
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), F. (search)
pars and sails dragging overboard, to lessen the drift of a ship to leeward in a gale. A drag-anchor (which see). Float′ing-bat′tery. A vessel strengthened so as to be shot-proof, or as nearly so as possible, and intended for operating in comparatively smooth water, for defending harbors or attacking fortifications. We are told that a ship of this kind called the Santa Anna, sheathed with lead, of 1,700 tons burden, carrying 50 guns and having a crew of 300 men, was built at Nice in 1530. She belonged to the Knights of St. John, and was employed by Charles. V. against Tunis in 1535. Crimean floating-battery. At the siege of Gibraltar in 1782, by the French and Spanish, ten Spanish war vessels were converted into floating-batteries by strengthening their sides with timber, raw hides, and junk, to a thickness of seven feet; they were also fitted with sloping bombproof roofs or decks, and are said to have mounted 212 guns, principally 32-pounders, which were considered h
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), K. (search)
for superior articles of house in England and France in the first half of the sixteenth century. Knitted silk stockings were worn by Henry II, of France, 1547, and by Queen Elizabeth in 1560. About this time knitted worsted stockings were made by William Rider of London, after the pattern of some imported from Mantua. Silk and worsted stockings were imported from Spain and Italy into England during the reign of Henry VIII. Spain was always famous for its sheep and wool. (See merino.) In 1530 the word knit was common in England, and occurs in Palgrave's grammar. In 1577 the country folks knitted their own stockings. In 1589, William Lee, M. A., of Cambridge, England, invented and made a model of a knittingframe. He applied to Elizabeth for help, and then to Henry IV. of France, who promised it. The assassination of Henry threw him into poverty and obscurity, in which he died. His workmen, with their stocking-frames, settled in Derbyshire and started a factory, which soon th
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
3. The English navy consisted of 42 ships. 1610. The Prince, 1,400 tons, built by James I. The Carrack was a large ship. The Santa Anna was the property of the Knights of St. John, of about 1,700 tons, sheathed with lead, and built at Nice, 1530. It was a floating fortress, and aided Charles V in taking Tunis in 1535. It had a crew of 300 men, and 50 pieces of artillery. Of celebrated voyages may be mentioned that of the Phoenicians in the time of Pharaoh Necho (B. C. 610) in circuas the first great improvement upon spinning by a distaff and spindle. It appears to have been in use for many ages in Hindustan, but did not reach Europe before the sixteenth century. One account states that it was invented at Nuremberg about 1530: the statement is improbable. The accompanying cut is taken from an illuminated manuscript of the fourteenth century, in the British Museum (M. S. Reg. 10 E. IV.), and represents a lady spinning at her wheel. Spinning-wheel. The spindl
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), U. (search)
elipe Guillen. So earnest were the endeavors to learn more exactly the direction of the curves of magnetic declination, that in 1585 Juan Jayme sailed with Francisco Gali from Manila to Acapulco for the sole purpose of trying in the Pacific a declination-instrument which he had invented. The cosmographer Alonso de Santa Cruz, one of the instructors of Charles V., undertook the drawing up of the first general Variation chart, although indeed from very imperfect observations, as early as 1530, or a century and a half before Halley. The movement of the magnetic lines, the first recognition of which is usually ascribed to Gassendi, was not even yet conjectured by William Gilbert; but at an earlier period Acosta, from the information of Portuguese navigators, assumed four lines of no declination upon the surface of the globe. Hardly had the inclinometer, or dipping-needle, been invented in England by Robert Norman, in 1576, than Gilbert boasted that by means of this instrument he
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), W. (search)
surface of the mold so as to make the paper thinner where it is prevented by the wire from coming in direct contact with the longitudinal wires. The water-marks used by the earlier paper-makers have given names to several of the present standard sizes of paper, as pot, foolscap, crown, elephant, fan, post, the latter dating from the year 1670, when a general post-office was established in England, and formerly bearing the device of a postman's horn; the first was in use at least as early as 1530. Up to the year 1855, the very elaborate water-mark employed by the Bank of England, which for a long series of years had its paper made at one mill in Hampshire, was formed by affixing wires to the molds as above indicated, involving, in a pair of molds for the production of the device, several hundred thousand stitches. At present, the device representing the water-mark is stamped in the fine wire gauze of the mold itself. The design is engraved on a block, from which an electrotype