[7]
τῆς δὲ ἐν κώλοις λέξεως ἡ μὲν διῃρημένη ἐστὶν ἡ δὲ ἀντικειμένη, διῃρημένη μὲν, οἷον “πολλάκις ἐθαύμασα τῶν
τὰς πανηγύρεις συναγαγόντων καὶ τοὺς γυμνικοὺς ἀγῶνας καταστησάντων”, ἀντικειμένη δέ, ἐν ᾗ ἑκατέρῳ τῷ κώλῳ ἢ πρὸς ἐναντίῳ ἐναντίον σύγκειται ἢ ταὐτὸ ἐπέζευκται τοῖς ἐναντίοις,
οἷον “ἀμφοτέρους δ᾽ ὤνησαν, καὶ τοὺς ὑπομείναντας καὶ τοὺς ἀκολουθήσαντας: τοῖς μὲν γὰρ πλείω τῆς οἴκοι προσεκτήσαντο, τοῖς δ᾽ ἱκανὴν τὴν οἴκοι κατέλιπον”:
ἐναντία ὑπομονὴ ἀκολούθησις, ἱκανὸν πλεῖον. “ὥστε καὶ τοῖς χρημάτων δεομένοις καὶ τοῖς ἀπολαῦσαι βουλομένοις”: ἀπόλαυσις κτήσει ἀντίκειται. καὶ ἔτι “συμβαίνει πολλάκις ἐν ταύταις καὶ τοὺς φρονίμους ἀτυχεῖν καὶ τοὺς ἄφρονας κατορθοῦν”. “εὐθὺς μὲν τῶν ἀριστείων ἠξιώθησαν, οὐ
πολὺ δὲ ὕστερον τὴν ἀρχὴν τῆς θαλάττης ἔλαβον”. “πλεῦσαι μὲν διὰ τῆς ἠπείρου, πεζεῦσαι δὲ διὰ τῆς θαλάττης, τὸν μὲν Ἑλλήσποντον ζεύξας, τὸν δ᾽ Ἄθω διορύξας.” “καὶ φύσει πολίτας ὄντας νόμῳ τῆς πόλεως στέρεσθαι.” “οἱ μὲν γὰρ αὐτῶν κακῶς ἀπώλοντο, οἱ δ᾽ αἰσχρῶς ἐσώθησαν.”
“καὶ ἰδίᾳ μὲν τοῖς βαρβάροις οἰκέταις χρῆσθαι, κοινῇ δὲ πολλοὺς τῶν συμμάχων περιορᾶν δουλεύοντας.” “ἢ ζῶντας ἕξειν ἢ τελευτήσαντας καταλείψειν.” καὶ ὃ εἰς Πειθόλαόν τις εἶπεν καὶ Λυκόφρονα ἐν τῷ δικαστηρίῳ, “οὗτοι δ᾽ ὑμᾶς οἴκοι μὲν ὄντες ἐπώλουν, ἐλθόντες δ᾽ ὡς ὑμᾶς ἐώνηνται”.
ἅπαντα γὰρ ταῦτα ποιεῖ τὸ εἰρημένον.
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Ars Rhetorica. Aristotle. W. D. Ross. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1959.
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