This text is part of:
Table of Contents:
أَبَدٌ ذ Time, syn. دَهْرٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) in an absolute sense: (TA:) or a long time, syn. دَهْرٌ طَوِيلٌ: (A, and Mgh: [and this may be meant in the S &c. by the syn. دَهْرٌ alone, q. v.:]) or, properly, a long time (دهر طويل) that is unlimited: (Msb, TA:) or an extended space of time that is indivisible; for you say زَمَانُ كَذَا: “ the time of such a thing,” but not أَبَدُ كَذَا: (Er-Rághib:) [and generally, time, or duration, or continuance, or existence, without end; endless time, &c.; prospective eternity; opposed to أَزَلٌ, which signifies “ time, or duration, &c., without beginning: ” (see the latter word for further explanations, &c.:) each of these significations may be meant by the explanation in the S and M and K, which is also given in the Msb: each correctly applies in particular instances:] pl. [of pauc.] آبَادٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and [of mult.] أُبُودٌ (S, M, K) [and أَبَدُونَ, of which an ex. will be found below]: but the use of these pls. is restricted to particular cases, to signify portions of time, or to serve as corroboratives to the sing.: (MF:) as signifying an extended indivisible space of time, [or the like,] أَبَدٌ should have neither dual nor pl.; but آبَادٌ is sometimes said, when the sing. is restricted to denote a particular part, or portion, of the whole of that to which it applies, in like manner as a generic noun is restricted to a special and partial signification: some, however, have mentioned آبَادٌ as being post-classical; not of the language of the Arabs called العَرَبُ العَرْبَآءُ. (Er-Rághib.) طَالَ الأَبَدْ عَلَى لُبَدْ [The time became long to Lubad, the last, and the longest of life, of Luk- mán's seven vultures, to the term of the life of which his own term of life was decreed to extend,] is a proverb applied to any thing that has been of long duration. (M.) And you say, رَزَقَكَ ا@للّٰهُ عُمُرًا طَوِيلَ الآبَادِ بَعِيدَ الآمَادِ [May God grant thee a life long in duration (lit. durations, the pl. form being used not in its proper sense, but to give intensiveness of signification), and remote in limit (lit. limits）]. (A.) And كَانَ هٰذَا فِى آبَادِ الدَّهْرِ This was a long time ago. (Mgh.) And ↓ أَبَدٌ آبِدٌ (TA) and ↓ أَبَدٌ أَبِيدٌ , (S, M, TA,) meaning دَائِمٌ [in an intensive sense]; (TA;) [A long, or an endless, period of time;] like as you say, دَهْرٌ دَاهِرٌ (S) or دَهْرٌ دَهِيرٌ. (M.) [In each of these phrases, the latter word is added as a corroborative, or to give intensiveness to the signification.] لِلْأَبِدَ and لِأَبِدٍ and [in an intensive sense, as will be seen below,] لِأَبِدَ أَبَدٍ and لِأَبَدِ الأَبَدِ, accord. to different recitals of a trad., signify To the end of time; for ever; and for ever and ever. (TA.) أَبَدًا is an adv. n., of which the signification includes all future time; [meaning Ever; like قَطُّ in relation to past time;] (El-Khafájee, El-Bedr Ed-Demámeenee, MF;) and عَلَى الأَبَدِ signifies the same. (TA.) [So, too, does الأَبَدَ, unless used in a limited sense known to the hearer.] When you say, لَا أُكَلِّمُهُ أَبَدًا, you mean, [I will not speak to him as long as I live, or henceforth, or ever; or I will never speak to him; i. e.,] from the time of your speaking to the end of your life. (Msb.) [In this case, أَبَدًا may also be considered as a mere corroborative. It is used in both these ways (للتَّأْسِيسِ and لِلتَّوْكِيدِ) in affirmative as well as negative sentences. For exs. of its use in affirmative sentences, see the Kur xviii. 2 and iv. 60, &c.] One also says, لَا أَفْعَلُهُ, (S, M, A,) and لَا آتِيهِ, (T, K,) أَبَدَ الآبَادِ, (T, M, A, K,) which, though of classical authority, is said to be no evidence of the use of آباد as a pl. of أَبَدٌ in a general way by the Arabs of the classical ages, as it is here added merely as a corroborative, as آزال is in the phrase أَزَلَ الآزَالِ; (MF;) and أَبَدَ الأَبَدِينَ, (M, A, K,) in which the latter word is not a rel. n., for if so it would be الأَبَدِيِّينَ, but app. a pl., (M,) like أَرَضُونَ; (M, K;) and ↓ أَبَدَ الآبِدِينَ , (S, K,) like as you say, دَهْرَ الآبِدِينَ; (S;) and ↓ أَبَدَ الأَبَدِيَّةِ ; (M, K;) and ↓ أَبَدَ الأَبِيدِ ; (T, S, M, A, K;) and أَبِيدَ ↓ الأَبِيدِ ; (M, K;) and أَبَدَ الأَبَدِ; (K;) and أَبَدَ الدَّهْرِ; (M, K; [in the T يَدَ الدَّهْرِ;]) all of which phrases are the same in meaning; (K;) [i. e. I will not do it, and I will not come to him, (or لا آتيه may here mean the same as لا افعله,) during the endless space of all future times, or time; or the like; or for ever and ever; εἰς αἰῶνα τῶν αἰώνων ; in seculum seculorum; in omne ævum;] the last word in every case being a corroborative. (MF.) ― -b2- Also, [for ذُو أَبَدٍ, and (applied to a fem. n.) ذَاتُ أَبَدٍ,] Lasting: or everlasting. (S, A, K.) So in the saying, الدُّنيَاء أَمَدٌ وَالآخِرَةُ أَبَدٌ [The present state of existence is limited in duration, but the final state of existence is everlasting]. ('Obeyd Ibn-'Omeyr and L.) And الأَبَدُ signifies [The Everlasting; i. e. God; because He alone is ↓ البَاقِى الأَبَدِيّ The Enduring without end or cessation; for the Muslims hold that all living creatures (even the angels) must die, and be raised again to life: or] The Ancient without beginning. (K.) -A2- Also Offspring that is a year old. (K.)
An Arabic-English Lexicon. London. Williams and Norgate. 1863.
The U.S. Department of Education, The Max Planck Society provided support for entering this text.
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License.
An XML version of this text is available for download, with the additional restriction that you offer Perseus any modifications you make. Perseus provides credit for all accepted changes, storing new additions in a versioning system.
hide
Dictionary Entry Lookup
Use this tool to search for dictionary entries in all lexica.
