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[4]

At this time Artaxerxes the Persian King, seeing that the Greek world was again in a turmoil, sent ambassadors,1 calling upon the Greeks to settle their internecine wars and establish a common peace in accordance with the covenants2 they had formerly made. All the Greeks gladly received his proposal, and all the cities agreed to a general peace except Thebes3; for the Thebans alone, being engaged in bringing Boeotia under a single confederacy,4 were not admitted by the Greeks because of the general determination to have the oaths and treaties made city by city.5 So, remaining outside of the treaties as formerly, the Thebans continued to hold Boeotia in a single confederacy subject to themselves.

1 For the participation of the King see Dionysius Hal. De Lysia Iudicium 12; Xen. Hell. 6.3.12, 5.1 f.

2 See chap. 38, which in many details is an anticipation of this chapter.

3 See Xen. Hell. 6.3.1-19 and for date Plut. Agesilaus 28.

4 The Boeotian League such as it had been before the Peace of Antalcidas (for its constitution see Oxyr. Pap. 842 [vol. 5], 11.38-12.31) was set up anew, only much more strongly centralized and on a democratic basis. The executive was the college of boeotarchs no longer representative of separate states but elected from all Boeotian citizens and reduced in number from eleven to seven (chap. 52). The deciding power lay with the assembly of the Boeotian folk which met at Thebes but in which every citizen of a Boeotian state had a voice (cp. Book 16.25.1). Unlike Attica, each city had autonomy and the League army was composed of contingents from the separate states.

5 See Xen. Hell. 6.3.19-20; Plut. Agesilaus 28; Nepos Epameinondas 6.4; Paus. 9.13.2.

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