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sed indignation of the Athenians burst forth. The peace with Philip was now declared violated (B. C. 340); a fleet was sent to relieve Byzantium (Plut. Phoc. 14), and Philip was compelled to withdraw260, &c.) He thus at once gave a fresh impulse to the maritime power and enterprise of Athens, B. C. 340. Philip now assumed the appearance of giving himself no further concern about the affairs ofe the last stroke at the independence of Greece. He calculated well; for when in the spring of B. C. 340 the Amphictyons assembled at Delphi, Aeschines, who was present as pylagoras, effected a decreth\n *)Epistolh\n th\n *Fili/ppou *Pro\s th\n *)Epistolh\n th\n *Fili/ppou refers to the year B. C. 340, but is a spurious oration. Becker, Philip. Reden, ii. p. 516, &c. B. Other Political Oratiori/nhs; Schaefer, Appar. Crit. v. p. 473.) 58. *Kata\ *Neai/ras *Kata\ *Neai/ras, refers to B. C. 340, but is considered spurious both by ancient and modern writers. (Dionys. de Admir. vi die. Dem
orts his countrymen to unite and resist the treacherous aggressor. Soon after this, the tyrants whom Philip had established in Euboea were expelled through the influence and assistance of Demosthenes (Dem. de Coron. p. 254); but it was not till B. C. 341, when Philip laid siege to Perinthus and attacked Byzantium, that the long-sup-pressed indignation of the Athenians burst forth. The peace with Philip was now declared violated (B. C. 340); a fleet was sent to relieve Byzantium (Plut. Phoc. 14)lippic, delivered in B. C. 342. See Vömel, Demosthenis Philip. III. habitant esse ante Chersonesiticam, Frankf. 1837; L. Spengel, Ueber die dritte Philip. Rede des Dem., Munich, 1839. 10. The fourth Philippic The fourth Philippic, belongs to B. C. 341, but is thought by nearly all critics to be spurious. See Becker, Philip. Reden, ii. p. 491, &c.; W. H. Veersteg, Orat. Philip. IV. Demosth. aljudicatur, Groningae, 1818. 11. *Pro\s th\n *)Epistolh\n th\n *Fili/ppou *Pro\s th\n *)Epistolh\n
energetic demonstration of the Athenians under Diopeithes. The complaints which Philip then made roused Demosthenes, in B. C. 342, to his powerful oration peri\ tw=n e)n *Xerroonh/s/y, and to his third Philippic, in which he describes the king's faion under the name of Hegesippus in 1833. 8. *Peri\ tw=n e)n *Xerrsonh/sw| *Peri\ tw=n e)n *Xerroonh/sw| delivered in B. C. 342. 9. The third Philippic The third Philippic, delivered in B. C. 342. See Vömel, Demosthenis Philip. III. habitant esB. C. 342. See Vömel, Demosthenis Philip. III. habitant esse ante Chersonesiticam, Frankf. 1837; L. Spengel, Ueber die dritte Philip. Rede des Dem., Munich, 1839. 10. The fourth Philippic The fourth Philippic, belongs to B. C. 341, but is thought by nearly all critics to be spurious. See Becker, Philip.t. pro Ctesiph. praestantia, Isenac. 1832. 18. *Peri\ th=s *Parapredbei/as *Peri\ th=s *Parapredbei/as, delivered in B. C. 342. 19. *Peri\ th=s a)telei/as pro\s *Lepti/nhn *Peri\ th=s a)telei/as pro\s *Lepti/nhn, was spoken in B. C. 355. Edi
ng delay he consented to render an account of his conduct during the embassy, B. C. 343, escaped punishment, notwithstanding the vehement attacks of Demosthenes in t they would receive it as such. On the return of the ambassadors to Athens in B. C. 343, the oration on Halonesus (*peri\ *(Alonh/don) was delivered. It is usually ptein in Jahn's Jahrb. vol. 11.2, p. 144, &c. 7. On Halonesus On Halonesus, B. C. 343, was suspected by the ancients themselves, and ascribed to Hegesippus. (Liban44 and 45. The two orations against Stephanus, belong to the time previous to B. C. 343. The genuineness of the first is doubted by I. Bekker. See C. D. Beel, Diatri6. 47. *Kata\ *)Olumpiodw/rou bla/bhs *Kata\ *)Olumpiodw/rou bla/bhs after B. C. 343. 48. *Pro\s *Timo/qeon u(pe\r xre/ews *Pro\s *Timo/qeon u(pe\r xre/ews, fav. *)Apografh/. 53. *Kata\ *Ko/nwnos abi)ki/as *Kata\ *Ko/nwnos abi)ki/as, B. C. 343. 54. *Pro\s *Kallakle/a peri\ xwri/ou *Pro\s *Kallakle/a peri\ xwri/ou, of
d those complaints; their endeavours to disguise Philip's real intentions and to represent them to the people in a favourable light, afforded an opportunity for Demosthenes, when the answer to be sent to the king was discussed in the assembly, B. C. 344, to place in his second Philippic the proceedings and designs of the king and his Athenian friends in their true light. The answer which the Athenians sent to Philip was probably not very satisfactory to him, for he immediately sent another emb. Respecting the question as to whether this oration was actually delivered or not, see Becker, Philippische Reden, i. p. 222, &c., and Vömel, Prolegom. ad Orat. de Pace, p. 240, &c. 6. The second Philippic The second Philippic, delivered in B. C. 344. See Vömel, Integram esse Demosth. Philip. II. apparet ex dispositione, Frankf. 1828, whose opinion is opposed by Rauchenstein in Jahn's Jahrb. vol. 11.2, p. 144, &c. 7. On Halonesus On Halonesus, B. C. 343, was suspected by the ancients the
on to his becoming a member of the Amphictyonic league. The mischief, however, was done, and in order to prevent still more serious consequences, Demosthenes, in B. C. 346, delivered his oration " on the peace" (pepi\ ei)rh/nhs), and the people gave way. From this time forward the two political parties are fully developed, and option of the Olynthiac orations, with notes, by C. H. Frotscher and C. H. Funkhänel, Leipzig, 1834, 8vo. 5. On the Peace The oration on the Peace, delivered in B. C. 346. Respecting the question as to whether this oration was actually delivered or not, see Becker, Philippische Reden, i. p. 222, &c., and Vömel, Prolegom. ad Orat. in date. 55. *Kata\ *Dionusodw/rou bla/bhs *Kata\ *Dionusodw/rou bla/bhs, B. C. 329. 56. *)/Efesis pro\s *Eu)bouli/dhn *)/Efesis pro\s *Eu)bouli/dhn, after B. C. 346. 57. *Kata\ *Qeokri/nou e)/ndeicis *Kata\ *Qeokri/nou e)/ndeicis, belongs to B. C. 325, but is probably the work of Deinarchus. (Dionys. Deinarch. 10; Argum.
neness is doubted by some of the ancients. See the Greek Argumentum. 35. *(Upe\r *Formi/wnos paragrafh/ *(Upe\r *Formi/wnos paragrafh/, belongs to B. C. 350. 36. *Pro\s *Pantai/neton paragrafh/ *Pro\s *Pantai/neton paragrafh/, falls after B. C. 347. 37. *Pro\s *Nausi/maxon kai\ *Cenopei/qh paragrafh/ *Pro\s *Nausi/maxon kai\ *Cenopei/qh paragrafh/, is of uncertain date. 38. *Pro\s *Boiwto\n peri\ tou o)no/maatos *Pro\s *Boiwto\n peri\ tou o)no/maatos, belongs to B. C. 351 or 350, and was ascribed by some of the ancients to Deinarchus. (Dionys. Deinarch. 13.) See Böckh, Urkund. über. das Att. Seewesen, p. 22, &c. 39. *Pro\s *Boiwto\n n(pe\r proiko\s mhtrw/|as *Pro\s *Boiwto\n n(pe\r proiko\s mhtrw/|as, B. C. 347. 40. *Pro\s *Spoudi/an u(pe\r proiko/s *Pro\s *Spoudi/an u(pe\r proiko/s, of uncertain date. 41. *Pro\s *Fai/nippon peri\ a)ntido/sews *Pro\s *Fai/nippon peri\ a)ntido/sews, of uncertain date. The genuineness of this oration is doubted by the author of the
ny definite plan in the war against Macedonia, although the necessity of such a plan had been pointed out, and proposals had been made for it by Demosthenes in his first Philippic, which was spoken in B. C. 352. Philip's attack upon Olynthus in B. C. 349, which terminated in the year following with the conquest of the place, deprived the Athenians of their last stronghold in the north. At the request of several embassies from the Olynthians, and on the impressive exhortation of Demosthenes in h. dicitur, Vratislaviae, 1831, and especially by Seebeck in the Zeitschrift für d. Alterthumswiss. for 1838, No. 91, &c. 2-4. The first, second, and third Olynthiac Orations The first, second, and third Olynthiac orations belong to the year B. C. 349. Dionysius (Ep. ad Amm. 1.4) makes the second the first, and the third the second in the series; and this order has been defended by R. Rauchenstein, de Orat. Olynth. ordine, Leipz. 1821, which is reprinted in vol. i. of Schaefer's Apparatus.
h/ *Pro\s *)Apatou/rion paragrhrafh/, is of uncertain date. 33. *Pro\s *Formi/wna peri\ danei/ou *Pro\s *Formi/wna peri\ danei/ou, was spoken in B. C. 332. See Baumstark, Prolegom. in Orat Demosth. adv. Phorm., Heidelberg, 1826. 34. *Pros th\n *Lakri/tou paragrafh/n *Pros th\n *Lakri/tou paragrafh/n, is of uncertain date, and its genuineness is doubted by some of the ancients. See the Greek Argumentum. 35. *(Upe\r *Formi/wnos paragrafh/ *(Upe\r *Formi/wnos paragrafh/, belongs to B. C. 350. 36. *Pro\s *Pantai/neton paragrafh/ *Pro\s *Pantai/neton paragrafh/, falls after B. C. 347. 37. *Pro\s *Nausi/maxon kai\ *Cenopei/qh paragrafh/ *Pro\s *Nausi/maxon kai\ *Cenopei/qh paragrafh/, is of uncertain date. 38. *Pro\s *Boiwto\n peri\ tou o)no/maatos *Pro\s *Boiwto\n peri\ tou o)no/maatos, belongs to B. C. 351 or 350, and was ascribed by some of the ancients to Deinarchus. (Dionys. Deinarch. 13.) See Böckh, Urkund. über. das Att. Seewesen, p. 22, &c. 39. *Pro\s *Boiwto\n
then. cujus ordinat. et correct. in orat. *Peri\ *Summ. inscripta suadet Demosth., Magdeburg, 1836. 14. *(Upe\r *Megalopolitw=n *(Upe\r *Megalopolitw=n, B. C. 353. 15. *Peri\ th=s *(Rodi/wn e)leuqeri/as *Peri\ th=s *(Rodi/wn e)leuqeri/as, B. C. 351. 16. *Peri\ tw=n pro\s *)Ale/candron sunqhkw=n *Peri\ tw=n pro\s *)Ale/candron sunqhkw=n, refers to B. C. 325, and was recognized as spurious by the ancients themselves. (Dionys. de Admir. vi die. Dem. 57; Liban. Argum. p. 211.) II. Judicialls after B. C. 347. 37. *Pro\s *Nausi/maxon kai\ *Cenopei/qh paragrafh/ *Pro\s *Nausi/maxon kai\ *Cenopei/qh paragrafh/, is of uncertain date. 38. *Pro\s *Boiwto\n peri\ tou o)no/maatos *Pro\s *Boiwto\n peri\ tou o)no/maatos, belongs to B. C. 351 or 350, and was ascribed by some of the ancients to Deinarchus. (Dionys. Deinarch. 13.) See Böckh, Urkund. über. das Att. Seewesen, p. 22, &c. 39. *Pro\s *Boiwto\n n(pe\r proiko\s mhtrw/|as *Pro\s *Boiwto\n n(pe\r proiko\s mhtrw/|as, B. C. 3
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