A.“-υ^νῶ” E. Hipp.719, Ion. “-υνέω” Hdt.9.53: aor. “ᾔσχυ_να” Il.23.571, Lys.1.4, etc.: pf. “ἠ̔́σχυγκα” D.C. 58.16 :—Pass., fut. “αἰσχυ^νοῦμαι” A.Ag.856, Ar.Fr. 200, Pl. Ti.49d, etc., rarely αἰσχυνθήσομαι (v. sub fin.) : aor. “ᾐσχύνθην” Hdt. and Att., poet. inf. “αἰσχυνθῆμεν” Pi.N.9.27 : pf. ᾔσχυμμαι (v. infr. B. I) :—make ugly, disfigure, πρόσωπον, κόμην, Il.18.24, 27, cf. S.Ant.529; αἰ. τὸν ἵππον give the horse a bad form, X.Eq.1.12.
2. mostly in moral sense, dishonour, tarnish, “μηδὲ γένος πατέρων αἰσχυνέμεν” Il.6.209, cf. 23.57<*>; “τὴν Σπάρτην” Hdt.9.53; “ξενίαν τράπεζαν” A.Ag.401; “τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος” S.Aj.1305; “τοὺς πατέρας” Pl.Mx. 246d.
b. esp. dishonour a woman, E.El.44, cf. Plu.Marc.19, etc.; “εὐνήν” A.Ag.1626; εἰς τὸ σῶμα αἰ. Arist.Pol.1311b7; abs., Foed. Delph.Pell.2A 12.
B. Pass., to be dishonoured, νέκυς ἠ̔σχυμμένος, of Patroclus, Il. 18.180.
2. more commonly, to be ashamed at a thing, c. acc. rei, “αἰσχυνόμενοι φάτιν ἀνδρῶν” Od.21.323; “τὴν δυσγένειαν τὴν ἐμὴν αἰ.” S.OT1079 : c. dat. rei, Ar.Nu.992, Lys.3.9, D.4.42, etc.; “αἰ. ἐπί τινι” X.Mem.2.2.8; “ἔν τινι” Th.2.43; “ὑπέρ τινος” Lys.14.39; “περί τινος” 33.6. etc.
b. c. part., to be ashamed at doing a thing (which one does), A.Pr.642 (v.l.), S.Ant.540, Ar.Fr.200, Pl.Grg. 494e, etc.
c. c. inf., to be ashamed to do a thing (and therefore not to do it), Hdt.1.82, A.Ag.856, Ch.917, Pl.R.414e, Phdr.257d, etc.; though this condition must not be pressed absolutely, cf. Ap. 22b.
d. foll. by relat. clause, αἰσχύνεσθαι εἰ . . to be ashamed that . . , S.El.254, And.4.42; “ἐάν . . ” X.Oec.21.4; “μὴ . . ” Pl.Tht.183e, cf. Machoap.Ath.13.579f; “ὅτι . . ” Lys.2.23.
3. c. acc. pers., to feel shame before one, E.Ion934, 1074, Pherecr.23.6, Pl.Smp.216b; τοὺς γέροντας (at Sparta) Aeschin.1.180; ὅστις γὰρ αὐτὸς αὑτὸν οὐκ αἰσχύνεται, πῶστόν γε μηδὲν εἰδότ᾽ αἰσχυνθήσεται; Philem.229, cf. Gal. 5.26: c. acc. et inf., E.Hel.415; “ᾑσχύνθημεν θεοὺς . . προδοῦναι αὐτόν” X.An.2.3.22; “αἰσχύνομαι ὑμᾶς λέγειν” D.40.48; “αἰ. πρός τινα” Arist.Rh. 1383b12.
