E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 7

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ὥστε—quamobrem. In Homer ὥστε is used only in a comparative and causal sense. In tragedy, when used with the indic. (not found in Aesch.), ὥστε nearly always = quamobrem, and this use is common in Thuc, as II. 87, and other prose authors.

πληρωμάτων—one of the many nouns in -μα which is used in a concrete sense, of persons. They are esp. common in tragedy, as δούλευμα, slave, πτῶμα, fallen body.

κάκωσις ἐγένετο—pass. of κάκωσιν ποιεῖσθαι. Thuc. is esp. fond of abstract nouns in -σις, as δήλωσις, ὀλόφυρσις, ξύλωσις, and probably coined some himself.

χρώμενοι—causal, joined to ὁπότε ἐξέλθοιεν. Such juxtaposition of dissimilar expressions is far commoner in Thuc. than in other authors. Tacitus imitates the mannerism.

ἐγγύθεν—adv joined to adj. σπανίῳ, as VIII 48 ἄκριτοι καὶ βιαιότερον ἀποθνῄσκειν, and often.

ἐπὶ φρυγ. . . . ἐξέλθοιεν—ἐπὶ with accus. after verbs of motion corresponds to the supine in -um.

τῶν ἱππέων—having gone round the west end of Epipolae.

Συρακοσίοις—as the subject, μέρος ἱππέων, of the pluperf. pas is personal, the dat. is ethic rather than dat. of the agent. Contrast ταῦτα πέπρακταί μοι (When the subject of the perf. pas. is personal, the agent is regularly expressed by ὑπό.)

ἵνα μὴ . . ἐξίοιεν—epexegetic of διὰ τοὺς ἐν τῷ Π., as in I. 99 διὰ τὴν ἀπόκνησιν τῶν στρατειῶν, ἵνα μὴ ἀπ᾽ οἴκου ὦσι.

Ὀλυμπιείῳ—this includes (a) the τέμενος of the god, (b) the adjacent land. There are still two gaunt pillars of the temple standing.

πολίχνῃ—later this was turned into a proper name.

ἐτετάχατο—cf. ἀφίκατο c. 75. The termination is Ionic, but is occasionally found in other Attic prose writers; e.g. Xen. Anab. IV. 8.5 ἀντιτετάχαται. (Moeris wrongly says ἐτετάχατο Ἀττικῶσ᾽ τεταγμένοι ἦσαν Ἑλληνικῶς.)