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Contents of the Sixteenth Book of Diodorus
chapter 1chapter 2chapter 3chapter 4chapter 5chapter 6chapter 7chapter 8chapter 9chapter 10chapter 11chapter 12chapter 13chapter 14chapter 15chapter 16chapter 17chapter 18chapter 19chapter 20chapter 21chapter 22chapter 23chapter 24chapter 25chapter 26chapter 27chapter 28chapter 29chapter 30chapter 31chapter 32chapter 33chapter 34chapter 35chapter 36chapter 37chapter 38chapter 39chapter 40chapter 41chapter 42chapter 43chapter 44chapter 45chapter 46chapter 47chapter 48chapter 49chapter 50chapter 51chapter 52chapter 53chapter 54chapter 55chapter 56chapter 57chapter 58chapter 59chapter 60chapter 61chapter 62chapter 63chapter 64chapter 65chapter 66chapter 67chapter 68chapter 69chapter 70chapter 71chapter 72chapter 73chapter 74chapter 75chapter 76chapter 77chapter 78chapter 79chapter 80chapter 81chapter 82chapter 83chapter 84chapter 85chapter 86chapter 87chapter 88chapter 89chapter 90chapter 91chapter 92chapter 93chapter 94chapter 95
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After this Philip in response to a summons from the Thessalians entered Thessaly with
his army, and at first carried on a war against Lycophron, tyrant of Pherae,1 in support of the Thessalians2; but later, when Lycophron summoned an auxiliary force from his allies
the Phocians, Phayllus, the brother of Onomarchus, was dispatched with seven thousand men. But
Philip defeated the Phocians and drove them out of Thessaly.
[2]
Then Onomarchus came in haste with his entire military strength to the support of Lycophron,
believing that he would dominate all Thessaly. When Philip in company with the Thessalians
joined battle against the Phocians, Onomarchus with his superior numbers defeated him in two
battles and slew many of the Macedonians. As for Philip, he was reduced to the uttermost perils
and his soldiers were so despondent that they had deserted him, but by arousing the courage of
the majority, he got them with great difficulty to obey his orders.
[3]
Later Philip withdrew to Macedonia, and Onomarchus, marching into Boeotia, defeated the
Boeotians in battle3 and took the
city of Coroneia. As for Thessaly, however, Philip had just at that time returned with his army
from Macedonia4 and had
taken the field against Lycophron, tyrant of Pherae.
[4]
Lycophron, however, since he was no match for him in strength, summoned reinforcements from
his allies the Phocians, promising jointly with them to organize the government of all
Thessaly. So when Onomarchus in haste came to his support with twenty thousand foot and five
hundred horse, Philip, having persuaded the Thessalians to prosecute the war in common,
gathered them all together, numbering more than twenty thousand foot and three thousand horse.
[5]
A severe battle took place and since the Thessalian cavalry
were superior in numbers and valour, Philip won. Because Onomarchus had fled toward the sea and
Chares the Athenian was by chance sailing by5 with many triremes,
a great slaughter of the Phocians took place, for the men in their effort to escape would strip
off their armour and try to swim out to the triremes, and among them was Onomarchus.
[6]
Finally more than six thousand of the Phocians and mercenaries were
slain, and among them the general himself; and no less than three thousand were taken captives.
Philip hanged Onomarchus6; the rest he threw into the sea as temple-robbers.
1 See chap. 14.1.
2 See chap. 33.3 and Polyaenus 4.2.19.
3 At Hermeum, cp. Ephorus, fr. 153, and Aristot. Nic. Eth. 3.1116b.
4 On the chronology of these events see Beloch, Griechische Geschichte （2）, 3.2.267-270.
5 Beloch thinks it highly improbable that Chares happened to be sailing by in the Gulf of Pagasae where this action is placed. He thinks that the Athenians sent Chares to prevent Philip from taking Pagasae but that Chares arrived too late (Griechische Geschichte （2）, 3.1.476 and note 3). See chap. 34.3.
6 Contrary to chap. 61.2 and Paus. 10.2.5, who states that he was shot down (or "drowned," if we read κατεποντίσθη) by his own men. If Onomarchus is the "general" referred to, as he seems to be, then Philip must have crucified his dead body. For still another account of Onomarchus' death (by drowning as he was being carried out to sea on a frightened horse) see Philo Judaeus in Eusebius Praeparatio Evangelica 8.14.33.
Diodorus Siculus. Diodorus of Sicily in Twelve Volumes with an English Translation by C. H. Oldfather. Vol. 4-8. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989.
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References (10 total)
- Cross-references to this page
(7):
- Harper's, Phaÿllus
- A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890), EXE´RCITUS
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), ORCHO´MENUS
- Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), THESSA´LIA
- Smith's Bio, Ly'cophron
- Smith's Bio, Onomarchus
- Smith's Bio, Phayllus
- Cross-references in notes from this page (2):
- Cross-references in general dictionaries to this page
(1):
- LSJ, περικλείω
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