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233.2. loco: in app. with colle; cf. § 282. d (184. c); B. 169. 4; G. 411. 3; H. 393. 7 (363. 4. 2); H-B. 319. i. 233.7.

sub muro, etc.: this sentence is an excellent example, at the same time, both of the natural precedence of the relative in Latin and of the freedom of all real language from grammatical trammels. The student should first translate it literally thus: Under the wall, which side of the hill (i.e. the side which) faced the east all this space the forces of the Gauls had filled, and had carried along a ditch, etc. The meaning of this is obvious, but it is not at all in accordance with our English idiom. Indeed, it is not strictly grammatical in any language. After the student has seen what it means, he should try to put it into some form that is allowable in English idiom, say: Under the wall, the side … , all this space the forces … , and had made there, etc. 233.10.

munitionis: Caesar constructed a line of contravallation; i.e. a series of works entirely surrounding the town, so as to resist a sortie. 233.11.

milia : acc. of extent; tenebat having here the force of pertinebat.—castra, etc.: in the remains of these works traces have been found of four infantry and four cavalry camps (see plan, Fig. 102). 233.13.

stationes, etc.: in the daytime a mere picket-guard occupied each redoubt; at night it was necessary to station in them strong garrisons with numerous sentries (excubitoribus) on their walls.


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hide References (2 total)
  • Commentary references from this page (2):
    • A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, G. L. Kittredge, J. B. Greenough, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar, 282
    • Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek, 411
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