Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary

I.dat. plur. sis, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll.; acc. sas. id. ib. p. 325 ib.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 47; Schol. Pers. 1, 108; sing. sam for suam, Fest. p. 47 Müll.; “so for suo, C. I. L. 5, 2007. In ante-class. verse su- with the following vowel freq. forms one syllable,” Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 48; id. Ps. 1, 3, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 68; Lucr. 1, 1022; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 189 sqq.), pron. poss., 3d pers. [root SVA-; Sanscr. svá, own; cf. sui; Gr. σεϝο-, whence σφε, etc., and ἑ; cf. ἑός], of or belonging to himself, herself, etc.; his own, her own, etc.; his, her, its, their; one's; hers, theirs.

I. Ordinary possessive use his, etc. (cf. the similar use of the pers. pron. sui, q. v.).

A. With antecedent in the same sentence.

1. The antecedent a subject-nominative, expressed or understood.

(α). His: “Caesar copias suas divisit,” Caes. B. C. 3, 97: “ille in suā sententiā perseverat,” id. ib. 1, 72: “tantam habebat suarum rerum fiduciam,” id. ib. 2, 37: “cum sceleris sui socios Romae reliquisset,” Cic. Cat. 3, 1, 3: “cur ego non ignoscam si anteposuit suam salutem meae?” id. Pis. 32, 79; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45; id. Mil. 10, 27; id. Fam. 15, 14, 1: “Hanno praefecturam ejus (i.e. Muttinis) filio suo (Hannonis) dedit,” Liv. 26, 40, 7: “imperat princeps civibus suis,” Sen. Clem. 1, 16, 2: “nemo rem suam emit,” id. Ben. 7, 4, 8.—

(β). Her: “mea Glycerium suos parentes repperit,” Ter. And. 5, 6, 5: “utinam haec ignoraret suum patrem,” id. Phorm. 5, 6, 34: “si nunc facere volt era officium suom,” Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 72: “ne eadem mulier cum suo conjuge honestissimum adulescentem oppressisse videatur,” Cic. Cael. 32, 78: “si omnibus suis copiis excellentem virum res publica armasset,” id. Phil. 13, 16, 32.—

(γ). Its: “omne animal, simul et ortum est, et se ipsum et omnes partes suas diligit,” Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33: “cum mea domus ardore suo deflagrationem Italiae toti minaretur,” id. Planc. 40, 95.—

(δ). Their: (legiones) si consulem suum reliquerunt, vituperandae sunt Cic. Phil. 5, 2, 4: “mittent aliquem de suo numero,” id. ib. 11, 10, 25: “rationem illi sententiae suae non fere reddebant,” id. Tusc. 1, 17, 38: “qui agellos suos redimere a piratis solebant,” Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 37, § 85: “edicunt ut ad suum vestitum senatores redirent,” id. Sest. 14, 32: “suis finibus eos prohibent,” Caes. B. G. 1, 1: Allobrogibus sese persuasuros existimabant ut per suos (Allobrogum) fines eos (Helvetios) ire paterentur, id. id. 1, 6; “and distributively: ac naves onerariae LXIII. in portu expugnatae, quaedam cum suis oneribus, frumento, armis, aere, etc.,” some with their several cargoes, Liv. 26, 47, 9.—

2. With a subject-clause as antecedent: “id suā sponte apparebat tuta celeribus consiliis praepositurum,” was selfevident, Liv. 22, 38, 13: “ad id quod suā sponte satis collectum animorum erat, indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur,” id. 3, 62, 1: “secutum tamen suā sponte est ut vilior ob ea regi Hannibal et suspectior fieret,” id. 35, 14, 4. —

3. With subject-acc. as antecedent: “hanc dicam Athenis advenisse cum aliquo amatore suo, Plant. Mil. 2, 2, 86: doceo gratissimum esse in suā tribu Plancium,” Cic. Planc. 19, 47: “cupio eum suae causae confidere,” id. Sest. 64, 135: “suspicari debuit (Milo), eum (Clodium) ad villam suam (Clodii) deversurum,” id. Mil. 19, 51: Medeam praedicant in fugā fratris sui membra dissipavisse, id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22: “(dixit) Caesarem pro suā dignitate debere et studium et iracundiam suam reipublicae dimittere,” Caes. B. C. 1, 8.—

4. With object-acc. as antecedent.

(α). Suus being an adjunct of the subject (generally rendered in Engl. by a pass. constr.): “hunc pater suus de templo deduxit,” he was taken from the temple by his father, Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 52: “hunc sui cives e civitate ejecerunt,” id. Sest. 68, 142: “Alexandrum uxor sua ... occidit,” id. Inv. 2, 49, 144: “illum ulciscentur mores sui,” id. Att. 9, 12, 2: “quodsi quem natura sua ... forte deficiet,” id. Or. 1, 14: “utrumque regem sua multitudo consalutaverat,” Liv. 1, 7, 1: “quas (urbes) sua virtus ac dii juvent, magnas sibi opes facere,” id. 1, 9, 3; 1, 7, 15; 6, 33, 5: “quos nec sua conscientia impulerit, nec, etc.,” id. 26, 33, 3; 25, 14, 7: “consulem C. Marium servus suus interemit,” Val. Max. 6, 8, 2: “quis non Vedium Pollionem pejus oderat quam servi sui?” Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2: “sera dies sit quā illum gens sua caelo adserat,” id. Cons. Poll. 12 (31), 5.—With the antecedent understood from the principal sentence: “ita forma simili pueri ut mater sua internoscere (sc. eos) non posset,” Plaut. Men. prol. 19; and with suus as adjunct both of the subject and of the antecedent: jubet salvere suos vir uxorem suam, id. merc. 4, 3, 11. —

(β). With impers. verbs: “sunt homines, quos libidinis infamiaeque suae neque pudeat neque taedeat,” Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35: “video fore ut inimicos tuos poeniteat intemperantiae suae,” id. Fam. 3, 10, 1: “si Caesarem beneficii sui poeniteret,” id. Lig. 10, 29; so id. Agr. 2, 11, 26: “jam ne nobilitatis quidem suae plebejos poenitere,” Liv. 10, 7, 8: “militem jam minus virtutis poenitere suae,” id. 22, 12, 10.—

(γ). As adjunct of other members of the sentence: “ad parentes suos ducas Silenium,” Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 86. nam is illius filiam conicit in navem clam matrem suam (i.e. filiae), id. Mil. 2, 1, 34: “eosdem ad quaestoris sui aut imperatoris, aut commilitonum suorum pericula impulistis,” Cic. Phil. 13, 17, 34: “totum enim ex suā patriā sustulisti,” Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 127; id. Or. 3, 32, 126: quem (Hammonium) tibi etiam suo nomine (on his own account) commendo ... itaque peto a te ut ejus procuratorem et ipsum suo nomine diligas, id. Fam. 13, 21, 2: “Caesar Fabium in sua remittit hiberna,” Caes. B. G. 5, 33; id. B. C. 3, 24: “introire ad Ciceronem, et domi suae imparatum confodere,” Sall. C. 28, 1: “suis flammis delete Fidenas,” i. e. the flames kindled by the Fidenates, Liv. 4, 33, 5: “suo igni involvit hostes,” Tac. A. 14, 30: “quid Caesarem in sua fata inmisit?” Sen. Ep. 94, 65; id. Q. N. 1, praef. 7; cf. “with antecedent supplied from preceding sentence: non destiti rogare et petere (sc. Brutum) meā causā, suadere et hortari suā,” Cic. Att. 6, 2, 7.—

5. With dat. as antecedent.

(α). As adjunct of subject (cf. 4. supra): “suus rex reginae placet,” a queen likes her own king, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 76: “ei nunc alia ducenda'st domum, sua cognata Lemniensis,” id. Cist. 1, 1, 101: “Autronio nonne sodales, non collegae sui ... defuerunt?” Cic. Sull. 2, 7: “si ceteris facta sua recte prosunt,” id. Cat. 3, 12, 27: “cui non magistri sui atque doctores, cui non ... locus ipse ... in mente versetur?” id. Planc. 33, 81: “haec omnia plane ... Siculis erepta sunt: primum suae leges, etc.,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 33: “Romanis multitudo sua auxit animum,” Liv. 21, 50, 4: “sicuti populo Romano sua fortuna labet,” id. 42, 50, 7: “Lanuvinis sacra sua reddita,” id. 8, 14, 2: “vilitas sua illis detrahit pretium,” Sen. Ben. 4, 29, 2: “nemo est cui felicitas sua satisfaciat,” id. Ep. 115, 17: “labor illi suus restitutus est,” id. Brev. Vit. 20, 3: “magnitudo sua singulis constat,” id. Q. N. 1, 1, 10: “tantum sapienti sua, quantum Dec omnis aetas patet,” id. Ep. 53, 11. — “With antecedent supplied from principal sentence: mater quod suasit sua Adulescens mulier fecit, i.e. ei,” Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 38.—

(β). Of other words: “regique Thebano regnum stabilivit suum,” Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 40: “mittam hodie huic suo die natali malam rem magnam,” id. Ps. 1, 3, 5: “ego Metello non irascor, neque ei suam vacationem eripio,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 68, § 164: “desinant insidiari domui suae consuli,” id. Cat. 1, 13, 32: “quibus ea res honori fuerit a suis civibus,” id. Mil. 35, 96: Scipio suas res Syracusanis restituit, Liv. 29, 1, 17: “nos non suas (leges Lacedaemoniis arbitror) ademisse, sed nostras leges dedisse,” id. 39, 37, 6: “Graccho et Tuditano provinciae Lucani et Galliae cum suis exercitibus prorogatae,” id. 25, 3, 5.—

6. With gen., abl., or object of a prep. as antecedent: “nec illius animi aciem praestringit splendor sui nominis,” Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43: “nolite a sacris patriis Junonis Sospitae domesticum et suum consulem avellere,” id. Mur. 41, 90: “quamvis tu magna mihi scripseris de Bruti adventu ad suas legiones,” id. Att. 14, 13, 12: “suae legis ad scriptum ipsam quoque sententiam adjungere,” the meaning of their law to which they refer, id. Inv. 2, 49, 147: “cum ambitio alterius suam primum apud eos majestatem solvisset,” Liv. 22, 42, 12: “nunc causam instituendorum ludorum ab origine suā repetam,” Val. Max. 2, 4, 4: “Jubam in regno suo non locorum notitia adjuvet, non popularium pro rege suo virtus,” Sen. Ep. 71, 10; id. Ben. 7, 6, 3; id. Clem. 1, 3, 4.—Esp. with cujusque as antecedent: “in qua deliberatione ad suam cujusque naturam consilium est omne revocandum,” Cic. Off. 1, 33, 119 (v. II. D. 2. infra).—Abl.: “operam dare ut sua lex ipso scripto videatur niti,” Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 147 (cf. supra): “(Caesar reperiebat) ad Galbam propter justitiam prudentiamque suam totius belli summam deferri,” Caes. B. G. 2, 4: “credere, ad suum concilium a Jove deos advocari,” Sen. Q. N. 2, 42, 1.—

7. With predic. nom. as antecedent: “sapientissimi artis suae professores sunt a quibus et propria studia verecunde et aliena callide administrantur,” Val. Max. 8, 12, 1.—

8. With appositive noun.

(α). With gram. subject as antecedent: “hoc Anaximandro, populari ac sodali suo, non persuasit,” Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118: “vidit fortissimum virum, inimicissimum suum,” id. Mil. 9, 25: “(hic) fuit in Cretā contubernalis Saturnini, propinqui sui,” id. Planc. 11, 27: “ut non per L. Crassum, adfinem suum ... causam illam defenderit,” id. Balb. 21, 49: “ne cum hoc T. Broccho, avunculo, ne cum ejus filio, consobrino suo, ne nobiscum vivat,” id. Lig. 4, 11: “Caesar mittit ad eum A. Clodium, suum atque illius familiarem,” Caes. B. C. 3, 57.—

(β). With object as antecedent: “Dicaearchum cum Aristoxeno, aequali et condiscipulo suo, omittamus,” Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 41: “tres fratres optimos, non solum sibi ipsos, neque nobis, necessariis suis, sed etiam rei publicae condonavit,” id. Lig. 12, 36: “Varroni, quem, sui generis hominem, ... vulgus extrahere ad consulatum nitebatur,” Liv. 22, 34, 2.—

(γ). With appositive noun as antecedent: “si P. Scipionem, clarissimum virum, majorumque suorum simillimum res publica tenere potuisset,” Cic. Phil. 13, 14, 29: “M. Fabi Ambusti, potentis viri cum inter sui corporis homines, tum ad plebem, etc.,” Liv. 6, 34, 5: “C. vero Fabricii, et Q. Aemilii Papi, principum saeculi sui, domibus argentum fuisse confitear oportet,” Val. Max. 4, 4, 3.—

9. In participial clauses.

(α). The antecedent being the logical subject of the participle, and other than the principal subject: “credamus igitur Panaetio, a Platone suo dissentienti ( = qui dissentiebat),” Cic. Tusc. 1, 32, 79: “ea Sex. Roscium, expulsum ex suis bonis, recepit domum,” id. Rosc. Am. 10, 27: “diffidentemque rebus suis confirmavit,” id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23: “Dejotarum ad me venientem cum omnibus copiis suis, certiorem feci, etc.,” id. Fam. 15, 4, 7; id. Cat. 4, 9, 18: si hominis et suis et populi Romani ornamentis amplissimi (being greatly distinguished) causam repudiassem, id. Mur. 4, 8: “stupentes tribunos et suam jam vicem magis anxios quam, etc., liberavit consensus populi Romani,” Liv. 8, 35, 1; 22, 42, 8: “manet in folio scripta querela suo ( = quam scripsit),” Ov. F. 5, 224; cf. in abl. absol.: “et ipsis (hostibus) regressis in castra sua,” Liv. 22, 60, 9: “quibus (speculis) si unum ostenderis hominem, populus adparet, unāquāque parte faciem exprimente sua,” Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 5.—

(β). The logical subject of the participle, being also the principal subject: “sic a suis legionibus condemnatus irrupit in Galliam,” Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 21: “hunc agrum patres nostri, acceptum a majoribus suis ( = quem acceperant), perdiderunt,” id. Agr. 2, 31, 84: “ut in suis ordinibus dispositi dispersos adorirentur,” Caes. B. C. 3, 92: Appius, odium in se aliorum suo in eos metiens odio, haud ignaro, inquit, imminet fortuna, Liv. 3, 54, 3: “ipsa capit Condita in pharetrā ( = quae condiderat) tela minora suā,” Ov. F. 2, 326; cf. in abl. absol.: “Sopater, expositis suis difficultatibus ( = cum exposuisset, etc.): Timarchidem ... perducit,” Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 69: “Caesar, primum suo deinde omnium ex conspectu remotis equis, etc.,” Caes. B. G. 1, 25: “Campani, auditā suā pariter sociorumque clade, legatos ad Hannibalem miserunt,” Liv. 25, 15, 1: “(Appius) deposito suo magistratu ... domum est reductus,” id. 4, 24, 7; 3, 35, 9; 9, 10, 13; 9, 41, 9.—

(γ). The antecedent being the principal subject, not the logical subject of the participle: “M. Papirius dicitur Gallo, barbam suam (i.e. Papirii) permulcenti, ... iram movisse,” Liv. 5, 41, 9: cum Gracchus, verecundiā deserendi socios, implorantis fidem suam populique Romani, substitisset. id. 23, 36, 8; cf. in abl. absol.: “si sine maximo dedecore, tam impeditis suis rebus, potuisset emori,” Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 29; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Planc. 21, 51; id. Clu. 14, 42: “ita (consul) proelio uno accidit Vestinorum res, haudquāquam tamen incruento milite suo (consulis),” Liv. 8, 29, 12; cf. “with antecedent to be supplied: Campani, cum, robore juventutis suae acciso, nulla (sc. eis) propinqua spes esset, etc.,” id. 7, 29, 7.—

10. In gerund. construction. ( α ) With subject as antecedent: “mihi ipsa Roma ad complectendum conservatorem suum progredi visa est,” Cic. Pis. 22, 52.—

(β). With object, the logical subjects of the gerund as antecedent: “cur iis persequendi juris sui ... adimis potestatem?” Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21: “si senatui doloris sui de me declarandi potestas esset erepta,” id. Sest. 23, 51: “nec tribunis plebis (spatium datur) sui periculi deprecandi,” Caes. B. C. 1, 5.—

(γ). With antecedent dependent on the gerund: “eamque rem illi putant a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam,” Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19.—

11. As adjunct of a noun dependent on a subjectinf., with its logical subject as antecedent: “magnum Miloni fuit, conficere illam pestem nullā suā invidiā?” Cic. Mil. 15, 40: “neque enim fuit Gabinii, remittere tantum de suo nec regis, imponere tantum plus suis,” his claim, id. Rab. Post. 11, 31: “Piso, cui fructum pietatis suae neque ex me neque a populo Romano ferre licuit,” id. Sest. 31, 68: “ei cujus magis intersit, vel suā, vel rei publicae causā vivere,” id. Off. 3, 23, 90: “sapientis est consilium explicare suum de maximis rebus,” id. Or. 2, 81, 333; id. Mil. 15, 41.—With logical subject understood: “totam Italiam suis colonis ut complere (sc. eis) liceat, permittitur,” Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 34: “maximum (sc. eis) solacium erit, propinquorum eodem monumento declarari, et virtutem suorum, et populi Romani pietatem,” id. Phil. 14, 13, 35.

B. Without gram. antec., one's, one's own.

1. Dependent on subject-inff.: “ejusdem animi est, posteris suis amplitudinem nobis quam non acceperit tradere, et memoriam prope intermortuam generis sui, virtute renovare,” Cic. Mur. 7, 16: “siquidem atrocius est, patriae parentem quam suum occidere,” id. Phil. 2, 13, 31: “miliens perire est melius quam in suā civitate sine armorum praesidio non posse vivere,” id. ib. 2, 44, 112: quanto est honestius, alienis injuriis quam suis commoveri, one's own, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 72, § 169: “contentum suis rebus esse maximae sunt certissimaeque divitiae,” id. Par. 6, 51: “ut non liceat sui commodi causā nocere alteri,” id. Off. 3, 5, 23: “detrahere de altero sui commodi causā,” id. ib. 3, 5, 24: “suis exemplis melius est uti,” Auct. Her. 4, 1, 2: “levius est sua decreta tollere quam aliorum,” Liv. 3, 21. 5; 39, 5, 2; “29, 37, 11: satius est vitae suae rationes quam frumenti publici nosse,” Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 3: “quanto satius est sua mala exstinguere quam aliena posteris tradere?” id. Q. N. 3, praef. 5: “cum initia beneficiorum suorum spectare, tum etiam exitus decet,” id. Ben. 2, 14, 2; 3, 1, 5: “Romani nominis gloriae, non suae, composuisse illa decuit,” Plin. 1, prooem. § 16.—With 1st pers. plur., as indef. antecedent: cum possimus ab Ennio sumere ... exemplum, videtur esse arrogantia illa relinquere, et ad sua devenire, to one's own = to our own, Auct. Her. 4, 1, 2.—

2. Without a subject-inf.: “omnia torquenda sunt ad commodum suae causae ... sua diligenter narrando,” Cic. Inv. 1, 21, 30: ut in ceteris habenda ratio non suā (al. sui) solum, sed etiam aliorum, id. Off. 1, 39, 139: “erat Dareo mite ac tractabile ingenium, nisi suam naturam plerumque fortuna corrumperet (suam not referring to Dareo),” Curt. 3, 2, 17 MSS. (Foss, mansuetam). — With 1st pers. plur., as indef. antecedent (cf. 1. supra): “non erit ista amicitia sed mercatura quaedam utilitatum suarum,” Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 122; cf.: pro suo possidere, II. A. 2. a. γ; and Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73, II. A. 2. b. α; cf. also II. B. 1. α; II. B. 5. c.; II. B. 7. b.; II. C. 8. b. β infra.

C. With antec. in a previous sentence. Here ejus, eorum, earum are used for his, her, their, unless the clause is oblique in regard to the antecedent, i. e. the antecedent is conceived as the author of the statement.

1. In clauses dependent on a verbum sentiendi or dicendi, expressed or understood, referring to the grammatical or logical subject of the verb.

a. In infinitive clauses: “(Clodius) Caesaris potentiam suam potentiam esse dicebat,” Cic. Mil. 32, 88: “(Caelius) a suā (causā) putat ejus (i.e. Ascitii) esse sejunctam,” id. Cael. 10, 24: “ipsos certo scio non negare ad haec bona Chrysogonum accessisse impulsu suo (referring to ipsos),” id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107: “hostes viderunt, ... suorum tormentorum usum spatio propinquitatis interire,” Caes. B. C. 2, 16: “docent, sui judicii rem non esse,” id. ib. 1, 13.—The reference of suus may be ambiguous, esp. if an infinitive is dependent on another: “hoc Verrem dicere ajebant, te ... operā suā consulem factum, i.e. Verris, though grammatically it might refer to the subj. of aiebant,” Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 29: “(Ariovistus) dixit neminem secum sine suā pernicie contendisse,” Caes. B. G. 1, 36; cf. the context with, in all, eleven reflexive pronouns referring to four different antecedents (populus Romanus, Ariovistus, Caesar, nemo); cf. “also: occurrebat ei, mancam praeturam suam futuram consule Milone,” Cic. Mil. 9, 25; 32, 88; Liv. 3, 42, 2.—

b. Suus in a clause dependent on inf.: “scio equidem, ut, qui argentum afferret atque expressam imaginem suam (i.e. militis) huc ad nos, cum eo ajebat velle mitti mulierem,” Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 55: “isti bonorum emptores arbitrantur, vos hic sedere qui excipiatis eos qui de suis (i.e. emptorum) manibus effugerint,” Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151: “Siculi venisse tempus ajebant ut commoda sua defenderem,” id. Div. in Caecil. 1, 3: “ut tunc tandem sentiret recuperanda esse quae prius suā culpā amissa forent,” Liv. 44, 8, 4. — “Ambiguous: velle Pompejum se Caesari purgatum, ne ea quae reipublicae causā egerit (Pompejus) in suam (i.e. Caesaris) contumeliam vertat (where suam might be referred to Pompejus),” Caes. B. C. 1, 8.—

c. In oblique clauses introduced by ut or ne, or clauses subordinate to such: “Cassius constituit ut ludi absente te fierent suo nomine,” Cic. Att. 15, 11, 2: “postulat ut ad hanc suam praedam tam nefariam adjutores vos profiteamini,” id. Rosc. Am. 2, 6: “Nasidius eos magnopere hortatur ut rursus cum Bruti classe, additis suis (i.e. Nasidii) auxiliis confligant,” Caes. B. C. 2, 3: “(regem) denuntiasse sibi ut triduo regni sui decederent finibus,” Liv. 42, 25, 12: “Sabinae mulieres, hinc patres, hinc viros orantes, ne parricidio macularent partus suos (i.e. mulierum),” id. 1, 13, 2: “Patron praecepit suis ut arma induerent, ad omne imperium suum parati,” Curt. 5, 11, 1.—With reflex. pron., referring to a different antecedent: “ad hanc (Laidem) Demosthenes clanculum adit, et ut sibi copiam sui faceret, petit,” Gell. 1, 8, 5. —

d. In subordinate clauses introduced by quin or quod: “(Dejotarus) non recusat quin id suum facinus judices,” Cic. Deiot. 15, 43; so id. ib. 4, 15; “16, 45: parietes hujus curiae tibi gratias agere gestiunt, quod futura sit illa auctoritas in his majorum suorum et suis sedibus,” id. Marcell. 3, 10: “quidni gauderet quod iram suam nemo sentiret?” Sen. Troad. 3, 13: “querenti quod uxor sua e fico se suspendisset,” Quint. 6, 3, 88; “and with intentional ambiguity: cum Proculejus quereretur de filio quod is mortem suam expectaret,” id. 9, 3, 68. —

e. In interrogative clauses: “si, quod officii sui sit, non occurrit animo, nihil umquam omnino aget,” Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 25: “ut non auderet iterum dicere quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,” id. Caecin. 10, 28: “donec sciat unisquisque quid sui, quid alieni sit,” Liv. 6, 27, 8: “rex ignarus, quae cum Hannibale legatis suis convenisset, quaeque legati ejus ad se allaturi fuissent,” id. 23, 39, 2: “postquam animadvertit quantus agminis sui terror esset,” id. 43, 19, 5. —

2. In a virtually oblique clause.

a. In final clause, introduced by ut, ne, or rel., referring to the subject of the purpose: “me a portu praemisit domum, ut haec nuntiem uxori suae,” Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 41: “quasi Appius ille Caecus viam muniverit, non quā populus uteretur, sed ubi impune sui posteri latrocinarentur, i. e. Appii,” Cic. Mil. 7, 17: “quae gens ad Caesarem legatos mise. rat, ut suis omnibus facultatibus uteretur,” Caes. B. C. 3, 80: “inde castra movent, ne qua vis sociis suis ab Romano exercitu inferri possit,” Liv. 43, 23, 5: “(Romani) Albam a fundamentis proruerunt, ne memoria originum suarum exstaret,” id. 26, 13, 16: “oppidani nuntios Romam, qui certiorem de suo casu senatum facerent, misere,” id. 6, 33, 7; cf.: “tanto intervallo ab hostibus consedit, ut nec adventus suus propinquitate nimia nosci posset, et, etc.,” Liv. 10, 20, 7: “Datames locum delegit talem ut non multum obesse multitudo hostium suae paucitati posset,” Nep. Dat. 7, 3: “quid si gubernator a diis procellas petat ut gratior ars sua periculo fiat?” Sen. Ben. 6, 25, 4. —

b. In other dependent clauses represented as conceived by an antecedent in the principal sentence: “Sulla, si sibi suus pudor ac dignitas non prodesset, nullum auxilium requisivit ( = negavit se defendi velle, si, etc.),” Cic. Sull. 5, 15: “Paetus omnes libros quos frater suus reliquisset mihi donavit ( = dixit se donare libros quos, etc.),” id. Att. 2, 1, 12: “non enim a te emit, sed, priusquam tu suum sibi venderes, ipse possedit ( = potitus est, ne, etc.),” id. Phil. 2, 37, 96: “Africanus, si sua res ageretur, testimonium non diceret,” id. Rosc. Am. 36, 3: “ille ipse (Pompejus) proposuit epistulam illam, in quā est Pro tuis rebus gestis amplissimis. Amplioribusne quam suis, quam Africani?” id. Att. 8, 9, 2: “spiritus dabat (Manlio) quod ... vinculorum suorum invidiam dictator fugisset,” Liv. 6, 18, 4: “(Numa) Camenis eum lucum sacravit, quod earum ibi concilia cum conjuge suā Egeriā essent,” id. 1, 21, 3: “adulescens deos omnis invocare ad gratiam illi pro se referendam, quoniam sibi nequaquam satis facultatis pro suo animo atque illius erga se esset,” id. 26, 50, 4 (cf. D. 1. a. infra).

D. In the place of ejus.

1. In clauses virtually oblique, but with indicative, being conceived by the antecedent (hence suus, not ejus), but asserted as fact by the author (hence indicative, not subjunctive): “Cicero tibi mandat ut Aristodemo idem respondeas, quod de fratre suo (Ciceronis) respondisti,” Cic. Att. 2, 7, 4: “oriundi ab Sabinis, ne, quia post Tatii mortem ab suā parte non erat regnatum, imperium amitterent, sui corporis creari regem volebant,” Liv. 1, 17, 2: “C. Caesar villam pulcherrimam, quia mater sua aliquando in illā custodita erat, diruit,” Sen. Ira, 3, 21, 5: “Philemonem, a manu servum, qui necem suam per venenum inimicis promiserat, non gravius quam simplici morte punivit,” Suet. Caes. 74; cf.: “quomodo excandescunt si quid e jubā suā decisum est,” Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 3.—

2. To avoid ambiguity: “petunt rationes illius (Catilinae) ut orbetur consilio res publica, ut minuatur contra suum (i.e. Catilinae) furorem imperatorum copia (instead of ejus, which might be referred to res publica),” Cic. Mur. 39, 83: “equites a cornibus positos, cum jam pelleretur media peditum suorum acies, incurrisse ab lateribus ferunt,” Liv. 1, 37, 3.—

3. Colloquially and in epistolary style suus is used emphatically instead of ejus, with the meaning own, peculiar: deinde ille actutum subferret suus servus poenas Sosia, his own slave (opp. Mercury, who personates Sosias), Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 19: mira erant in civitatibus ipsorum furta Graecorum quae magistratus sui fecerant, their own magistrates ( = ipsorum), Cic. Att. 6, 2, 5: “in quibus (litteris Bruti) unum alienum summā suā prudentiā (est), ut spectem ludos suos,” his peculiar prudence, id. ib. 15, 26, 1; so, “quod quidem ille (Nero) decernebat, quorumdam dolo ad omina sui exitus vertebatur,” Tac. A. 16, 24; cf. II. A. 1. β and γ; II. A. 2. a. β; II. B. 3.—

4. Without particular emphasis (mostly ante- and post-class. and poet.): “tum erit tempestiva cum semen suum maturum erit,” Cato, R. R. 31: “vitis si macra erit, sarmenta sua concidito minute,” id. ib. 37: “qui sic purgatus erit, diuturnā valetudine utatur, neque ullus morbus veniet, nisi sua culpa,” id. ib. 157: “Cimon in eandem invidiam incidit quam pater suus,” Nep. Cim. 3, 1: “id quā ratione consecutus sit (Lysander) latet. Non enim virtute sui exercitus factum est, etc.,” id. Lys. 1, 2: “ipse sub Esquiliis, ubi erat regia sua, Concidit,” Ov. F. 6, 601: “quodque suus conjux riguo collegerat horto, Truncat olus foliis,” id. M. 8, 646; so id. ib. 15, 819.

II. In partic.

A. As substt.

1. sui , suorum, m., his, their (etc.) friends, soldiers, fellow-beings, equals, adherents, followers, partisans, posterity, slaves, family, etc., of persons in any near connection with the antecedent.

(α). (Corresp. to the regular usage, I. A. B. C.) Cupio abducere ut reddam (i.e. eam) suis, to her family, friends, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 77; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 66: “cum animus societatem caritatis coierit cum suis, omnesque naturā conjunctos suos duxerit,” fellow-beings, Cic. Leg. 1, 23, 60: “mulier ingeniosa praecepit suis omnia Caelio pollicerentur,” her slaves, id. Cael. 25, 62: “quo facilius et nostras domos obire, et ipse a suis coli possit,” his friends, id. ib. 7, 18: “quā gratiam beneficii vestri cum suorum laude conjungant,” their family, id. Agr. 2, 1, 1: “vellem hanc contemptionem pecuniae suis reliquisset,” to his posterity, id. Phil. 3, 6, 16: “cum divisurum se urbem palam suis polliceretur,” his partisans, id. ib. 13, 9, 19: “Caesar, cohortatus suos, proelium commisit,” Caes. B. G. 1, 25; so, “Curio exercitum reduxit, suis omnibus praeter Fabium incolumibus,” id. B. C. 2, 35: “Caesar receptui suorum timens,” id. ib. 3, 46: “certior ab suis factus est, praeclusas esse portas,” id. ib. 2, 20: “omnium suorum consensu, Curio bellum ducere parabat,” id. ib. 2, 37: so, “Pompejus suorum omnium hortatu statuerat proelio decertare,” id. ib. 3, 86: “Caesar Brundisium ad suos severius scripsit,” to his officers, id. ib. 3, 25: “naviculam conscendit cum paucis suis,” a few of his followers, id. ib. 3, 104: “multum cum suis consiliandi causā secreto praeter consuetudinem loqueretur,” id. ib. 1, 19: “nupsit Melino, adulescenti inprimis inter suos et honesto et nobili,” his equals, associates, Cic. Clu. 5, 11: “rex raptim a suis in equum impositus fugit,” his suite, Liv. 41, 4, 7: “subsidio suorum proelium restituere,” comrades, id. 21, 52, 10: “feras bestias ... ad opem suis ferendam avertas,” their young, id. 26, 13, 12: “abstulit sibi in suos potestatem,” his slaves, Sen. Ira, 3, 12, 6: “Besso et Nabarzani nuntiaverant sui regem ... interemptum esse,” their fellow - conspirators, Curt. 5, 12, 14. — Very rarely sing.: “ut bona mens suis omnibus fuerit. Si quem libido abripuit, illorum eum, cum quibus conjuravit, non suum judicet esse,” Liv. 39, 16, 5.—

(β). Irregular use (acc. to I. D.): sui = ejus amici, etc. (freq.; “the absolute use of ejus in this sense being inadmissible): quasi vero quisquam dormiat? ne sui quidem hoc velint, non modo ipse (sui = ejus amici, liberi),” Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92: “is (annus) ejus omnem spem ... morte pervertit. Fuit hoc luctuosum suis, acerbum patriae, etc.,” id. Or. 3, 2, 8: “quadrigas, quia per suos ( = ipsius milites) agendae erant, in primā acie locaverat rex,” Liv. 37, 41, 8: “auctoritatem Pisistrati qui inter suos ( = ejus cives) maxima erat,” id. 37, 12: “quo cum multitudine adversariorum sui superarentur, ipse fuit superior, etc.,” Nep. Hann. 8, 4; v. γ.—

(γ). Without antecedent (cf. I. B. supra): quoties necesse est fallere aut falli a suis, by one's friends, Sen. Phoen. 493.—

(δ). Sing.: sŭa , suae. f., a sweetheart, mistress (rare): illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit. Cic. Phil. 2, 28. 69: “cedo quid hic faciet sua?” Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 92.—

2. sŭum , i, n., and more freq. sŭa , suōrum, n. plur., = one's property.

a. Sing.

(α). Lit.: “nec suom adimerem alteri,” his property, his own, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 38 (34): “nunc si ille salvos revenit, reddam suom sibi (v. D. 3. a. infra),” id. ib. 1, 2, 119: “illum studeo quam facillime ad suum pervenire,” Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 4: “populi Romani hanc esse consuetudinem ut socios sui nihil deperdere velit,” Caes. B. G. 1, 43; cf. Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 3, I. A. 11. supra: “nec donare illi de suo dicimur,” Sen. Ben. 7, 4, 2; so esp. with quisque; v. infra — Hence, de suo = per se, or suā sponte; “(stellae) quae per igneos tractus labentia inde splendorem trahant caloremque, non de suo clara,” Sen. Q. N. 7, 1, 6. —

(β). Trop.: “meum mihi placebat, illi suum (of a literary essay),” Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3: suom quemque decet, his own manners, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 11; so, expendere oportet quid quisque habeat sui (what peculiarities) nec velle experiri quam se aliena deceant; “id enim maxime quemque decet quod est cujusque maxime suum,” Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113.—

(γ). Jurid. term: aliquid pro suo possidere, to possess in the belief of one's legal right: “pro suo possessio tale est, cum dominium nobis acquiri putamus. Et eā causā possidemus ex quā acquiritur, et praeterea pro suo,” Dig. 41, 10, 1; “so without an antecedent, and referring to a first person: item re donatā, pro donato et pro suo possideo,” ib. 41, 10, 1; v. the whole tit. ib. 42, 10 (Pro suo); cf. ib. 23, 3, 67; cf. C., infra fin.; “similarly: usucapere pro suo = acquire dominion by a possession pro suo, Fragm. Vat. 111: res pro suo, quod justam causam possidendi habet, usucapit,” id. ib. 260; Dig. 41, 3, 27. —

b. Plur.

(α). One's property: “Roscius tibi omnia sua praeter animam tradidit,” Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 146: “qui etiam hostibus externis victis sua saepissime reddiderunt,” id. Agr. 1, 6, 19: “tu autem vicinis tuis Massiliensibus sua reddis,” id. Att. 14, 14, 6: “Remi legatos miserunt qui dicerent se suaque omnia in fidem atque potestatem populi Romani permittere,” Caes. B. G. 2, 3, 2; 1, 11, 2; 2, 13, 2: “ipsi milites alveos informes quibus se suaque transveherent, faciebant,” their baggage, Liv. 21, 26, 9: “docere eos qui sua permisere fortunae,” Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. 7; so without an antecedent, one's own property (cf. I. B. 2. supra): “hanc ob causam maxime ut sua tenerentur res publicae constitutae sunt,” Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73; “rarely = eorum res: quod vero etiam sua reddiderint (i.e. Gallis),” Liv. 39, 55, 3. —

(β). One's own affairs: “aliena ut melius videant et dijudicent Quam sua,” Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 96: “cognoscunt ... immobile agmen et sua quemque molientem,” Liv. 10, 20, 8: “omnia ei hostium non secus quam sua nota erant,” id. 22, 41, 5: “aliena cum suis perdidit,” Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 3.—Absol., referring to a noun fem.: sua (finxit) C. Cassius ( = suas persuasiones; cf. “the context),” Quint. 6, 3, 90.

B. Predicative uses: suum esse, facere, fieri, putare, etc., like a gen. poss., to be, etc., the property, or under the dominion, control, power of the antecedent.

1. Of property in things.

(α). Corporeal: “scripsit causam dicere Prius aurum quare sit suum,” Ter. Eun. prol. 11: “nihil erat cujusquam quod non hoc anno suum fore putabat (Clodius),” Cic. Mil. 32, 87: “quia suum cujusque fit, eorum quae naturā fuerant communia quod cuique obtigit, id quisque teneat,” id. Off. 1, 7, 21: “Juba suam esse praedicans praedam,” Caes. B. C. 3, 84: “gratum sibi populum facturum, si omnes res Neapolitanorum suas duxissent,” Liv. 22, 32, 8: libros esse dicimus Ciceronis; “eosdem Dorus librarius suos vocat,” Sen. Ben. 7, 6, 1: “cum enim istarum personarum nihil suum esse possit,” since these persons can own nothing, Gai. Inst. 2, 96; cf. Dig. 1, 7, 15 pr.—Virtually predicative: “referas ad eos qui suam rem nullam habent ( = rem quae sua sit),” nothing of their own, Cic. Phil. 2, 6, 15: “qui in potestate nostrā est, nihil suum habere potest,” Gai. Inst. 2, 84. — ( β ) Of literary works: “quae convenere in Andriam ex Perinthiā Fatetur transtulisse, atque usum pro suis ( = quasi sua essent),” Ter. And. prol. 14: “potest autem ... quae tum audiet ... ingenue pro suis dicere,” his own thoughts, Quint. 12, 3, 3.—

(γ). Of a country or people: “suum facere = suae dicionis facere: commemorat ut (Caesar) magnam partem Italiae beneficio atque auctoritate eorum suam fecerit,” Caes. B. C. 2, 32: “in quam (Asiam) jam ex parte suam fecerit,” Liv. 44, 24, 4: “crudelissima ac superbissima gens sua omnia suique arbitrii facit,” id. 21, 44, 5.—

(δ). Trop.: “omnia sua putavit quae vos vestra esse velletis,” Cic. Phil. 11, 12, 27: “non meminit, illum exercitum senatūs populique Romani esse, non suum,” id. ib. 13, 6, 4: probavit, non rempublicam suam esse, sed se reipublicae, Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 8; “so of incorporeal things: hi si velint scire quam brevis eorum vita sit, cogitent ex quotā parte sua sit,” how much of it is their own, id. Brev. Vit. 19, 3; so, suum facere, to appropriate: “prudentis est, id quod in quoque optimum est, si possit, suum facere,” Quint. 10, 2, 26: “quaeremus quomodo animus (hanc virtutem) usu suam faciat,” Sen. Clem. 1, 3, 1.—

2. Of persons.

(α). Under a master's or father's control: “ut lege caverent, ne quis quem civitatis mutandae causā suum faceret, neve alienaret,” make any one his slave, Liv. 41, 8, 12: quid eam tum? suamne esse ajebat, his daughter, i.e. in his power? Ter. And. 5, 4, 29: “eduxit mater pro suā ( = quasi sua esset),” id. Eun. 1, 2, 76.—

(β). Reflexively = sui juris, independent, one's own master or mistress, not subject to another's control, under one's own control (v. sui juris, infra): “ancilla, quae mea fuit hodie, sua nunc est,” Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 3.—

(γ). Of moral power over others: suus = devoted to one: “hice hoc munere arbitrantur Suam Thaidem esse,” Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 38: “eos hic fecit suos Paulo sumptu,” id. Ad. 5, 4, 21: “sed istunc exora, ut (mulierem) suam esse adsimulet,” to be friendly to him, id. Heaut. 2, 3, 117: “cum Antonio sic agens ut perspiciat, si in eo negotio nobis satisfecerit, totum me futurum suum,” Cic. Att. 14, 1 a, 2: “Alpheus ... utebatur populo sane suo,” devoted to him, id. Quint. 7, 29.— Poet.: vota suos habuere deos, the vows (inst. of the persons uttering them) had the gods on their side, Ov. M. 4, 373. —

(δ). Of power over one's self, etc.: “nam qui sciet ubi quidque positum sit, quāque eo veniat, is poterit eruere, semperque esse in disputando suus,” self-possessed, Cic. Fin. 4, 4, 10: “inaestimabile bonum est suum fieri,” selfcontrol, Sen. Ep. 75, 18: “(furiosus) qui suus non est,” Dig. 42, 4, 7, § 9: “vix sua, vix sanae virgo Niseia compos Mentis erat,” Ov. M. 8, 35. —

3. Suum est, as impers. predicate: = ejus est, characteristic of, peculiar to one (very rare): “dixit antea, sed suum illud est, nihil ut affirmet,” Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 99.

C. Attributive usages, almost always (except in Seneca) with suus before its noun.

1. The property, relations, affairs, etc., of one opposed to those of another, own.

a. Opposition expressed: “nihil de suo casu, multa de vestro querebatur,” Cic. Balb. 8, 21: “sua sibi propiora pericula quam mea loquebantur,” id. Sest. 18, 40: “suasque et imperatoris laudes canentes,” Liv. 45, 38, 12: “damnatione collegae et suā,” id. 22, 35, 3: “Senecae fratris morte pavidum et pro suā incolumitate pavidum,” Tac. A. 14, 73: “velut pro Vitellio conquerentes suum dolorem proferebant,” id. H. 3, 37; “opp. alienus: ut suo potius tempore mercatorem admitterent, quam celerius alieno,” at a time convenient to themselves, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11. —Without antecedent, opp. externus: “(Platoni) duo placet esse motus, unum suum, alterum externum, esse autem divinius quod ipsum ex se suā sponte moveatur, etc.,” Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32. —

b. Implied: “voluptatem suis se finibus tenere jubeamus,” within the limits assigned to it, Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 1: “cum vobis immortale monumentum suis paene manibus senatus ... exstruxerit,” id. Phil. 14, 12, 33: “superiores (amnes) in Italiā, hic (Rhodanus) trans Alpes, hospitales suas tantum, nec largiores quam intulere aquas vehentes,” Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 224: colligitur aqua ex imbribus; “ex suo fonte nativa est,” Sen. Q. N. 3, 3: “pennas ambo non habuere suas (non suas = alienas),” Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 24. —

c. In particular phrases. ( α ) Suā sponte and suo Marte, of one's own accord, by one's self, without the suggestion, influence, aid, etc., of others: “Caesar bellum contra Antonium suā sponte suscepit,” Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5: “suā sponte ad Caesarem in jus adierunt,” Caes. B. C. 1, 87.—So of things, = per se, by or of itself, for itself, for its own sake: “jus et omne honestum suā sponte expetendum (cf. in the context: per se igitur jus est expetendum),” Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48: justitium suā sponte inceptum priusquam indiceretur, by itself, i. e. without a decree, Liv. 9, 7, 8; so, “sortes suā sponte attenuatas,” id. 22, 1, 11 (cf. id. 22, 38, 13; 35, 14, 4, I. A. 2., supra): rex enim ipse, suā sponte, nullis commentariis Caesaris, simul atque audivit ejus interitum suo Marte res suas recuperavit, Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95.—

(β). Suus locus, in milit. lang., one's own ground, position, or lines: “restitit suo loco Romana acies (opp. to the advance of the enemy),” Liv. 22, 16, 2.—So figuratively: “et staturas suo loco leges,” Sen. Ben. 2, 20, 2: “aciem instruxit primum suis locis, pauloque a castris Pompeji longius,” Caes. B. C. 3, 84 (cf.: suo loco, 7. b. γ, infra).—

(γ). For suo jure v. 3. infra.—

(δ). Sua Venus = one's own Venus, i. e. good luck (v. Venus): ille non est mihi par virtutibus, nec officiis; “sed habuit suam Venerem,” Sen. Ben. 2, 28, 2. —

2. Of private relations (opp. to public): “ut in suis rebus, ita in re publicā luxuriosus nepos,” Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 48: “deinde ut communibus pro communibus utatur, privatis ut suis,” id. Off. 1, 7, 20: “quod oppidum Labienus suā pecuniā exaedificaverat,” Caes. B. C. 1, 15: “militibus agros ex suis possessionibus pollicetur,” i. e. his private property, id. ib. 1, 17; Sen. Ben. 7, 6, 3. —

3. Of just rights or claims: “imperatori senatuique honos suus redditus,” due to them, Liv. 3, 10, 3: “neque inpedimento fuit, quominus religionibus suus tenor suaque observatio redderetur,” Val. Max. 1, 1, 8: “quibus omnibus debetur suus decor,” Quint. 11, 1, 41. — “So distributively: is mensibus suis dimisit legionem,” in the month in which each soldier was entitled to his discharge, Liv. 40, 41, 8. — Esp.: suo jure (so, meo, nostro, tuo, etc., jure), by his own right: “Tullus Hostilius qui suo jure in portā nomen inscripsit,” Cic. Phil. 13, 12, 26: “earum rerum hic A. Licinius fructum a me repetere prope suo jure debet,” id. Arch. 1, 1; id. Marcell. 2, 6; id. Phil. 2, 25, 62; id. Balb. 8, 21: “numquam illum res publica suo jure esset ulta,” by its unquestionable right, id. Mil. 33, 88. —

4. Of that to which one is exclusively devoted: “huic quaestioni suum diem dabimus,” a day for its exclusive discussion, Sen. Ep. 94, 52: “homini autem suum bonum ratio est,” his exclusive good, id. ib. 76, 10: “in majorem me quaestionem vocas, cui suus locus, suus dies dandus est,” id. Q. N. 2, 46, 1. — “With proprius: mentio inlata apud senatum est, rem suo proprio magistratu egere,” that the business needed a particular officer exclusively for itself, Liv. 4, 8, 4: “et Hannibalem suo proprio occupandum bello,” id. 27, 38, 7; cf.: “dissupasset hostes, ni suo proprio eum proelio equites Volscorum exceptum tenuissent,” in which they alone fought, id. 3, 70, 4: “mare habet suas venas quibus impletur,” by which it alone is fed, Sen. Q. N. 3, 14, 3. —

5. According to one's liking, of one's own choice.

a. Of persons, devoted to one, friendly, dear: “Milone occiso (Clodius) habuisset suos consules,” after his own heart, Cic. Mil. 33, 89: “collegit ipse se contra suum Clodium,” his dear Clodius, id. Pis. 12, 27 (cf.: suum facere, habere, II. B. 2. γ).—

b. Of things, favorable.

(α). Of place: neque Jugurtham nisi ... suo loco pugnam facere, on his own ground, i. e. chosen by him, favorable, Sall. J. 61, 1: “hic magna auxilia expectabant et suis locis bellum in hiemem ducere cogitabant,” Caes. B. C. 1, 61; cf.: “numquam nostris locis laboravimus,” Liv. 9, 19, 15.—

(β). Of time: “cum Perseus suo maxime tempore et alieno hostibus incipere bellum posset,” Liv. 42, 43, 3; v. 7. β, infra. —

c. Of circumstances: sua occasio, a favorable opportunity; sometimes without antecedent: “neque occasioni tuae desis, neque suam occasionem hosti des,” Liv. 22, 39, 21: “tantum abfuit ut ex incommodo alieno sua occasio peteretur,” id. 4, 58, 2: “aestuque suo Locros trajecit,” a favorable tide, id. 23, 41, 11: “ignoranti quem portum petat nullus suus ventus est,” Sen. Ep. 71, 3: “orba suis essent etiamnunc lintea ventis,” Ov. M. 13, 195: “aut ille Ventis iturus non suis,” Hor. Epod. 9, 30. —

6. Of persons or things, peculiar, particular: “quae est ei (animo) natura? Propria, puto, et sua,” Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70: “omnis enim motus animi suum quendam a naturā habet vultum,” id. de Or. 3, 57, 316: “geometrae et musici ... more quodam loquuntur suo. Ipsae rhetorum artes verbis in docendo quasi privatis utuntur ac suis,” id. Fin. 3, 1, 4: “sensus omnis habet suum finem,” its peculiar limits, Quint. 9, 4, 61: animus cum suum ambitum complevit et finibus se suis cinxit, consummatum est summum bonum, Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 3: est etiam in nominibus (nouns) diverso collocatis sua gratia, their peculiar elegance, Quint. 9, 3, 86: “ibi non bello aperto, sed suis artibus, fraude et insidiis, est paene circumventus,” Liv. 21, 34, 1: “nec Hannibalem fefellit, suis se artibus peti,” id. 22, 16, 5: “adversus hostem non virtute tantum, sed suis (i. e. hostis) etiam pugnare consiliis oportebat,” Flor. 2, 6, 26: “liberam Minucii temeritatem se suo modo expleturum,” Liv. 22, 28, 2: “equites ovantes sui moris carmine,” id. 10, 26, 11: “exsultans cum sui moris tripudiis,” id. 21, 42, 3: “tripudiantes suo more,” id. 23, 26, 9.—So, suo Marte, referring to the style of fighting peculiar to the different arms: “equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare,” that the cavalry were fighting both in their own style and in that of the other arms, Liv. 3, 62, 9; cf.: suo Marte, 1, c. α, supra.—And distributively ( = suus quisque): “suos autem haec operum genera ut auctores, sic etiam amatores habent,” Quint. 12, 10, 2: “illa vero fatidica fulmina ex alto et ex suis venire sideribus,” Plin. 2, 43, 43, § 113; cf.: “quae quidem planiora suis exemplis reddentur,” Val. Max. 3, 4 pröoem.—

7. Proper, right.

a. Referring to one's ordinary or normal condition: “quod certe non fecisset, si suum numerum naves habuissent,” their regular complement, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133. — So poet.: “flecte ratem! numerum non habet illa suum,” its full number, Ov. H. 10, 36: “novus exercitus consulibus est decretus: binae legiones cum suo equitatu,” Liv. 40, 36, 6: “cum suo justo equitatu,” id. 21, 17, 8: “totam (disciplinam) in suum statum redegit,” Val. Max. 2, 7, 2: “tranquillā mente et vultu suo,” with the ordinary expression of his face, Sen. Clem. 2, 6, 2: “media pars aëris ab his (ignibus) submota, in frigore suo manet. Natura enim aëris gelida est,” id. Q. N. 2, 10, 4: “cornuaque in patriis non sua vidit aquis,” not natural to her, Ov. H. 14, 90. — “So, non suus, of ingrafted branches and their fruit: miraturque (arbos) novas frondis et non sua poma,” Verg. G. 2, 82. —

b. Of time, proper, regular, etc. (cf. 5. β, supra).

(α). The regular time ( = stato tempore): “signum quod semper tempore exoritur suo,” Plaut. Rud. prol. 4: “cum et recte et suo tempore pepererit,” Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 16: aestas suo tempore incanduit ... ; “tam solstitium quam aequinoctium suos dies retulit,” Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 3: “omnes venti vicibus suis spirant majore ex parte,” Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128. —

(β). The right or proper time: “salictum suo tempore caedito,” Cato, R. R. 33: “cessit e vitā suo magis quam suorum civium tempore,” the right time for himself, Cic. Brut. 1, 4; so, “exstingui homini suo tempore optabile est,” id. Sen. 23, 85: “Scandilius dicit se suo tempore rediturum,” Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 139: “si Ardeates sua tempora exspectare velint,” Liv. 4, 7, 6: “Chrysippus dicit, illum ... opperiri debere suum tempus, ad quod velut dato signo prosiliat,” Sen. Ben. 2, 25, 3: “quam multi exercitus tempore suo victorem hostem pepulerunt!” Liv. 44, 39, 4. — Without antecedent: sed suo tempore totius sceleris hujus fons aperietur. Cic. Phil. 14, 6, 15; cf.: “de ordine laudis, etc., praecipiemus suo tempore,” Quint. 2, 4, 21. —

(γ). Suo loco = at the proper place: “quae erant prudentiae propria suo loco dicta sunt,” Cic. Off. 1, 40, 143: “quod reddetur suo loco,” Quint. 11, 1, 16: “ut suo loco dicetur,” Plin. 2, 90, 102, § 221: “inscripta quae suis locis reddam,” id. 1, prooem. § 27; Sen. Ben. 2, 20, 2; cf. 1, c. β; 4. supra. —

(δ). Suited, appropriate, adapted to one: “in eodem fundo suum quidquid conseri oportet,” Cato, R. R. 7: “siquidem hanc vendidero pretio suo,” at a suitable price, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 30: “in partes suas digerenda causa,” Quint. 11, 1, 6: “confundetur quidquid in suas partes natura digessit,” Sen. Q. N. 3, 29, 8. — Poet.: haec ego dumque queror, lacrimae sua verba sequuntur, Deque meis oculis in tua membra cadunt, appropriate, i. e. tristia, Ov. H. 14, 67.—Without antecedent: suum quidquid genus talearum serito, any fit kind, i. e. suited to the ground, Cato, R. R. 48. —

8. Own, with the notion of independence of, or dependence on others (cf. B. 2. γ δ).

a. Of political independence: pacem condicionibus his fecerunt ut Capuae suae leges, sui magistratus essent, her own laws, i. e. not subject to Carthage, Liv. 23, 7, 2: liberos eos ac suis legibus victuros, id. 25, 23, 4. — “Esp. in the phrases suae potestatis or in suā potestate esse, suo jure uti, sui juris esse: Puteolos, qui nunc in suā potestate sunt, suo jure, libertate aequā utuntur, totos occupabunt,” Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 86: “Rhegini potestatis suae ad ultimum remanserunt,” retained their self-government, Liv. 23, 30, 9: “urbem ne quam formulae sui juris facerent,” id. 38, 9, 10. —

b. Of paternal authority.

(α). Free from the power of the paterfamilias; in the phrases sui juris esse, suae potestatis esse, to be independent: “quaedam personae sui juris sunt, quaedam alieno juri sunt subjectae, Gai,” Inst. 1, 48: “sui juris sunt familiarum suarum principes, id est pater familiae, itemque mater familiae,” Ulp. Fragm. 4, 1: “liberi parentum potestate liberantur emancipatione. Sed filius quidem ter manumissus sui juris fit, ceteri autem liberi unā manumissione sui juris fiunt,” id. ib. 10, 1: “morte patris filius et filia sui juris fiunt,” id. ib. 10, 2: “patres familiarum sunt qui sunt suae potestatis,” Dig. 1, 6, 4: “si modo defunctus testator suae potestatis mortis tempore fuerit,” Gai. Inst. 2, 147. — “With indef. reference: si sui juris sumus,” Dig. 46, 2, 20; cf.: “pro suo possideo, 2. a. supra.—Attributively: sui juris arrogatio feminae,” Cod. Just. 8, 47, 8: “homo sui juris,” ib. 10, § 5.—Trop.: “sapiens numquam semiliber erit: integrae semper libertatis et sui juris,” Sen. Brev. Vit. 5, 3: “non illarum coitu fieri cometen, sed proprium et sui juris esse,” id. Q. N. 7, 12, 2: nullique sunt tam feri et sui juris adfectus, ut non disciplinā perdomentur, id. Ira, 2, 12, 3. —

(β). Subject to paternal authority, in the phrases suus heres, sui liberi; suus heres, an heir who had been in the paternal power of the deceased: “CVI SVVS HERES NON SIT, XII. Tab. fr. 5, 4.—In the jurists without antecedent: sui et necessarii heredes sunt velut filius filiave, nepos neptisve ex filiā, deinceps ceteri qui modo in potestate morientis fuerunt,” Gai. Inst. 2, 156: “(emancipati liberi) non sunt sui heredes,” ib. 2, 135: “alia facta est juris interpretatio inter suos heredes,” ib. 3, 15: “datur patrono adversus suos heredes bonorum possessio (where patrono is not the antecedent of suos),” ib. 3, 41: “sui heredes vel instituendi sunt vel exheredandi,” Ulp. Fragm. 22, 14: “accrescunt suis quidem heredibus in partem virilem, extraneis autem in partem dimidiam,” id. ib. 22, 17. — “Sui liberi, children in paternal power: de suis et legitimis liberis,” Cod. Just. 6, 55 inscr.

D. In particular connections.

1. With ipse, his own, etc. (cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 696).

a. Ipse agreeing with the antecedent of suus, the antecedent being,

(α). A subjectnom.: “(ingenium ejus) valet ipsum suis viribus,” by its own strength, Cic. Cael. 19, 45: “legio Martia non ipsa suis decretis hostem judicavit Antonium?” by its own resolutions, id. Phil. 4, 2, 5: “ruit ipse suis cladibus,” id. ib. 14, 3, 8: “si ex scriptis cognosci ipsi suis potuissent,” id. de Or. 2, 2, 8: “qui se ipse suā gravitate et castimoniā defenderet,” id. Cael. 5, 11: “quod ipse suae civitatis imperium obtenturus esset,” Caes. B. G. 1, 3: “suāmet ipsae fraude omnes interierunt,” Liv. 8, 18, 9; 39, 49, 3: “ut saeviret ipse in suum sanguinem effecerunt,” id. 40, 5, 1: “respicerent suum ipsi exercitum,” id. 42, 52, 10; 21, 31, 12; 22, 38, 3; 6, 19, 6.—

(β). A subject-acc.: “sunt qui dicant eam suā ipsam peremptam mercede,” Liv. 1, 11, 9: “(tribuniciam potestatem) suis ipsam viribus dissolvi,” id. 2, 44, 2.—

(γ). An object in dat. or acc.: “sic ut ipsis consistendi in suis munitionibus locus non esset,” Caes. B. C. 2, 6: “tribuni (hostem) intra suamet ipsum moenia compulere,” Liv. 6, 36, 4: “alios sua ipsos invidia opportunos interemit,” id. 1, 54, 8; 22, 14, 13.—Suus as adjunct of subject (rare): “aliquando sua praesidia in ipsos consurrexerunt,” their own garrisons revolted against them, Sen. Clem. 1, 26, 1.—

b. With gen. of ipse, strengthening the possessive notion (cf. 4.; “post-Aug. and very rare, but freq. in modern Lat.): aves (foetus suos) libero caelo suaeque ipsorum fiduciae permittunt,” Quint. 2, 6, 7 (but tuus ipsius occurs in Cic.: “tuo ipsius studio,” Cic. Mur. 4, 9: “tuam ipsius amicitiam,” Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 7).—