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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Steam navigation. (search)
uns on the Clyde 7 1/2 miles per hour. Jan. 18,1812 Steam ferry between New York and Jersey City1812 First steam-vessel on the Thames, brought by Mr. Dodd from Glasgow1815 First steamboat on the Great Lakes, the Ontario, built at Sackett's Harbor, N. Y.1816 Walk-in-the-Water, a steamboat for Lake Erie, launched at Black Rock (orkAlaskaGuionSept. 16-22, 188362140 New York to QueenstownTeutonicWhite StarOct. 21-27, 18915213 Queenstown to New YorkTeutonicWhite StarAug. 13-19, 189151631 Glasgow to New YorkCity of RomeAnchorAug. 18-24, 188662035 New York to GlasgowCity of RomeAnchorAug. 13-19, 188561825 New York to AntwerpFrieslandRed StarAugust, 189482GlasgowCity of RomeAnchorAug. 13-19, 188561825 New York to AntwerpFrieslandRed StarAugust, 189482213 Approximate Distances: Sandy Hook (Light-ship). New York, to Queenstown (Roche's Point), 2,800 miles; to Plymouth (Eddystone), 2,962 miles; to Southampton (The Needles), 3.100 miles; to Havre, 3,170 miles; to Cherbourg (The Mole), 3,184 knots. The fastest (lay's run was made by the Deutschland, of the Hamburg-American Line,
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Stobo, Robert 1727- (search)
Stobo, Robert 1727- Military officer; born in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1727; settled in Virginia early in life; appointed senior captain in a regiment recruited to oppose the French in 1754; and directed the construction of Fort Necessity. When Maj. George Washington was forced to surrender the place he was one of the hostages given to the French; was later imprisoned in Quebec, but escaped with several companions on a third attempt, and after thirty-eight days of travel and hardship reached the British army at Louisburg; was promoted major while in captivity; went to England in 1760; and was commissioned captain in the 15th Foot. He left a valuable manuscript, which was edited by James McHenry under the title Memoirs of Maj. Robert Stobo, of the Virginia Regiment. He died after 1770.
Raphael Semmes, Memoirs of Service Afloat During the War Between the States, Chapter 36: (search)
She was still good four miles to windward of us, when I resolved to try the effect of a solid shot from my rifled pivot, on the forecastle. Elevating the gun some ten degrees, we let fly the bolt. It threw up the water in a beautiful jet, within less than half a mile of her! It was enough. The schooner came to the wind, with the Federal colors at her masthead, and awaited our approach. Upon being boarded, she proved to be the Crenshaw, three days out from New York, and bound for Glasgow, in Scotland. The Crenshaw was grain-laden, though rather small for a member of the junk fleet, and there was the usual number of certificates, and British consular seals on board of her, vouching, upon good Yankee oaths, that her cargo was neutral. It was amusing to see how these merchants clung to the British seal, and appealed to the British power, when their grain sacks were in danger. But it was all to no purpose. I would have respected scrupulously any bona fide neutral ownership of pr
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), A. (search)
tank, water being allowed to run upon it from a cistern. The prussiate of potash case-hardens the iron. The wheels are on the wrought-iron suspension-principle, having chillediron hubs. Axle-tree clamp. Ax′le-tree clamp. A tool for giving the proper pitch to a new axlespindle, or for straightening one which is bent. Ax′minster Car′pet. A carpet with a flax or jute chain and a woolen or worsted filling which is formed into a pile. The patent Axminster carpet, as made at Glasgow, is made first as a woven fringe, which is afterwards adapted to a thick flax backing. The carpet is named from the town of Axminster, Devonshire, England, where the manufacture was formerly carried on. It has been discontinued at that place. It is of the Turkey variety. The linen chain or warp is placed perpendicularly between two rolls or beams, one of which carries the warp, and the other the finished carpet. Small tufts or bunches of different colored worsted or woolen are tied to<
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), B. (search)
he workmen and the texture of the goods. Dr. Henry, of Manchester, substituted lime for potash, the goods being passed through a cream of lime and then exposed to chlorine. This formed a chloride of lime on the cloth. In 1798, Tennant, of Glasgow, adopted a saturated solution of chloride of lime, and subsequently impregnated dry lime with the gas, making bleaching powder. Bleaching, of cotton goods especially, is conducted on a systematic large scale, and includes singeing and washingg machines. The fan-blower is believed to have been invented by Teral, 1729. The water-bellows by Horn blower. Blowing-machines were erected by Smeaton at the Carron Iron Works, 1760. The hot-air blast was invented by James Neilson, of Glasgow, and patented in 1828. Wooden bellows, in which one open-ended box is made to slip within another, with valves for the induction and eduction of air, were used at Nuremberg, 1550. They were used in the next century for smelting, blacksmithin
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
r coving. n, throat. o, mantel. p, jamb. q, plinth. r, bridging. The chimney at the Port Dundas Works, Glasgow, is the tallest chimney and one of the highest masonry structures in existence. In Europe there are only two church s compressing machine for the service of such an engine was built, previously to 1856, by Randolph, Eliot, & Co., of Glasgow, Scotland, for Govan Colliery, near that city, and was described in the proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers at Glasgow. It was used to condense air to work an ordinary high-pressure engine at the lower shaft of the mine. It was held by those who were familiar with the construction and working of the engines, that a more valuable effect would have resusers are of several forms:— The injection condenser was invented by Watt, who was a philosophical-instrument maker in Glasgow, when, in 1764, a model of an atmospheric engine (Newcomen's), belonging to the University of Glasgow, was brought to hi
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
and a seat for the diver. Kessler in 1617, Witsen in 1671, and Borelli in 1679, gave attention to the subject and contributed to the efficiency of the apparatus. A diving-bell company was formed in England in 1688, and the operators made some sucessful descents on the coast of Hispaniola. In 1664, cannon were recovered from wrecks of the Spanish Armada by the Laird of Melgim, near the Isle of Man, but not sufficient to pay. Previous unsuccessful attempts had been made by Colquhoun, of Glasgow, who depended for air upon a leathern tube reaching above the surface of the water. Dr. Halley, in 1715, improved the diving-bell by a contrivance for supplying it with fresh air by means of barrels lowered from the vessel, from which the bell was suspended, the foul air escaping by a cock. This also allowed the bell to be completely filled with air, rendering the whole of its interior space available. Halley also invented a waterproof cap to which pipes leading to the bell were attached
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), H. (search)
th the external atmosphere through pipes extending into each flue near its bottom. The external jacket of the furnace is filled with coalashes. A water-pan above the fire-pot is fed from an external communicating vessel. Hot-air furnace. Hot-air furnace. Hot-bed frame. The structure of sides and ends on which the sash of a hot-bed rest. Hot-blast. A blast of air heated previous to its introduction into the smelting-furnace. The process was invented by Nielson, of Glasgow, Scotland, and patented in 1828. In 1845, Budd patented in England the utilization of the heated gases from the blastfurnace for heating the blast. By means of the hot-blast, anthracite coals were used successfully in smelting iron in Wales, in 1837, and at Mauch Chunk, Pennsylvania, in 1838, 1839. Hot-blast Fur′nace. The temperature of the air, previous to its being thrown upon the charge in the furnace, is raised to about 600° in an outer chamber or in a series of pipes. These are v
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), I. (search)
ront side of the frame for removing snow. Ice-locomotive. Ice-lo-co-mo′tive. A traction engine for running on ice; one constructed by Messrs. Neilson of Glasgow, and employed for conveying passengers and freight between St. Petersburg and Cronstadt, has two driving-wheels five feet in diameter and studded with spikes. Th I′dle-wheel. See idler. Id′wall-stone. A Welsh oil-stone from Snowdon. Il-lu′mi-na-ted clock. This practice appears to have commenced in Glasgow, Scotland, where a clock with two faces supported at the extremity of a projecting bracket was lighted by jets placed above it, the light of which was reflected upon tonale of the puddling process; and Henry Cort, of Gosport, in 1784, made it practicable, and added grooved rolls, by which the puddled bar was drawn. Neilson, of Glasgow, introduced the hot blast in 1828. Aubulot, in France, in 1811, and Budd, in England, in 1845, heated the blast by the escaping hot gases of the blast-furnace.
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
umber of boats engage I in the traffic, their usual load, and the time occupied in an average trip. He puts it at 46,556,400 pounds per annum. James Young, of Glasgow, undertook the refining of a mineral oil found in a coal-mine in Derbyshire in 1847. Having exhausted his supply, he turned his attention to the distillation of n the cylinder, if the latter had not been accurately bored. Brass rings as a substitute for the hempen packing in pistons was invented by Murdock and Aiken of Glasgow, in 1813. The wedge metallic piston (e) is formed by rings cut into a number of parts, pressed upon the cylinder by wedges, which are kept in their places by sil Dr. Guillie took charge in 1814. The first book in relief in the English language was printed by Dr. Gall of Edinburgh, in 1827. The Bible was printed in Glasgow by Alston, 1848, in raised Roman characters, upper case. It was comprised in nineteen volumes. Gall's alphabet, Edinburgh, 1826, was a modified Roman, but in
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