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1. πρὸ τοῦ πολιτεύεσθαι: the public life of Demosth. properly began with his speech on the Symmories in 354 B.C. (Hist. § 8); but his responsibility for the foreign policy of Athens began after the peace of 346 (§ 18.2). Still, his fixed policy of opposing Philip, though unsuccessful at first, goes back at least to the First Philippic in 351; and he is here (§§ 60—72) defending his public life as a whole, seldom mentioning his special acts. He reserves these for a later part of his argument (§§ 79—94, and after § 159).

2. προὔλαβε and κατέσχε com- bined have the idea of securing by being beforehand.

4. καὶ διεκωλύθη: see note on καὶ in § 57.7. καὶ expresses parallelism with προὔλαβε καὶ κατέσχε, and strengthens the antithesis between what Philip did before Dem. appeared and what he was prevented from doing afterwards. διεκωλύθη represents an active form αὐτὸν διεκώλυσα: no infinitive is understood.

5. τοσοῦτον ὑπειπών, after pre- mising the following. Demosth. has no preference for the forms in -δε (e.g. τοσόνδε) in referring to what is to follow.

6. ὑπῆρξε: cf. ὑπάρξαι μοι, § 1.3.

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    • Demosthenes, On the Crown, 1
    • Demosthenes, On the Crown, 159
    • Demosthenes, On the Crown, 18
    • Demosthenes, On the Crown, 57
    • Demosthenes, On the Crown, 60
    • Demosthenes, On the Crown, 79
    • Demosthenes, On the Crown, 8
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