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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), B. (search)
lades. 5. (Shipwrighting.) The float or vane of a paddle-wheel or propeller. Blanc′ard. （Fabric.) A linen cloth of Normandy, made of half-bleached thread. Blan′chard lathe. A lathe for turning irregular forms, invented by Thomas Blanchard. It was the first successful lathe for turning gun-stocks, axehandles, shoe-lasts, etc. The idea was partly elicited in Brunel's block-turning machine. See Blockmaking machine; lathe. Blanched Cop′per. （Metallurgy.) An alloy comphe plas- ter has partially set, and while it is yet in a soft state, the mold is divided into sections for removal by strings or fine wires previously arranged in the interior. Busts are now turned by machinery constructed on the principle of Blanchard's lathe for turning irregular forms, which was originally applied to turning gun-stocks and spokes for carriagewheels. Butterfly-valves. Butter-tongs. Butter-worker. Butter-worker. Butch′er-knife. A knife for cutting meat.
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
tinuously throughout the train are found in the patents of Marks, 1854, acting by rods and chains; Stewart, 1859, having rods and cog-wheels; Burrows, 1862, by rods and levers. Devlan's patent of 1861 acts by grasping the axle of the wheels; Blanchard's, 1866, by a shoe on the rail. Of the car-brakes exhibited at the Paris Exposition, 1862, Creamer's was automatic, instantaneous, and simultaneously applied to all the wheels of each car. The machinery of the system in common use remains directions of motion constitute universal joints, and enable any and every similar part, of all three objects, to be presented to the tracer and cutters respectively. The machines are used for wood, soft stone, marble, and alabaster. The Blanchard machine for turning irregular forms has been used for turning lasts, spokes, axehandles, gun-stocks, busts, etc., and in some of its applications may be termed a carving-machine. It differs from those just described in the circumstance that th
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), F. (search)
if not money, for he was afterwards reputed a sorcerer. It was in 1783 that the Montgolfiers discovered that the lesser specific gravity of heated air created an ascensive force by which heavy objects might be raised through the atmosphere; and in less than a month afterwards hydrogen gas, which had then been known for about seventeen years, was successfully employed in a balloon for the same purpose. This seemed to render the idea of aerial navigation more feasible, and accordingly Blanchard, one of the earliest aeronauts, on his first ascent from Paris in March, 1784, provided his balloon with wings and a rudder, but found them useless. After this we hear little of attempts to guide or propel balloons through the air until about 1843, when Mr. Monck Mason proposed the Archimedean screw as a motor, and constructed an egg-shaped balloon, which was placed on a wooden frame in the form of a canoe, with an Archimedean screw at one end and an ovalshaped rudder at the other. A mod
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), L. (search)
ded-work lathe.Hollow-mandrel lathe. Bead-tool.Hook-tool. Bearer.Inside-tool. Bed.Ironing-lathe. Bed-lathe.Last-lathe. Belt-shifter.Lathe-chuck. Belt-tightener.Lathe-dog. Bench-lathe.Lathe for irregular forms. Bevel-tool.Leading-screw. Blanchard lathe.Mandrel-lathe. Boring-collar.Nulled-work lathe. Bottom-tool.Oval chuck. Branch-chuck.Oval lathe. Broad.Overhead motion. Button-lathe.Pail-lathe. Carrier.Parting-tool. Car-wheel lathe.Pivot-lathe. Center-chuck.Planisher. Centeringeiving its direction from a shaper placed parallel thereto, making the groove deeper at the ends than at the central part, where the sheave-pin is inserted. The parent of all recent machines of this kind is, however, the lathe invented by Thomas Blanchard of Philadelphia, and patented by him September 6, 1819. This lathe for turning irregular forms contains the generic idea of all machines for duplicating shapes by using a model in conjunction with a blank, the outline of the model guiding
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
It was not employed in Europe till 1783, when M. le Normand proved its efficacy by letting himself from the windows of a lofty house in the city of Lyons. Blanchard, in a balloon ascension in August, 1785, let down a dog from a great hight by means of a parachute, without injury. He afterward applied it to descending from a. In the United States Engineer Service they are made of wood. Corrugated metal and rubber have also been employed. The British service employs either Colonel Blanchard's or Colonel Pasley's pontons. The former are cylindrical and are made of tin-plate; they have hemispherical ends, and are divided into compartments by longances are carried on wagons which follow in the train of the army. Boats of corrugated iron, being lighter than those of wood, have also been employed. Colonel Blanchard's pontons, used in the English service, are made of tin-plate, 22 feet long, 2 1/2 feet in diameter, with hemispherical ends, and divided by several longitud
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
. 3, 1874. 147,153MuirFeb. 3, 1874. 150,492Smyth et al.May 5, 1874. 152,721BlanchardJuly 7, 1874. 3. Reciprocating Surface above Cloth. 12,364SingerFeb. 6, 185511, 1873. 136,718GoodesMar. 11, 1873. 137,689KallmeyerApr. 8, 1873. 141,987BlanchardApr. 19, 1873. 147,387GoodesFeb. 10, 1874. 151,380GraffMay 26, 1874. 152,0516, 1869. 91,684StackpoleJune 22, 1869. 93,460MacaulayAug. 10, 1869. 94,384BlanchardAug. 31, 1869. 94,924SupleeSept. 14, 1869. 99,158CarpenterJan. 25, 1870. 15, 1870. 100,112BooneFeb. 22, 1870. 100,909MacaulayMar. 15, 1870. 103,549BlanchardMay 31, 1870. (Reissue.)4,002CarpenterMay 31, 1870. 104,660StrainJune 21. 14, 1871. 112,744SibleyMar. 14, 1871. 112,980StrainMar. 21, 1871. 113,010BlanchardMar. 28, 1871. (Reissue.)4,663WillcoxDec. 5, 1871. 121,967SecorDec. 19, 1871. 123,576MathuesFeb. 13, 1872. 125,270CasselberryApr. 2, 1872. 151,558BlanchardJune 2, 1874. 156,603SpaldingNov. 3, 1874. 7. Needle-Sharpener. 114,265Clark
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
er to increase its weight, and for other purposes. The name is also applied to other materials similarly used: as, for instance, calcined or powdered gypsum; calcined, powdered, and floated sulphate of barytes. Ter′ra-cot′ta. (Fr. terre cuite, baked clay.) A compound of pure clay, fine-grained, colorless sand or calcined flints, and pulverized potsherds, is molded, dried in the air, and baked in a kiln. It is especially used for architectural decorations, figures, vases, etc. Blanchard's terra-cotta (Exposition, London, 1851) was a composition of white pipe-clay, crushed potsherds, calcined flint, flour glass, and white sand, well compounded. The molded articles were burned at a high temperature. A good article of terra-cotta is more durable when weatherexposed than most stone. Ter′ras-es. （Masonry.) Hollow defects in marble or fissures filled with nodules of other substances. The hole, being cleaned out, is filled with marble dust and mastic of the same co
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), U. (search)
a uniform velocity by means of clock-work, while a pencil receiving its motion from that of the object whose speed is to be measured describes a curve upon the paper, varying according to the varying velocity of the object. See also speed-gage; speed-measurer; speed-re-corder; speed-indicator. 3. Apparatus for measuring rate of motion of cannon-balls. See electro-ballistic apparatus; ballistic pendulum; chronograph. Ve-loc′i-pede. A species of carriage impelled by the rider. Blanchard and Magurier's velocipede was described in the Journal de Paris, 1799. Known as the accelerator, 1819. At the beginning of the century it was called a dandy horse ; this was operated by the thrust of the feet on the ground. That of the Baron de Drais, invented at Mannheim, 1817, had but two wheels, and was moved by the thrust of the feet on the ground. Subsequently those driven by a crank movement connected with the wheels and operated by the hands through the medium of cranks or whe
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), W. (search)
. 62,956.Harvey, 1867. 63,300.Prindle, 1867. 64,703Pustkutchen, 1867. 65,545.Constant et al., 1867. 67,104.Clarke et al., 1867. 68,069.Harding, 1867. 69,260.Seeley, 1867. 70,761.Taylor, 1867. 73,246.Harmyer, 1868. 73,585.Beer, 1868. 77,777.Spaulding, 1868. 78,514.Calkins, 1868. 84,733Cowling, 1868. 86,808.Bridge. 1869. 87,226.Voorhees et al., 1869. 88,392.Karmrodt et al., 1869. No.Name and Year. 91,848.Hunt, 1869. 94,204.Heinnemann, 1869. 94,626.McNair, 1869. 94,704.Blanchard, 1869. 94,869.Clark, 1869. 95,473.Heinnemann, 1869. 95,474.Heinnemann, 1869. 95,583.Hayford et al., 1869. 99,186.Haupt, 1870. 100,380.Day, 1870. 100,608.De Smedt, 1870. 101,012.Hayford, 1870. 101,691.Williams, 1870. 102,725.Stevens, 1870. 103,105.Van Camp et al., 1870. 104,916.Tripler, 1870. 104,917.Tripler, 1870. 4,837.Tripler (reissued), 1872. 4,838.Tripler (reissued), 1872. 106,625Sheldon, 1870. 107,620.Nickerson, 1870. 107,854.Beach, 1870. 4,384.Beach (reissued), 187