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4 اشفق ذ signifies He feared, or was cautious; as also ↓ شَفِقَ [in the CK شَفَقَ]; or only the former: (K, TA:) [accord. to ISd,] ↓ شَفِقَ , inf. n. شَفَقٌ, signifies he feared: (M:) IDrd says, ↓ شَفِقْتُ [in one of my copies of the S شفَقتُ] and أَشْفَقْتُ are syn., (S, O, TA,) as some assert, (O, TA,) but the lexicologists disallow this, (S, O,) saying that one should only say أَشْفَقْتُ: (O:) accord. to Er-Rághib, الإِِشْفَاقُ signifies [the being affected with] care, or solicitude, mixed with fear; and when it is trans. by means of مِنْ, the meaning of fear is most apparent in it; but when trans. by means of عَلَى, the meaning of care, or solicitude, is most apparent in it: (TA: [and the like is said by Bd in xxi. 29:]) or it signifies [the being affected with] fright [or fear]; sometimes mixed with faithful or sincere or honest advice; and sometimes divested thereof: (Ham p. 179:) one says, أَشْفَقْتُ مِنْهُ, (S,) or مِنْ كَذَا, (Msb,) I feared, or was cautious of, (S, Msb,) him, or it, (S,) or such a thing: (Msb:) or اشفق مِنْهُ he feared him, or it: (MA:) and أَشْفَقْتُ عَلَيْهِ, (S, [in which it is implied that this differs from أَشْفَقْتُ مِنْهُ,]) or عَلَى الصَّغِيرِ, I was affectionate, kind, or compassionate, and favourably inclined, [towards him, or] towards the little one: (Msb: [and a similar explanation is given in the MA:]) and ↓ شَفَقْتُ , aor. شَفِقَ , is a dial. var. thereof [i. e. of أَشْفَقْتُ when trans. by means of عَلَى, and perhaps also when it is trans. by means of مِنْ]: (Msb:) or اشفق عَلَيْهِ signifies [he was solicitously affectionate, &c., towards him; agreeably with the explanation of Er-Rághib above, and with that here following;] he was affected with pity, or compassion, and tenderness, and fear, for him, at the same time giving him faithful or sincere or honest advice, أَنْ يَنَالَهُ مَكْرُوهٌ [lest some disliked or evil event should betide him]: (TA:) or he feared, or was cautious, for him: and اشفق مِنْهُ he was impatient of him, or it: and ↓ شَفَقَ is a dial. var. [of اشفق when trans. by means of مِنْ, and app. also when trans. by means of عَلَى]. (M.) -A2- See also 2. -A3- Also He entered upon [the time of] the شَفَق [q. v.]. (M.) And He came in a [time of] شَفَق: and so ↓ شفّق . (M.)
An Arabic-English Lexicon. London. Williams and Norgate. 1863.
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