[*] 11.4. reliquas: the emphasis on this word displaces the connective ut, which would naturally stand first in its clause. [*] 11.5. consequi, overtake （hence the frequent meaning acquire）. — pontem faciendum curat, has a bridge made § 500. 4 (294. d); B. 337. 7. b. ; G. 430; H. 622 (544. 2. N. 2); H-B. 612. iii）. — pontem: see chapter on military affairs, VI. [*] 11.7. cum … intellegerent （§ 546 (323, 325); B. 288. 1. b; G. 585; H. 600. ii. 1 (521. ii. 2); H-B. 525）: cf notes on 4 12, 6 14, 7 17. Here cum may be translated when, but the clause gives the state of mind of the Helvetii as the main feature of the situation, and really expresses no time at all, but circumstance only, hence the subjunctive. — id: object of fecisse. [*] 11.8. diebus XX, in the course of 20 days （§ 423 (256); B. 231; G. 393; H. 486 (429); H-B. 439）. — ut … transirent: this clause is in app. with id, but, as it is through that app. the object of fecisse, it takes the result construction just as if it depended at once on the verb of effecting; cf. note on 4 17; and see § 568 (332); B. 297. 1; G. 553; H. 573. 3 (501. ii. 1); H-B. 521. 3. a. N [*] 11.9. legatos: a participle of lego （depute）, used as a noun; hence, diplomatically envoy or ambassador, and in military affairs lieutenant. [*] 11.10. Divico: now an old man, since the battle in which he was commander took place forty-nine years before. It was, of course, a piece of arrogance to send him. [*] 11.12. si pacem, etc.: Direct — Si pacem p. R. cum Helvetiis faciet, in eam partem ibunt atque ibi erunt Helvetii, ubi eos tu, Caesar, constitueris atque esse volueris （or Caesar constituerit … votuerit ）; sin bello … perseverabit, reminiscere et veteris incommodi p. R. et pristinae virtutis Helvetiorum. Quod improviso unum pagum adortus es, cum ei qui flumen transierant suis auxilium ferre non possent, noli ob eam rem aut tuae magnopere virtuti tribuere, aut nos despicere; nos ita a patribus maioribusque nostris didicerunt ut magis virtute contenderemus （contendamus） quam dolo aut insidiis niteremur （nitamur）. Qua re noli committere ut is locus ubi constitimus ex calamitate … nomen capiat aut memoriam prodat. This discourse, as well as Caesar's answer, is confused by a partial identification of Caesar and the Roman people. Hence, many of the forms might be either third person as referring to the Roman people, or second or first as addressed to Caesar, or spoken by him. The indirect discourse is found in almost all languages, and each one has its own methods of change from the direct. In English it is regularly introduced by that. This word, however, is often omitted, in which case only the persons and the tenses are changed to fit the new relations. Dependent clauses keep their connectives, but change, like others, their persons and tenses. In long passages, if that is omitted, parenthetical phrases are frequently introduced to keep the connection of the thought, like 'he said,' 'he asked,' 'he urged,' 'he begged.' The passage here may be translated: 'If the Roman people would make peace, etc. （that） the Helvetii would go … and remain where Caesar should settle them and desire them to be; but if they （the Roman people） should persist in pursuing them, etc., let him remember （he said） （or he begged him to remember）, etc. As to the fact that （because） he had attacked, etc., he should not ascribe it, etc., or despise them （the Helvetians）. （That） they had （he said） been taught rather to contend, etc. Let him therefore not allow that place … to be,' etc. So in 12 8, num … posse, 'could they, he asked.' [*] 11.13. in eam partem … ubi , to whatever part, i.e. of Gaul. They were not, however, to be turned back from their migration. [*] 11.15. bello: note the emphatic position as opposed to emphatic pacem, l. 12. — reminisceretur, subjv. for imperat. of the dir.: he should remember, or let him remember. [*] 11.16. incommodi, disaster （lit. inconvenience）, a euphemism: cf. "the late unpleasantness" for our civil war; for the government of the gen., see § 350. c (219); B. 206. 2; G. 376; H. 454 (406. ii); H-B. 350. [*] 11.17. quod: conj., as to the fact that, § 572. a (333. a); B. 299. 2; G. 525. 2; H. 588. 3.N (516. ii. 2, N); H-B. 552. 2. — pagum: the Tigurini. [*] 11.18. suis, to their people （§ 302. d (190. a); B. 236. 1; G. 204. N. 1; H. 494.1 (441. 1); H-B. 250. 2. a）. [*] 11.19. ne tribueret: cf. reminisceretur, l. 15, he should not ascribe it. [*] 11.21. contenderent, niterentur: subjv. of result. — dolo, craft; insidiis, ambuscade. For these ablatives see § 431 (254. b); B. 218. 3; G. 401. N. 6; H. 476. 3 (425. ii. 1, N); H-B. 438. 1. [*] 11.22. ne committeret ut, etc.: § 568. N. 1 (332. e); B. 297. 1; G. 553. 1; H. 566. 1 (498. ii. N. 2). — ubi constitissent,where they had taken their stand.
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BOOK FIRST. — B.C. 58.
book 2
BOOK THIRD. — B.C. 56.
BOOK FOURTH. — B.C. 55.
BOOK FIFTH.—B.C. 54.
BOOK VI. BOOK SIXTH.—B.C. 53.
BOOK SEVENTH.—B.C. 52.
Caesar's Gallic War. J. B. Greenough, Benjamin L. D'Ooge and M. Grant Daniell. Boston. Ginn and Company. 1898.
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- A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 302
- A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 350
- A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 423
- A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 431
- A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 500
- A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 546
- A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 568
- A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 572
- Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 204
- Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 376
- Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 393
- Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 401
- Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 430
- Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 525
- Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 553
- Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 585
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