[*] 440. The Hortatory Subjunctive is used to express a concession. 1 The Present is used for present time, the Perfect for past. The negative is nē .
- “ sit fūr, sit sacrilegus: at est bonus imperātor ” (Verr. 5.4) , grant he is a thief, a godless wretch: yet he is a good general.
- “ fuerit aliīs; tibi quandō esse coepit ” (Verr. 2.1.37) , suppose he was [so] to others; when did he begin to be to you?
- “nēmō is umquam fuit: nē fuerit ” (Or. 101) , there never was such a one [you will say]: granted (let there not have been).
- “ nē sit summum malum dolor, malum certē est ” (Tusc. 2.14) , granted that pain is not the greatest evil, at least it is an evil.
[*] Note.--The concessive subjunctive with quamvīs and licet is originally hortatory (§ 527. a, b).
For other methods of expressing Concession, see § 527. For the Hortatory Subjunctive denoting a Proviso, see § 528. a. Optative Subjunctive