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[*] 560. Omission and use of article and o)/ros with names of mountains. The use of the names of mountains follows in general the same rules as prevail in the case of names of rivers. But between the article and the word “ὄρος”, the name of a mountain is found only when it is distinctly adjectival, and ordinary apposition, which occurs rarely, if at all, in classic authors in the case of rivers, cannot be questioned with names of mountains. “ἐς Δῖον . . . ὃ ὑπὸ τῷ Ὀλύμπῳ . . . κεῖται”, THUC.4.78.6(well-known mountain). “ἀπ᾽ Ὀλύμπου δὲ ὄρεος” (Mysian mountain) “καλέονται Ὀλυμπιηνοί”, HDT.7.74. “τὸ Αἰγάλεων” (adjective) “ὄρος”, THUC.2.19.2. “τὸ Κρόνιον” (adjective used subst.), XEN. Hell. 7.4.14. “ὑπὸ τῷ ὄρει τῇ Γερανείᾳ”, THUC.4.70.1. “ὑπὸ τῷ ὄρει: . . . τὸ καλέεται Αἰγάλεως” (predicate), HDT.8.90. “Διῆς . . . οἱ ἐν Ἄθῳ” (attrib. prepositional phrase), THUC.5.82.1. “μέχρι Καυκάσιος ὄρεος” (improper preposition), HDT.3.97(but “τὰ δὲ πρὸς βορέην ἄνεμον τοῦ Καυκάσιος”, Ibid., and “ο: Καύκασος”, 1.203. 204). “τὴν πρὸς Κιθαιρῶνα καὶ Δρυὸς κεφαλάς” (double locality), THUC.3.24.1. LYCURG.95: “λέγεται . . . ἐκ τῆς Αἴτνης ῥύακα πυρὸς γενέσθαι.” DEM.19.141(=148): “τὸ Τιλφωσαῖον.” 148: “ἐπὶ τῶ Ἡδυλείω”. AESCHIN.2.90: “Ἱερὸν ὄρος” (city name). 3.86: “τὸ Κοτύλαιον ὀνομαζόμενον ὄρος. 132: τὸν Ἄθω. 161: ἐκ μέσου τοῦ Κιθαιρῶνος”. ISOC.4.89: “τὸν . . . Ἄθω”. LYS. [2]. 29: “τὸν Ἄθω” . 49: “Γεράνειαν” (locality). ANDOC.1.38: “ἐπὶ Λαυρίῳ. 39: ἐπὶ Λαύριον” (mines referred to in both cases). PLATO, Legg. 699A: “ἀκούοντες Ἄθω τε διορυττόμενον καὶ Ἑλλήσποντον ζευγνύμενον” (enumeration). XEN. An. 5.3.10: “ἐκ τῆς Φολόης”. 7.8.7: “τὴν Ἴδην”. Cyn. 11.1: “περὶ τὸ Πάγγαιον ὄρος” . Hell. 1.2.9: “τοὺς ὁπλίτας τοὺς ἐν Κορησσῷ. 4.3.9: μεταξὺ Πραντὸς καὶ Ναρθακίου. 5.2.17: ἐν τῷ Παγγαίῳ. 6.5.51: τὸ Ὄνειον”. 7.4.14 (see above). Oec. 19.6: “περὶ τὸν Λυκαβηττόν”. THUC.1.101.2: “ἐς Ἰθώμην ἀπέστησαν” (both mountain and locality). 2.19.2 (see above). 23.1: “μεταξὺ Πάρνηθος καὶ Βριλησσοῦ ὄρους.” 55.1: “μέχρι Λαυρείου.” 75.2: “ἐκ τοῦ Κιθαιρῶνος.” 96.3: “ἐκ τοῦ Σκομίου” (some MSS.: “Σκόμβρου”) “ὄρους”. 99.3: “ὑπὸ τὸ Πάγγαιον . . . ὑπὸ τῷ Παγγαίῳ. 102.2: ἐκ Πίνδου ὄρους. 3.19.2: μέχρι τοῦ Σανδίου λόφου”. 24.1 (see above). 85.4: “ἐς τὸ ὄρος τὴν Ἰστώνην” (Istone also name of region). 116.1: “ἐπὶ τῇ Αἴτνῃ τῷ ὄρει” (Kallenberg agrees with Herw, in cancelling “τῷ ὄρει”). 4.44.4: “ὑπὸ τοῦ ὄρους τοῦ Ὀνείου” (adj.). 70.1 (see above). 78.6 (see above). 96.7: “πρὸς Πάρνηθα τὸ ὄρος” (Herw. would strike out “τὸ ὄρος”). 5.16.3: “ἐς Λύκαιον” (temple is meant). 82.1 (see above). 8.108.4: “διὰ τῆς Ἴδης τοῦ ὄρους” (Gen. “τῆς Ἴδης” may depend on “τοῦ ὄρους”). HDT.1.43: “ἐς τὸν Ὄλυμπον τὸ ὄρος” (Cobet would strike out “τὸ ὄρος”). 69: “ἐν Θόρνακι” (name includes temple and locality). 72: “ἐξ Ἀρμενίου ὄρεος”, from a mountain of Armenia. 104: “τὸ Καυκάσιον ὄρος. 2.8: ἐκ τοῦ Ἀραβίου ὄρεος”. 3.97 (see above). 4.49: “ἐκ δὲ Παιόνων καὶ ὄρεος Ῥοδόπης. 7.42: Κάνης ὄρος” (compare “Μαιάνδρου πεδίον”). 74 (see above). 188: “πρὸς Ἴπνους καλεομένους τοὺς ἐν Πηλίῳ”. 8.90 (see above). 116: “ἐς τὸ ὄρος τὴν Ῥοδόπην. 9.93: ἐκ Λάκμονος ὄρεος” (obscure mountain). There are also numerous instances of the articular name without “ὄρος”. So Athos, Parnassus, Cithaeron, Haemus, Ida, Caucasus, etc.
Syntax of Classical Greek from Homer to Demosthenes. Basil L. Gildersleeve. New York. American Book Company. 1900.
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