E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 3

ξυμμαχικῶν—i.e. the gods by whom the oath to be true to the alliance was taken.

τήν τε δωρεὰν . . πρέπει—‘and (we call on you) to ask in your turn the favour of them—that you do not kill men whom it disgraces you to kill.’ ἀντ-απαιτῆ̣σαι means, in answer to the favour they have asked of you—viz. κτείνειν ἡμᾶς. To this explanation rather than ‘in return for our services,’ εἴ τι ἐπείσθητε and ἀντὶ αἰσχρᾶς (χάριτος) point, and this is the natural force of ἀντι-, as in δρῶν ἀντιπάσχω χρηστά, and so on; cf. ἀντιλαβεῖν presently. The subj. of ἀνταπαιτῆσαι is ὑμᾶς, and αὐτούς means the Thebans. The μή after οὕς is because the rel. clause is subord. to an infin. In this series of four co-ordinate infin. clauses, the second and third have τε, the fourth has καί.

σὠφρονα—from us, in contrast with

αἰσχρᾶς from them.

κακίαν—‘ill-fame,’ character of κακοί, as e.g. in Soph. Ant. 924 quoted on c. 82, 8