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8 ائتخذ ذ [written with the disjunctive alif اِيتَخَذَ] occurs in its original form; and is changed into ا@تَّخَذَ [with the disjunctive alif اِتَّخَذَ]; this being of the measure افتعل from أَخْذُ, the [radical] ' being softened, and changed into ت, and incorporated [into the augmentative ت]: hence, when it had come to be much used in the form of افتعل [thus changed], they imagined the [former] ت to be a radical letter [unchanged], and formed from it a verb of the measure فَعِلَ, aor. يَفْعَلُ; saying, تَخِذَ, aor. يَتْخَذُ, (S, L, Msb, *) inf. n. تَخَذٌ and تَخْذٌ: (Msb:) and ↓ ا@سْتَخَذَ [written with the disjunctive alif اِسْتَخَذَ], of which exs. will be found below, is also used for اتّخذ; one of the two تs being changed into س, like as س is changed into ت in سِتٌّ [for سِدْسٌ]: or استخذ may be of the measure استفعل from تَخِذَ; one of the two تs being suppressed; after the manner of those who say ظَلْتُ for ظَلِلْتُ: (S, L:) and IAth says that اتّخذ, in like manner, is of the measure افتعل from تَخِذَ; not from أَخَذَ: (L and K in art. تخذ:) but IAth is not one who should contradict J, whose opinion on this point is corroborated by the fact that they say ا@تَّزَرَ from إِِزَارٌ, and ا@تَّمَنَ from أَمْنٌ, and ا@تَّهَلَ from أَهْلٌ; and there are other instances of the same kind: or, accord. to some, اتّخذ is from وَخَذَ, a dial. var. of أَخَذَ, and is originally اِوْتَخَذَ. (MF.) [The various significations of اتّخذ and تَخِذَ and استخذ will be here given under one head.] ― -b2- You say, إِِئْتَخَذُوا فِى القِتَالِ, (S, L, K, *) and فى الحَرْبِ, (Msb,) with two hemzehs, (S, L, K,) or, correctly, إِِيتَخَذُوا, with one hemzeh, [or اِيتَخَذُوا,] as two hemzehs cannot occur together in one word, (marginal note in a copy of the S,) [but in a case of wasl, the first hemzeh being suppressed, the second remains unchanged,] They took, or seized, (أَخَذُوا,) one another (S, L, Msb, K) in fight, (S, L,) and in war; (Msb;) and so اِتَّخَذُوا. (Msb.) And اِيتَخَذَ القَوْمُ The people, of company of men, wrestled together, each taking hold in some manner upon him who wrestled with him, to throw him down. (L, TA.) ― -b3- [اتّخذ, as also ↓ استخذ , and] تَخِذَ, aor. اَخَذَ , (K in art. تخذ,) inf. n. تَخَذَ and تَخْذٌ, (TA in art. تخذ,) likewise signifies i. q. أَخَذَ, (K in art. تخذ, and B and TA in the present art.,) as meaning He took a thing to, or for, himself; took possession of it; got, or acquired, it; syn. حَازَ and حَصَّلَ. (B, TA.) Some read, [in the Kur, xviii. 76,] لَتَخِذْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً [Thou mightest assuredly have taken for thyself a recompense for it]: (S, L, K in art. تخذ, and TA in the present art.:) this is the reading of Mujáhid, (Fr, TA,) and is authorized by I'Ab, and is that of Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà and AZ, and so it is written in the model-copy of the Kur, and so the readers [in general] read: (AM, L, TA:) so read Ibn-Ketheer and the Basrees; he and Yaakoob and Hafs pronouncing the ذ; the others incorporating it [into the ت]: (Bd:) some read لاا@تَّخَذتَّ; (L and K in art. تخذ;) but these read at variance with the scripture. (AM, L, TA.) أَرْضاً ↓ استخذ is a phrase mentioned by Mbr as used by some of the Arabs, (S, L,) and signifies i. q. اِتَّخَذَهَا [He took for himself a piece of land]. (S, L, K.) And اتّخذ وَلَدَّا [in the Kur, ii. 110, &c.,] signifies He got a son, or offspring. (Bd &c. See also below.) And تَخِذَ, aor. اَخَذَ , inf. n. تَخَذٌ and تَخْذٌ, also signifies He gained, acquired, or earned, wealth, (L, and Msb in arts. اخذ and تخذ,) or a thing. (Msb.) ― -b4- عَلَيْهِمْ يَدًا ↓ استخذ and عِنْدَهُمْ signify alike, i. q. اتّخذ [He did to them a benefit, or favour; as though he earned one for himself in prospect, making it to be incumbent on them as a debt to him]: (ISh:) and اِتَّخَذْتُ عِنْدَهُ مَعْروفًا means [in like manner, as also عنده معروفا ↓ أَخَذْتُ , and يَدَّا, (and اِتَّخَذَ فِيهِ حُسْناً has a similar meaning; see Kur xviii. 85;)] I did to him a benefit, or favour; syn. أَسْدَيْتُهُ إِِلَيْهِ. (Msb in art. سدي.) ― -b5- اتّخذ also signifies He made a thing; syn. عَمِلَ; like تَخِذَ, [aor. اَخَذَ ,] inf. n. تَخَذٌ and تَخْذٌ: (L:) he made, or manufactured, a bow, a water-skin, &c., مِنْ كَذَا of such a thing: he made, or prepared, a dish of food, a medicine, &c.: either absolutely or for himself. (The Lexicons passim.) ― -b6- Also He made, or constituted, or appointed; syn. جَعَلَ; doubly trans.; (B, Msb;) and so تَخِذَ. (Msb in art. تخذ.) You say, اتّخذهُ صَدِيقًا He made him [or took him as] a friend; (Msb in the present art.;) and so تَخِذَهُ. (Idem in art. تخذ.) And اتّخذهُ هُزُؤًا [in the Kur ii. 63 and 231, &c.,] means He made him, or it, a subject of derision. (Bd, Jel.) And اتّخذهُ وَلَدًا [in the same, xii. 21 and xxviii. 8,] He made him, or took or adopted him as, a son. (Bd. See also above.)
An Arabic-English Lexicon. London. Williams and Norgate. 1863.
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