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With the instrumental use are included the relations of (a) cause, (b) accompaniment, and (c) manner. E. g. (a) 3.453, “οὐ μὲν γὰρ φιλότητί γ᾽ ἔκευθον ἄν”, ‘for they would not have hidden [him] out of friendship surely.’ (b) A 277, “ἐριζέμεναι βασιλῆι”, ‘to strive with a king.’ 3.174, “υἱέι σῷ ἑπόμηι”, ‘I followed your son.’ (c) A 418, “τῷ σε κακῇ αἴσῃ τέκον”, ‘so I gave you birth “under an evil star,”’ cum calamitāte (Kühner-Gerth, § 425.6). 3.2, “κλαγγῇ ... ἴσαν”, ‘advanced with clamor.’

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