This text is part of:
Table of Contents:
Chapter
44
: Secession.—schemes of compromise.—Civil War.—
Chairman
of foreign relations Committee.—
Dr.
Lieber
.—
November
,
1860
–
April
,
1861
.
Chapter
45
: an antislavery policy.—the
Trent
case.—Theories of reconstruction.—confiscation.—the session of
1861
-
1862
.
Chapter
48
:
Seward
.—emancipation.—peace with
France
.—letters of marque and reprisal.—foreign mediation.—action on certain military appointments.—personal relations with foreigners at
Washington
.—letters to Bright,
Cobden
, and the
Duchess
of
Argyll
.—English opinion on the
Civil War
.—
Earl
Russell
and
Gladstone
.—foreign relations.—
1862
-
1863
.
Chapter
49
: letters to
Europe
.—test oath in the senate.—final repeal of the fugitive-slave act.—abolition of the coastwise slave-trade.—
Freedmen's Bureau
.—equal rights of the colored people as witnesses and passengers.—equal pay of colored troops.—
first
struggle for suffrage of the colored people.—
thirteenth
amendment of the constitution.—
French
spoliation claims.—taxation of national banks.— differences with
Fessenden
.—Civil service Reform.—Lincoln's re-election.—parting with friends.—
1863
-
1864
.
Chapter
50
: last months of the
Civil War
.—Chase and
Taney
,
chief-justices
.—the
first colored
attorney in the
supreme court
—reciprocity with
Canada
.—the
New Jersey
monopoly.— retaliation in war.—reconstruction.—debate on
Louisiana
.—Lincoln and
Sumner
.—visit to
Richmond
.—the president's death by assassination.—Sumner's eulogy upon him. —
President
Johnson
; his method of reconstruction.—Sumner's protests against race distinctions.—death of friends. —French visitors and correspondents.—
1864
-
1865
.
Chapter
51
: reconstruction under
Johnson
's policy.—the
fourteenth
amendment to the constitution.—defeat of equal suffrage for the
District of Columbia
, and for
Colorado
,
Nebraska
, and
Tennessee
.—fundamental conditions.— proposed trial of
Jefferson
Davis
.—the neutrality acts. —Stockton's claim as a senator.—tributes to public men. —consolidation of the statutes.—excessive labor.— address on
Johnson
's Policy.—his mother's death.—his marriage.—
1865
-
1866
.
Chapter
52
: Tenure-of-office act.—equal suffrage in the
District of Columbia
, in new states, in territories, and in reconstructed states.—schools and homesteads for the
Freedmen
.—purchase of
Alaska
and of
St. Thomas
.—death of
Sir
Frederick
Bruce
.—Sumner on
Fessenden
and
Edmunds
.—
the prophetic voices.
—lecture tour in the
West
.—
are we a nation?
—
1866
-
1867
.
Chapter
54
:
President
Grant
's cabinet.—
A.
T.
Stewart
's disability.—
Mr.
Fish
,
Secretary of State
.—Motley, minister to
England
.—the
Alabama
claims.—the
Johnson
-
Clarendon
convention.— the senator's speech: its reception in this country and in
England
.—the
British
proclamation of belligerency.— national claims.—instructions to
Motley
.—consultations with
Fish
.—political address in the autumn.— lecture on caste.—
1869
.
Chapter
55
:
Fessenden
's death.—the public debt.—reduction of postage.—
Mrs.
Lincoln
's pension.—end of reconstruction.—race discriminations in naturalization.—the
Chinese
.—the senator's record.—the
Cuban Civil War
.—annexation of
San Domingo
.—the treaties.—their use of the navy.—interview with the presedent.—opposition to the annexation; its defeat.—
Mr.
Fish
.—removal of
Motley
.—lecture on Franco-Prussian War.—
1869
-
1870
.
Chapter
56
:
San Domingo
again.—the senator's
first
speech.—return of the angina pectoris.—Fish's insult in the
Motley Papers
.— the senator's removal from the foreign relations committee.—pretexts for the remioval.—
second
speech against the
San Domingo
scheme.—the treaty of
Washington
.—Sumner and
Wilson
against
Butler
for governor.—
1870
-
1871
.
Chapter
57
: attempts to reconcile the
President
and the senator.—ineligibility of the
President
for a
second
term.—the Civil-rights Bill.—sale of arms to
France
.—the liberal
Republican party
:
Horace
Greeley
its candidate adopted by the
Democrats
.—
Sumner
's
reserve
.—his relations with Republican friends and his colleague.—speech against the
President
.—support of
Greeley
.—last journey to
Europe
.—a meeting with
Motley
.—a night with John Bright.—the
President
's re-election.—
1871
-
1872
.
Chapter
58
: the battle-flag resolution.—the censure by the
Massachusetts Legislature
.—the return of the angina pectoris. —absence from the senate.—proofs of popular favor.— last meetings with friends and constituents.—the
Virginius
case.—European friends recalled.—
1872
-
1873
.
Chapter
59
: cordiality of senators.—last appeal for the Civil-rights bill. —death of
Agassiz
.—guest of the
New England
Society in New York.—the nomination of
Caleb
Cushing
as chief-justice.—an appointment for the
Boston
custom-house.— the rescinding of the legislative censure.—last effort in debate.—last day in the senate.—illness, death, funeral, and memorial tributes.—
Dec.
1
,
1873
—
March
11
,
1874
.
[371]
the ‘Prophetic Voices concerning America,’ which at the time of his death he was enlarging for a separate publication, it fell to his literary executors to complete the enterprise, with the assistance of proof-readers, acting under Mr. Longfellow's immediate direction.
The last two volumes, the proofs of which were read by Mr. A. W. Stevens, did not appear till May, 1883, on account of a suspension of the work, the completion of which Mr. Longfellow and Mr. Nichols did not live to see. The announcement of the proposed complete edition of his Works called out a large number of notices, which dwelt at length on his habits of mind, his style, and his position as a statesman.
The one contributed to the New York Independent, May 12, 1870, was from the distinguished scholar, Moses Coit Tyler.
Sumner's name had at different times been mentioned for Secretary of State and for the missions to England and France. Mr. Lincoln, at the time he called for the resignation of Mr. Blair, Postmaster-General, in 1864, contemplated a change in the state department after the election in 1864;1 and in that event it is likely that he would have invited Sumner to be Seward's successor.
Sumner's name was mentioned in connection with the Cabinet which Wade might have formed if Johnson had been removed by impeachment; and it was now again, after General Grant's election, canvassed in connection with the state department.
It is not likely that Sumner would have consented to pass from the Senate to the Cabinet except at an exigent call; certainly he never indicated any wish to make the change, or any disappointment that he had not been called to make it. The duties of the place he had long held were congenial to him; its tenure was secure, and work remained to be done in it on the completion of which he had set his heart.
His friends also, who took the most interest in his personal fortunes, were averse to his leaving the Senate.
E. L. Pierce wrote to him, Jan. 20, 1869: ‘By your service in the Senate you are to live in the history of the country.
Is it not best to remain there?
With it there is fixedness and independence; beyond, there is uncertainty of tenure and a measure of subordination.’2 Sumner was reticent when his name was mentioned for the Cabinet as among the probabilities.
The most that he said was in a letter
1 Ante, p. 195, note.
2 William Endicott. Jr., of Boston, and W. M. Dickson, of Cincinnati, took the same view in letters; and the Boston Commonwealth, Nov. 21, 1868, concurred in it.
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