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242.3. atque, and even. 242.4.

harpagonum: iron hooks fastened to poles, for tearing down the defences; see Fig. 127. 242.5.

campestrīs munitiones: the works in the plain; i e. the line of circumvallation in the Plain of the Laumes, southwest from Alesia; see plan, Fig 102. 242.6.

quā = ut : introducing a clause of purpose. 242.8.

cratīs, hurdles of woven twigs, to cover the trenches. 242.13.

fundis librilibus: heavy stones fastened to a thong, by which they were hurled with great force. 242.14.

glandibus: leaden bullets. 242.18.

his auxilio: two datives. 242.19.

deductos: sc. milites. The thought is that men were withdrawn from the more distant redoubts to defend those that were in greatest danger.


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