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12. Ἴωσιν — those of Asia Minor, among whom the Phocaeans and Samos are specially mentioned.
13. ἐπὶ Κύρου—556-529 B.C.
16. Κύρῳ πολεμοῦντες—they were ultimately reduced by Harpagus. Cf. c. 16.
17. ἐπὶ Καμβύσου—C. reigned 529-521 B.C Polycrates ruled 532-521 B.C. According to Herod. 3.33, Samos was πολίων πασέων πρώτη Ἑλληνίδων καὶ βαρβάρων in the time of Polycrates.
19. Π̔ηνείαν ἑλών—Herod. 3.33 assigns far more imposing achievements to Polycrates: cf. ib. 122 τῆς δὲ ἀνθρωπίνης (i.e. not ‘heroic,’ like Minos) λεγομένης γενεῆς Πολυκράτης πρῶτος, ἐλπίδας πολλὰς ἔχων Ἰωνίης τε καὶ νήσων ἄρξειν. This gift was made to the Delian Apollo as the Ionian deity.
21. Μασσαλίαν οἰκίζοντες—at the time when they founded Massilia. Hdt. 1.166 gives an account of a victory of the Etruscans and Carthaginians about 546 B.C., the time of which Thuc. is here speaking. But Eusebius and others placed the foundation of Marseilles 600 B.C.: there is plainly a diserepancy in the dates given for its foundation. (Classen in the 3rd ed. took ἐνίκων to mean gained victories, and referred them to 600 B.C.; but Thuc. is plainly referring to circ. 546 B.C. See Steup's appendix.)
Commentary on Thucydides Book 1. E. C. Marchant. 1905. London. MacMillan and Company, Ltd.
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