Thomas R. Martin, An Overview of Classical Greek History from Mycenae to Alexander, The Creation of Macedonian Power, The Conquest of Persia

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Introduction to the Historical Overview in Perseus Geographical and Historical Introduction The Early Greek Dark Age and Revival in the Near East Remaking Greek Civilization The Archaic Age The Late Archaic City-State Introduction to the Fifth Century Clash Between Greeks and Persians Athenian Empire in the Golden Age Athenian Religious and Cultural Life in the Golden Age Continuity and Change in Athenian Social and Intellectual History The Peloponnesian War and Athenian Life Introduction to the Fourth Century The Aftermath of the Peloponnesian War New Directions in Philosophy and Education The Creation of Macedonian Power

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Macedonian Monarchy Macedonians and Greeks The Ambitions of Philip II Philip's Reorganization of the Macedonian Army Philip and the Greeks The Aftermath of the Battle of Chaeronea Alexander's Rise to Power Alexander's Hopes The Attack on the Persian Empire The Siege of Tyre Alexander in Egypt The Conquest of Persia Alexander's March to the East Alexander in Afghanistan and India The Return of Alexander Alexander's Last Plans The Aims of Alexander The Death of Alexander The Effect of Alexander

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The Conquest of Persia

In 331 B.C., Alexander crushed the Persian king's main army at the battle of Gaugamela¹ in northern Mesopotamia near the border of modern Iraq and Iran. He subsequently proclaimed himself king of Asia in place of the Persian king. For the heterogeneous populations of the Persian Empire, the succession of a Macedonian to the Persian throne meant essentially no change in their lives. They continued to send the same taxes to a remote master, whom they rarely if ever saw. As in Egypt, Alexander left the local administrative system of the Persian empire in place, even retaining some Persian governors. His long-term aim seems to have been to forge an administrative corps composed of Macedonians, Greeks, and Persians working together to rule the territory he conquered with his army.

1 Diod. 17.53.1

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Thomas R. Martin, An Overview of Classical Greek History from Mycenae to Alexander

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The Conquest of Persia