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أَبْيَضُ ذ White; contr. of أَسْوَدُ; (A, K;) having whiteness: (Msb:) fem. بَيْضَآءُ: (Msb:) pl. بِيضٌ, originally بُيْضٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the damm being converted into kesr in order that the ى may remain unchanged, (S, K,) [i. e.] to suit the ى. (Msb.) In the phrase أَعْطِنِى أَبْيَضَّهْ, mentioned by Sb, as used by some of the Arabs, meaning أَبْيَضَ, [i. e. Give thou to me a white one,] ه is subjoined as it is in هُنَّهْ for هُنَّ, and the ض is doubled because the letter of declinability cannot have ه subjoined to it; wherefore the letter of declinability is the first ض, and the second is the augmentative, and for this reason it has subjoined to it the ه whereof the purpose is to render plainly perceivable the vowel [which is necessarily added after the doubled ض]: Aboo-'Alee says, [app. of the ه,] that it should properly have neither fet-h nor any vowel. (M.) ― -b2- Applied to a man &c., it was sometimes used to signify White in complexion: but in this sense they generally used the epithet أَحْمَرُ. (IAth, TA in art. حمر.) They also said, فُلَانٌ أَبْيَضُ الوَجْهِ and فُلَانَةُ بَيْضَآءُ الوَجْهِ, meaning Such a man, and such a woman, is clear, in face, from freckles or the like, and unseemly blackness. (Az, TA.) And they used بِيضَانٌ, (S, K,) a pl. of أَبْيَضُ, (TA,) in the contr. of the sense of سُودَانٌ, (S, K,) [i. e. as signifying Whites,] applied to men: (S:) though they applied the appellation أَبُو البَيْضَآءِ to the Abyssinian: (TA in art. عور:) or to the negro: and أَبُو الجَوْنِ to the white man. (ISk.) But accord. to Th, أَبْيَضُ applied to a man signifies only (tropical:) Pure; free from faults: (IAth, TA in art. حمر:) or, so applied, unsullied in honour, nobility, or estimation; (Az, K;) free from faults; and generous: and so بَيْضَآءُ applied to a woman. (Az.) [In the lexicons, however, (see, for ex., among countless other instances, an explanation of بَضَّةٌ in the S,) and in other post-classical works, it is generally used, when thus applied, in its proper sense, of White; or fair in complexion.] ― -b3- كَتِيبَةٌ بَيْضَآءُ An army, or a portion thereof, upon which the whiteness of the [arms or armour of] iron is apparent. (M.) ― -b4- And بَيْضَآءُ alone, [as a subst.,] A piece of paper [without writing]. (Har p. 311.) ― -b5- الأَبْيَضُ The sword: (S, A, K:) because of its whiteness: (TA:) pl. بِيضٌ. (S.) ― -b6- Silver: (A, K:) because of its whiteness: like as gold is called الأَحْمَرُ [because of its redness]. (TA.) ― -b7- The saliva (رضاب) of the mouth. (Ham p. 348.) ― -b8- A certain star in the margin of the milky way. (A, K.) ― -b9- البَيْضَآءُ The sun: because of its whiteness. (M.) ― -b10- Waste, or uncultivated, or uninhabited, land: (K, * TA: [in the CK الجِرابُ is erroneously put for الخَرَابُ:]) opposed to السَّوْدَآءُ: because dead lands are white; and when planted, become black and green. (TA.) See also بَيْضَةٌ, near the end. ― -b11- Wheat: (K:) as also السَّمْرَآءُ. (TA.) ― -b12- Fresh [grain of the kind called] سُلْت. (El- Khattábee, K.) ― -b13- A certain kind of wood; that which is called الحَوَرُ: (K in art. حور:) because of its whiteness. (TA in that art.) [See حَوَرٌ.] ― -b14- The cooking-pot; as also أُمُّ بَيْضَآءَ. (AA, K.) ― -b15- The snare with which one catches game. (IAar, K.) ― -b16- الأَبْيَضَانِ Milk and water. (ISk, S, M, A, K.) A poet says, “ وَمَا لِىَ إِِلَّا الأَبْيَضَيْنِ شَرَابُ
” [And I have not any beverage except milk and water]. (ISk, S, M.) ― -b17- Bread and water: (As, M, K:) or wheat and water: (Fr, K:) or fat and milk. (AO, K.) ― -b18- Fat and youthfulness (AZ, IAar, M, A, K.) You say, ذَهَبَ أَبْيَضَاهُ His fat and youthfulness departed. (TA.) ― -b19- مَا رَأَيْتُهُ مُذْ أَبْيَضَانِ I have not seen him for, or during, two days: (Ks, M, A, K:) or two months. (Ks, M, K.) ― -b20- أَيَّامُ البِيضِ, (Msb, K,) or simply البِيضُ, (Mgh,) for أَيَّامُ اللَّيَالِى البِيضِ; [The days of the white nights;] i. e. the days of the thirteenth and fourteenth and fifteenth nights of the month; (Mgh, Msb, K;) so called because they are lighted by the moon throughout: (Msb:) or of the twelfth and thirteenth and fourteenth nights: (K:) but this is of weak authority, and extr.: the former is the correct explanation: (MF, TA:) you should not say الأَيَّامُ البِيضُ: (Ibn-El-Jawá- leekee, IB, K:) yet thus it is in most relations of a trad. in which it occurs; and some argue for it; and the author of the K has himself explained الأَوَاضِحُ by الأَيَّامُ البِيضُ. (TA.) ― -b21- سَنَةٌ بَيْضَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A year [of scarcity of herbage,] such as is a mean between that which is termed شَهْبَآء and that which is termed حَمْرَآء. (TA in art. شهب.) ― -b22- كَلَامٌ أَبْيَضُ (tropical:) Language expounded or explained. (M.) ― -b23- كَلَّمْتُهُ فَمَا رَدَّ عَلَىَّ سَوْدَآءَ وَلَا بَيْضَآءَ (tropical:) I spoke to him, and he did not return to me a bad word nor a good one. (M.) ― -b24- يَدٌ بَيْضَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A demonstrating, or demonstrated, argument, plea, allegation, or evidence. (M.) ― -b25- And (assumed tropical:) A favour, or benefit, for which one is not reproached; and which is conferred without its being asked. (M.) [See also يَدٌ.] ― -b26- المَوْتُ الأَبْيَضُ (assumed tropical:) Sudden death; (K, TA;) such as is not preceded by disease which alters the complexion: or, as some say, death without the repentance, and the prayer for forgiveness, and the accomplishment of necessary duties, usual with him who is not taken unawares; from بَيَّضَ signifying “ he emptied ” a vessel: so says Sgh: opposed to المَوْتُ الأَحْمَرُ, which is slaughter. (TA.) ― -b27- بَيْضَآءُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A calamity, or misfortune: (Sgh, K:) app. as a term of good omen; like سَلِيمٌ applied to one who is stung by a scorpion or bitten by a serpent. (TA.) ― -b28- بَيْضَآءُ القَيْظِ: see بَيْضَةٌ, last sentence but one. -A2- هٰذَا أَبْيَضُ مِنْ كَذَا; &c.: see بَيَاضٌ.
An Arabic-English Lexicon. London. Williams and Norgate. 1863.
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