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1 بَلَاهُ بل بلا بلاه بلاة بلى لاهي , (T, S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. بَلُوَ , (T, Msb,) inf. n. بَلَآءٌ, (S,) or this is a simple subst., and the inf. n. is بَلْوٌ, (T, Msb,) He (God) tried, proved, or tested, him, (T, S, Msb,) بِخَيْرٍ [by, or with, good], or بِشَّرٍ [by, or with, evil]; (Msb;) for God tries his servant (يَبْلُوهُ) by, or with, a benefit, to test his thankfulness; and by, or with, a calamity, to test his patience; (T;) [wherefore it often means He afflicted him;] as also ↓ ابلاهُ , (T, S, Msb,) inf. n. إِِبْلَآءٌ; (T, S; [in both restrieted to good; but in the Msb it seems to be common to good and evil;]) and ↓ ابتلاه : (T, S, M, Msb:) and بَلَوْتُهُ, inf. n. بَلْوٌ (S, M, K) and بَلَآءٌ, (M, K,) [but from what has been said above, it seems that the latter is used only when the agent is God, and that it is properly a simple subst.,] I tried, proved, or tested, him; (S, M, Mgh, * K;) as also ↓ اِبْتَلَيْتُهُ : (M, K:) each of these verbs implying two things; one of which is the learning the state, or condition, of the object, and becoming acquainted with what was unknown of the case thereof; and the other, the manifesting of the goodness or badness thereof; both of these things being sometimes meant, and sometimes only one of them, as when God is the agent, in which case only the latter is meant: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and ↓ التَّبَالِى , also, signifies the act of trying, proving, or testing. (S.) It is said in the Kur [xxi. 36], وَنَبْلُوكُمْ بِا@لشَّرِ وَا@لخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً [And we try you by, or with, evil and good, by way of probation]. (TA.) And in the same [ii. 118], ↓ وَإِِذَ ا@بْتَلَى إِِبْرَاهِيمَ رَبُّهُ بِكَلَمَاتٍ [And when his Lord tried Abraham by certain words, meaning commands and prohibitions]. (TA.) And you say, ↓ لَا تُبْلِنَا إِِلَّا بِا@لَّتِى هِىَ أَحْسَنُ [Try Thou not us save by those things that are best]; (T;) from a trad. (TA.) [See also 4 and 8 below.] ― -b2- [Hence,] بَلَوْتُهُ also signifies (tropical:) I smelt it. (T in art. بول, and A and TA.) ― -b3- [And بَلَاهُ He knew it, or became acquainted with it. (See بَالٍ.)] ― -b4- See also 4, in the latter half of the paragraph. -A2- بَلِى, aor. بَلَوَ , inf. n. بِلًا, or بِلًى, [in the CK, erroneously, بَلًى,] and بَلَآءٌ, [in the CK, erroneously, بِلاء,] (T, S, M, Msb, K,) the former with kesr and the latter with fet-h, (T, S, Msb,) said of a garment, (T, S, M, &c.,) It was, or became, old, and worn out: (Msb:) belonging to the present art. and to art. بلى. (M.) [The inf. n., used as a subst., signifies Wear; attrition; wear and tear: see an ex. in a hemistich cited near the end of the first paragraph of art. الا, where a dwelling is likened to a garment.] ― -b2- Also said of a plant [as meaning It became old and withered, or wasted]. (K in art. عنث, &c.) ― -b3- And of a corpse, meaning It became consumed by the earth. (Msb.) ― -b4- And of a bone, meaning It became old, and decayed; syn. رَمَّ. (S and K &c. in art. رم.) ― -b5- And of a man's reputation, meaning (assumed tropical:) It became worn out of regard or notice. (TA in art. دثر.) ― -b6- And [hence,] بَلِيَتْ, (M,) or بُلِيَتْ, (K,) She (a camel, M, K, or a mare, or beast of the equine kind, M) was, or became, a بَلَيِّة; i. e., was tied at her dead master's grave (M, K) without food or water (M) until she died (M, K) and wasted away. (M in art. بلى.)
An Arabic-English Lexicon. London. Williams and Norgate. 1863.
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