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Browsing named entities in a specific section of A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith). Search the whole document.

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256 BC (search for this): entry leonidas-ii-bio-1
Leo'nidas Ii. （*Lewni/das), king of Sparta, was son of the traitor, Cleonymus, and 28th of the Agids. He acted as guardian to his infant relative, Areus II., on whose death, at the age of eight years, he ascended the throne, about B. C. 256, being by this time considerably advanced in life. A great part of his earlier years he had spent in the courts of Seleucus Nicator and his satraps, and had even married an Asiatic wife, by whom he had two children. From this it is reasonable to suppose that he reversed the policy of his predecessors, who had cultivated a connection with Egypt: and it is at least an ingenious conjecture of Droysen's, that the adventurer, Xanthippus, who entered at this period into the Carthaginian service, and whom he identifies with the general of Ptolemy Euergetes in his war with Seleucus Callinicus, may have been one of those who, as favourers of the Egyptian alliance, were driven from Sparta by the party of Leonidas. (Droysen, Hellenismus, vol. ii. pp. 296, 34
236 BC (search for this): entry leonidas-ii-bio-1
estoration (B. C. 240), he listened to the entreaties of Cheilonis, and spared the life of her husband, Cleombrotus, contenting himself with his banishment; but he caused Agis to be put to death, though he owed his own life to the protection he had afforded him in his flight to Tegea. Archidamus, the brother of Agis, fled from Sparta: Agiatis, his widow, was forced by Leonidas into a marriage with his son, Cleomenes; and it seems doubtful whether the child Eurydamidas, her son by Agis, was allowed to bear the name of king. At any rate the whole of the royal power (such as it was, in a selfish oligarchy, of which he was the tool) remained with Leonidas; and Plutarch tells us that he utterly neglected public affairs, caring for nothing but a life of ease and luxury. He died about B. C. 236, and was succeeded by his son, Cleomenes III. (Plut. Agis, 3, 7, 10-12, 16-21, Cleom. 1-3; Paus. 3.6; Clinton, F. H. vol. ii. p. 217; Droysen, Hellenismus, vol. ii. pp. 295, 296, 384, &c., 445.) [E.E]
240 BC (search for this): entry leonidas-ii-bio-1
nst him in his absence, the throne was transferred to his son-in-law, Cleombrotus; and the ephors of the succeeding year having failed in their attempt to crush Lysander and his colleague, Mandrocleidas, by a prosecution [see Vol. I. p.73], Leonidas went into exile to Tegea. * It is erroneously stated, in Vol. I. p. 6.91, that his daughter Cheilonis accompanied him thither. See Plut. Agis 17. When the misconduct of Agesilaus, the uncle of Agis, had led, not long after, to his restoration (B. C. 240), he listened to the entreaties of Cheilonis, and spared the life of her husband, Cleombrotus, contenting himself with his banishment; but he caused Agis to be put to death, though he owed his own life to the protection he had afforded him in his flight to Tegea. Archidamus, the brother of Agis, fled from Sparta: Agiatis, his widow, was forced by Leonidas into a marriage with his son, Cleomenes; and it seems doubtful whether the child Eurydamidas, her son by Agis, was allowed to bear the n