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[285] unable to repulse by tomahawk and scalping-knife. Kansas, their immediate neighbour on the north, was Free Soil. The settlements in their rear were rising into Free States. From time to time Free Soilers came into their hunting-grounds, sniffing the air, glancing at the slaves, and threatening the savages with a war of liberation.

Long before war broke out, such chiefs as Jack Ross, White Catcher, and Lucy Mouse were exercised in mind about “the great institution of African slavery.” From Richmond and New Orleans they heard that one object of the North was to annul this institution in the Indian lands, to make these Indian lands Free Soil, and in the end to plant free cities on the site of Indian camps. Catcher and Mouse talked big, and Ross, an older and shrewder chief, advised his braves to secretly whet their knives.

War came. The solution of a great and difficult social problem was committed to the sword. Then Jefferson Davis sent an agent to the Indian lodges, with the object of exciting Creek and Choctaw fears, and drawing the Indian chiefs into a league with the Confederate States.

Albert Pike, this agent, was in figure and repute

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