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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), F. (search)
1857. 22,752C. SharpsJan. 25, 1859. 24,730Gallagher and GladdingJuly 12, 1859. 25,926Wesson and HarringtonOct. 25, 1859. 26,364E. MaynardDec. 6, 1859. 27,399J. M. WamplerMar. 6, 1860. 27,723Letort and MathewsApr. 3, 1860. 29,152M. J. GallagherJuly 17, 1860. 30,228F. JonesOct. 2, 1860. 30,372C. O. WoodJan. 1, 1861. 31,050C. O. WoodJan. 1, 1861. 32,653H. SchroderJune 25, 1861. 32,895C. D. SchubarthJuly 23, 1861. 36,571M. MosesSept. 30, 1862. 36,925F. WessonNov. 11, 1862. 39,494J. PercyAug. 11, 1863. 39,707C. E. SneiderAug. 25, 1863. 42,648W. H. ElliotMay 10, 1864. 42,649W. H. ElliotMay 10, 1864. 42,698E. T. StarrMay 10, 1864. 43,929G. J. RichardsonAug. 23, 1864. 44,123J. StevensSept. 6, 1864. 44,290W. C. DodgeSept. 20, 1864. 44,312W. D. HillsSept. 20, 1864. 46,054C. E. SneiderJan. 24, 1865. 47,755C. E. SneiderMay 16, 1865. 48,966E. MaynardJuly 25, 1865. 50,048T. L. SturtevantSept. 19, 1865. 50,432W. RichardsOct. 10, 1865. 50,854T. L. SturtevantNov. 7, 1865.
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), I. (search)
present in the ore, is grayish, varying from blackish to a clear lead-color. When powdered and burned in the open air it sparkles brilliantly, as does iron burned in an atmosphere of oxygen. Angle, bar, girder, and rail irons. Taylor describes a method of making cast-iron from oxides of iron by reducing magnetic iron ores to powder and separating the iron oxides therefrom by magnets, and preparing and uniting the same for use in the furnace. See steel. Also, and much better, see Percy's Metallurgy, iron and steel, London, 1864. 2. An instrument or utensil of iron. A box-iron, flat-iron, smoothing-iron, sad-iron, or Italian-iron is a form of heated instrument for smoothing damped clothes, starched or otherwise. Angle, bar, girder, and rail irons. The iron-heater is a piece of metal or wire heated in the fire and placed in an urn, box-iron or Italianiron, to heat it. The iron-holder is a pad upon the handle to protect the hand; or is a ring or tripod to stan
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), R. (search)
ed exceedingly tough and flexible by refining and annealing. Its peculiar surface is a combined silicate and oxide of iron, produced by passing the hot sheet, moistened with a solution of wood ashes, between polished steel rollers. Most of the attempts to imitate the Russia sheetiron have been to give it a surface of carburet of iron. Probably the most reliable description accessible is that given by Captain Meshtcherkin, a Russian mining-engineer conversant with the manufacture, to Dr. Percy. According to this officer, the manufacture is principally confined to the eastern or Asiatic side of the Ural Mountains. Charcoal iron from magnetic ore, carbonate, or red and brown hematite, and refined in the charcoal finery or the puddlingfurnace, is employed. It should be rather crystalline than fibrous, and contain sufficient carbon to render it somewhat steely. The puddle-halls are rolled into bars 5 inches wide by 1/4 inch thick. Either one or two pairs of rolls, making no
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
tests were made in London also at the West Point Foundry, the average strength of 12 specimens at the latter place being 179,980 lbs. to the square inch, the lowest 163,760 lbs., and the highest 198,910 lbs. The highest strength of steel given in Percy's Metallurgy of iron and steel is 132.909 lbs per square inch. The following occurs in the report of Captain J. B. Eads, the engineer of the bridge:— Chromium unites with iron and forms an alloy similar in its properties to steel. Chromiu1864. Macerate grain in sulphurousacid gas water. January 5, 1865. Add bicarbonate of soda to above, developing hyposulphurous acid. Goessling, December 20, 1864. Attempts to crystallize a mixture of corn or starch sirup and cane-sugar. Percy, February 28, 1865. Whey of milk and albumen boiled, and the resulting lactine treated with sulphuric acid or malt to produce glucose. Hawks, June 27, 1865. Ground malt is macerated with corn meal and elutriated to remove saccharine, which i
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
hundred dyes of all the beautiful colors of the spectrum, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet; first came the mauvine and rose aniline in 1856, then the aniline red in 1859, then the aniline blue in 1860, then the aniline green in 1863; after that the violets of methylic and ethylic rosaline, and aniline black. In 1870, alizarine, the coloring principle of madder, was produced from one of the coal-tar products. Dr. Hofmann, of the University of Berlin, furnishes, in Percy's metallurgy, the following list of the compounds generated by the destructive distillation of coal, the new atomic weights being used. HydrogenH WaterH2O Carbonic oxideCO Carbonic acidCO2 Sulphurous acidSO2 Hydrosulphuric acid (sulphuretted hydrogen).H2S Bisulphide of carbonCS2 Hydrocyanic acidHCN Hydrosulphocyanic acidHCNS Acetic acidC2H4O2 Carbolic acid (phenol)C6H6O Cresylic acid (cresol)C7H8O Phlorylic acid (phlorol)C8H10O Rosolic acidC20H10O3 (?) Hydrocabons. Methane
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), W. (search)
marked in Roman letters. The watch had originally a catgut between the spring-barrel and the train. A bell fills the hollow of the skull, and receives the works within it. A hammer set in motion by a separate escapement sounds the hours. It was evidently intended for a prie-dieu, or domestic altar. Memento mori watch of Mary Queen of Scots. Watches stolen from Charles V. and Louis XI. in crowds were discovered by their striking while in possession of thieves. When Guy Fawkes and Percy were detected in the third year of James I. in attempting to Blow up the House of Lords, The king and all his ministers, they had a watch to try conclusions for the long and short burning of the touchwood [fuse] which was prepared to give fire to the train of gunpowder. This day was left at my house a very neat silver watch. — Pepys's Diary, 1665. The early watches had but one hand, and required winding twice a day. The substitution of a spring for weights was made about 1550.