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[3] 12. ὑπῆρκτο δ᾽ αὐτοῦa beginning had been made on it; αὐτοῦ is neut. = ‘the work.’

13. ἐπὶ τῆς ... ἦρξεduring his office of archon, which he had held for a year at Athens. It is not necessary to understand by κατ᾽ ἐνιαυτόν annually, which complicates the grammar of the sentence. κατά, with words dcnoting time, is not always distributive. The year is now thought to be 482 B.C.

15. λιμένας—Piraeus, Zea, Munychia.

16. καὶ αὐτούςand that the A., having once become a naval people, were in a very advantageous position for the acquisition of power. (Classen understands προφέρειν as fut. in sense.)

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