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شَدِيدٌ ذ Possessing the quality of شِدَّة: (S, L:) i. e. hard; applied to a substance and to an attribute: firm, compact, or sound: (L:) strong, powerful, forceful; vigorous, robust, sturdy, or hardy; (A, Mgh, L, Msb;) applied to a thing, (Msb,) and to a man; (A, Mgh, L;) as also شَدِيدُ القُوَى: (Mgh:) pl., applied to men, أَشِدَّآءُ and [applied to things and men] شِدَادٌ (A, L) and شُدُدٌ, (Sb, L,) which last preserves its original form [without idghám] because not resembling a verb: (L:) also courageous, brave, firm of heart: (L, K: *) and niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious; (A, L, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مُتَشَدِّدٌ : (S, A, L, K:) and [as is implied by the first explanation above, and shown by frequent usage,] vehement, violent, intense, pressing, severe, strict, rigorous, tight, strait or difficult, hard as meaning hard to be borne, troublesome, distressing or distressful, afflictive, calamitous, or adverse. (L, KL, PS, &c.) You say, هُوَ شَدِيدٌ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ [He is hard, or severe, or rigorous, to his people]. (A.) [And شَدِيدٌ عَلَى كَذَا Niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious, of such a thing.] Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, using شَدِيد in the sense of شَحِيح, “ حَدَرْنَاهُ بِالأَثْوَابِ فِى قَعْرِ هُوَّةٍ
شَدِيدٍ عَلَى مَا ضُمَّ فِى اللَّحْدِ جُولُهَا
” [We lowered him, with the grave-clothes, into the bottom of a cavity in the ground, the sides whereof were tenacious of what was comprised in the lateral hollow which was the place of the corpse]. (L.) And the words of the Kur [c. 8], وَإِِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ, accord. to Zj, mean And verily, on account of the love of wealth, he is niggardly, or tenacious, or avaricious. (L.) شَدِيدُ العَيْنِ applied to a man, and شَدِيْدَةُ جَفْنِ العَيْنِ metaphorically applied by a poet to a she-camel, mean Whom sleep does not overcome. (L.) And الشَّدِيدُ means The lion; (K;) because of his strength and hardiness. (TA.) [شَدِيد with a subst. or an inf. n. following it in the gen. case, the latter having the article ال prefixed to it, or being prefixed to another noun in the gen. case, supplies the place of an intensive epithet; as in شَدِيدُ السَّوَادِ Intensely, or very, black; and شَدِيدُ الغَضَبِ Vehemently, or exceedingly, or very, angry; and] مِسْكٌ شَدِيدُ الرَّائِحَةِ Strong-smelling musk; (L;) [and رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ العَيْنِ A man intensely white in the eye.] ― -b2- الحُرُوفُ الشَّدِيدَةُ [The strong letters] are those letters which, in a state of quiescence, prevent the current of the voice in their utterance; namely أ, ب, ت, ج, د, ط, ق, and ك; (TA;) the letters comprised in the words أَجَدْتَ طَبَقَكَ. (K.)
An Arabic-English Lexicon. London. Williams and Norgate. 1863.
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