Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 10.
Reverend J. William Jones, Ed.

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[172] side. In a letter from the Count of Paris (Southern Historical papers, vol. VI, page 10), from which General Doubleday seems to have quoted, the former credits General Lee with 73,500 men of all arms on July 1st, and says: “If we deduct the cavalry on both sides, we can say that the Southern General fought with 62,000 or 63,000 men and 190 guns, the 80,000 or 82,000 men and 300 guns with which Meade encountered him at Gettysburg.” General Doubleday has evidently counted Stuart's cavalry twice in the above statement, while he has counted Pleasanton's cavalry but once.

But why at this day should General Doubleday resort to the complicated calculations by which the Count of Paris, several years ago, and in the absence of the official returns, attempted to arrive at the numbers of the Federal army on July 1st, 1863? General Meade's official return for June 30th, the day before the battle of Gettysburg began, has been more than once published. It is given in the article of General Early, which follows in the Southern Historical papers the very letter from which General Doubleday quotes, and of course it settles the question as to Meade's numbers. It gives the “present for duty” in the Federal infantry and artillery at that date as 89,283, and gives the strength of the cavalry as taken from the return of May 31st (that for June not having been made in the cavalry), as 10,192. Now, on July 2d two brigades, not included above, joined Meade, viz: Stannard's Vermont brigade and Lockwood's Maryland brigade. These are estimated by General Humphreys at 2,500 each, or 5,000 for the two. In regard to the cavalry, after the return of May 31st was made Stahl's brigade of 6,100 men joined Hooker, but the Federal cavalry suffered severely in the fights and marches of June, and Dr. Bates as well as other Federal authorities, estimate that it did not exceed 12,000 on July 1. (Its strength on July 10 was 11,842.) Hence, adding the 5,000 infantry, we have 94,283 as the “present for duty” in the Federal infantry and artillery at Gettysburg, and adding the 12,000 cavalry, we have Meade's “present for duty” of all arms as 106,283. (As appears from the return of July 10, this number should be still further increased a few hundreds by some batteries which were omitted from the return of June 30.) Meade s return contains a heading not used in Confederate reports--“present for duty, equipped, which contains only those actually available for the line of battle” ; that is, it omits all general and staff officers, provost guard, engineer brigade, signal corps and guards and orderlies, and includes only line officers and men. Under this head the return of June 30 gives 83,900 infantry and artillery. Add Stannard's and Lockwood's 5,000 and the 12,000